Abstract:
:Non-invasive energy metabolism measurements in brain tumors in vivo are now performed widely as molecular imaging by positron emission tomography. This capability has developed from a large number of basic and clinical science investigations that have cross fertilized one another. Apart from precise anatomical localization and quantification, the most intriguing advantage of such imaging is the opportunity to investigate the time course (dynamics) of disease-specific molecular events in the intact organism. Most importantly, molecular imaging represents a key-technology in translational research, helping to develop experimental protocols that may later be applied to human patients. Common clinical indications for molecular imaging of primary brain tumors therefore contain (i) primary brain tumor diagnosis, (ii) identification of the metabolically most active brain tumor reactions (differentiation of viable tumor tissue from necrosis), and (iii) prediction of treatment response by measurement of tumor perfusion, or ischemia. The key-question remains whether the magnitude of biochemical alterations demonstrated by molecular imaging reveals prognostic value with respect to survival. Molecular imaging may identify early disease and differentiate benign from malignant lesions. Moreover, an early identification of treatment effectiveness could influence patient management by providing objective criteria for evaluation of therapeutic strategies for primary brain tumors. Specially, its novel potential to visualize metabolism and signal transduction to gene expression is used in reporter gene assays to trace the location and temporal level of expression of therapeutic and endogenous genes. The authors present here illustrative data of PET imaging: the thymidine kinase gene expression in experimentally transplanted F98 gliomas in cat brain indicates, that [(18)F]FHBG visualizes cells expressing TK-GFP gene in transduced gliomas as well as quantities and localizes transduced HSV-1-TK expression if the blood brain barrier is disrupted. The higher uptake of [(18)F]FLT in the wild-type compared to the transduced type may demonstrate the different doubling time of both tumor tissues suggesting different cytosolic thymidine kinase activity. Molecular imaging probes are developed to image the function of targets without disturbing them or as drug in oder to modify the target's function. This is transfer of gene therapy's experimental knowledge into clinical applications. Molecular imaging closes the gap between in vitro to in vivo integrative biology of disease.
journal_name
Curr Mol Medjournal_title
Current molecular medicineauthors
Schaller BJ,Cornelius JF,Sandu N,Buchfelder Mdoi
10.2174/156652408786733766subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-01 00:00:00pages
711-26issue
8eissn
1566-5240issn
1875-5666journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In recent years, the clinical validation of molecular targeted therapies inhibiting the action of pathogenic tyrosine kinase (TK) has been one of the most exciting developments in cancer research. In this context, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) represents a promising model. It is well known that in MTC, the RET rec...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652410792630607
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although surgery and radiotherapy are highly efficient in local tumor control, distal metastases and tumor recurrence often limit therapeutic outcome. It is becoming progressively more evident that curative tumor therapy depends on the presence and maintenance of an intact immune system which has the capacity to elici...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652412803306666
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucolipidosis Type IV (MLIV) is a lysosomal storage disorder that is characterized by severe neurologic and ophthalmologic abnormalities. It is a progressive disease that usually presents during the first year of life with mental retardation, corneal opacities, and delayed motor milestones. First described in 1974, ML...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524023362276
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this review is to provide a concise overview of developments over the last 15 years in the field of laboratory tests in human medicine that are based on the detection of alterations in the glycan part of glycoconjugates. We show how glycosylation-based diagnostic testing is widespread in the current cli...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652407780831629
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Protein sumoylation is a well established regulatory mechanism to control many cellular processes such as chromatin structure dynamics, transcriptional regulation of gene expression, cell proliferation and differentiation, cell transformation and carcinogenesis, autophagy and senescence. In the vertebrate visio...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1566524019666190112143636
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10, 10q23.3) is the dominant phosphatase responsible for the dephosphorylation of the 3-position phosphate from the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5 triphosphate (PIP3), and thereby directly antagonizes the actions mediated by Phosphatidylinositol...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524013666131118100542
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus is rising globally in epidemic proportions. Diabetes and its complications contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. Increase in sedentary lifestyle and consumption of more energy-dense diet increased the incidence of obesity which is a significant ri...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1566524020666200812221527
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have great potential as a robust source of progenitors for regenerative medicine. The novel technology also enables the derivation of patient-specific cells for applications to personalized medicine, such as for personal drug screening and toxicology. However, the biologic...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524011313050010
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::By eliminating the unneeded or mutant cells, programmed cell death actively participates in a wide range of biological processes from embryonic development to homeostasis maintenance in adult. Continuing efforts have identified multiple cell death pathways, with apoptosis, necrosis and autophage the mostly studied. Re...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524015666151026100339
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variant 16189T>C in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains hotly debated in the past decade. If mutation 16189T>C indeed posed a risk to T2DM, as echoed by some recent studies, correlation between this mutation and disease should be observed when carrying out a systematical study...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1566524014666141202161326
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A framework was developed to provide an integrated view of mycobacterial growth and its regulation. The topics reviewed include the properties of cell cultures and their relation to properties of individual cells, cell sizes and macromolecular compositions, uptake of nutrients through the cell envelope, protein biosyn...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652407780598584
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an important human pathogen, which is the cause of a tick-borne illness occurring in many areas of Africa, Asia, and Europe. CCHF is characterized by a sudden onset of high fever, chills, and severe headache. Other symptoms can include gastrointestinal disorders, such a...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652405774962335
