Abstract:
:Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the human world population and kills someone every 15 seconds. For more than a century, scientists and clinicians have been distinguishing between the human- and animal-adapted members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). However, all human-adapted strains of MTBC have traditionally been considered to be essentially identical. We surveyed sequence diversity within a global collection of strains belonging to MTBC using seven megabase pairs of DNA sequence data. We show that the members of MTBC affecting humans are more genetically diverse than generally assumed, and that this diversity can be linked to human demographic and migratory events. We further demonstrate that these organisms are under extremely reduced purifying selection and that, as a result of increased genetic drift, much of this genetic diversity is likely to have functional consequences. Our findings suggest that the current increases in human population, urbanization, and global travel, combined with the population genetic characteristics of M. tuberculosis described here, could contribute to the emergence and spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
journal_name
PLoS Bioljournal_title
PLoS biologyauthors
Hershberg R,Lipatov M,Small PM,Sheffer H,Niemann S,Homolka S,Roach JC,Kremer K,Petrov DA,Feldman MW,Gagneux Sdoi
10.1371/journal.pbio.0060311subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-16 00:00:00pages
e311issue
12eissn
1544-9173issn
1545-7885pii
08-PLBI-RA-2811journal_volume
6pub_type
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