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our current understanding of the mechanisms of information processing and storage in the brain, based on the concept proposed more than fifty years ago by D. Hebb, is that a key role is played by changes in synaptic efficacy induced by coincident pre- and postsynaptic activity. Decades of studies of the properties of ...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524023362041
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-derived exosomes contain biological contents such as proteins, lipids, RNA (miRNAs, mRNAs, lncRNA), and DNA for intracellular communication. Meanwhile, studies have shown the role of exosomes in cancer progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, tumor exosomes have received growing attentio...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1566524020666201120142953
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Islet cell transplantation is an attractive alternative therapy to conventional insulin treatment or vascularized whole pancreas transplantation for type 1 diabetic patients. It represents a successful example of somatic cell therapy in humans based on complex procedures for islet isolation from whole pancreas. The is...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652406777435453
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deregulation of the PI3K pathway is common in human cancer. The basic players in this pathway are the kinases PI3K and AKT and the phosphatase PTEN. This review will summarize some of the key animal models that have helped us understand this signaling network and its contribution to tumorigenesis. Recently, great adva...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652409788488766
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The phenotypic severity of β-thalassemia is highly modulated by three genetic modifiers: β-globin (HBB) mutations, co-inheritance of α-thalassemia and polymorphisms in the genes associated with fetal haemoglobin (HbF) production. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of HbF related polymorphisms mainly...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1566524018666181004121604
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteroviruses are common human pathogens involved in a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes ranging from mild or non-symptomatic illness to severe diseases with neurological and/or cardiac manifestation. Despite being responsible for significant morbidity and mortality especially in immunocompromised patients and infant...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524011009060550
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Similar to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the hepatitis B virus (HBV) replicates via reverse transcription, in this case, within infected hepatocytes. Substantial advances have been achieved in the past ten years in developing and utilizing nucleoside/nucleotide analog drugs to inhibit HBV replication. Most a...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652407780059159
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary malignancies of the liver and the gastrointestinal tract constitute one of the main health problems worldwide. Together, these types of tumour are the first cause of death due to cancer, followed by lung and breast cancer respectively. One important limitation in the treatment of these tumours is that, with a ...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652409789839125
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokines are newly discovered molecules that mediate the migration of leukocytes into inflammed tissues and control the inflammatory reactions in various immune-mediated diseases. Both in animal models and in human specimens, chemokine expression is associated with atherosclerotic lesion development and vascular rem...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524033361546
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The currently available knowledge of factors that dictate the development and progression as well as the clinical outcome of colorectal cancers (CRC) is mainly derived from Western countries. Considerable number of publications document different incidence rates and contrasting clinical features of CRC in various grou...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524017666170220094705
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In vertebrates, cilium is crucial for Hedgehog signaling transduction. Forkhead box transcriptional factor FoxF1 is reported to be associated with Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling in many cases. However, the role of FoxF1 in cilium remains unknown. Here, we showed an essential role of FoxF1 in the regulation o...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.2174/1566524019666190405115420
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 diabetes carries a 2-6-fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. Indeed, the risk of major cardiovascular events in Type 2 diabetic patients without history of coronary heart disease (CHD) is equivalent to that observed in non-diabetic subjects with CHD. However, atherosclerosis may also pr...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524053766095
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditionally regarded as a genetic disease of the cardiac sarcomere, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular disease and a significant cause of sudden cardiac death. While the most common etiologies of this phenotypically diverse disease lie in a handful of genes encoding critica...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/156652412800620020
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia, BG) is both a nutritious and healthy food with a distinctive bitter flavor, and it is also widely exploited in folklore medicine. This review focuses on the efficacies and molecular mechanisms of BG-induced anti-diabetic, anti-HIV, and antitumor activities contributed by over twenty ...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652411795976583
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In sum, the FTIs are signal transduction inhibitors that display promising clinical activity against a broad spectrum of malignancies. We are just beginning to explore and elucidate the mechanisms by which transformed cells respond to FTIs and the optimal settings in which they do so. The clinical trials that are curr...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/156652405774641052
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormal and prolonged inflammatory reaction is seen in a wide variety of disorders, and high level of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) has been linked to these disorders. Therefore, modulation of TNF-α expression is important in the regulation of inflammatory disorders. In our previous study, we have shown that a ...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/156652411796268731
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) is a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that plays a critical role in pancreatic development, β-cell differentiation, maintenance of normal β-cell function and tumorigenesis. PDX-1 is subjected to extensive post-translational modifications for its stability, subcellu...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibromyalgia (FM) is a prevalent disorder defined by the presence of chronic widespread pain in association with fatigue, sleep disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. Recent studies indicate that bipolar spectrum disorders frequently co-occur in individuals with FM. Furthermore, shared pathophysiological mechanisms a...
journal_title:Current molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1566524016666160126144027
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00