Abstract：
:Angiotensin (Ang)-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 cleaves Ang-II into the vasodilator peptide Ang-(1-7), thus acting as a pivotal element in balancing the local effects of these peptides. ACE2 has been identified in various tissues and is supposed to be a modulator of cardiovascular function. Decreases in ACE2 expression and activity have been reported in models of hypertension, heart failure, atherosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy and others. In addition, the expression level and/or activity are affected by other renin-angiotensin system components (e.g., ACE and AT1 receptors). Local inhibition or global deletion of brain ACE2 induces a reduction in baroreflex sensitivity. Moreover, ACE2-null mice have been shown to exhibit either blood pressure or cardiac dysfunction phenotypes. On the other hand, over-expression of ACE2 exerts protective effects in local tissues, including the brain. In this review, we will first summarize the major findings linking ACE2 to cardiovascular function in the periphery then focus on recent discoveries related to ACE2 in the CNS. Finally, we will unveil new tools designed to address the importance of central ACE2 in various diseases, and discuss the potential for this carboxypeptidase as a new target in the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Xia H,Lazartigues Edoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05723.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-01 00:00:00pages
1482-94issue
6eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159pii
JNC5723journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Following cellular stress or tissue injury, the proteasome plays a critical role in protein degradation and signal transduction. The present study examined the beta-subunit expression of constitutive proteasomes (beta1, beta2, and beta5), immunoproteasomes (beta1i, beta2i, and beta5i) and the 11S proteasome activator,...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04970.x
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of Gi/o protein-coupled receptors on adenylyl cyclase type 2 (AC2) has been studied in Sf9 insect cells. Stimulation of cells expressing AC2 with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) led to a twofold stimulation of cAMP synthesis that could be blocked with the protein kinase C inhib...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01270.x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapid and simple procedure is presented to obtain nearly pure populations of human neuron-like cells from the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. Sequential exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to retinoic acid and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in serum-free medium yields homogeneous populations of cells with neuronal morphol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750991.x
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the effects of cold and isolation stress on arginine vasopressin (AVP) mRNA in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei of the hypothalamus. Vasopressin mRNA levels were determined by in situ hybridization histochemistry at the cellular level. In posterior magnocellular neurons of the PVN isol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb03463.x
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrocytes remove glutamate from the synaptic cleft via specific transporters, and impaired glutamate reuptake may promote excitotoxic neuronal injury. In a model of viral encephalomyelitis caused by neuroadapted Sindbis virus (NSV), mice develop acute paralysis and spinal motor neuron degeneration inhibited by the AM...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05230.x
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous norepinephrine (NE) release in cerebral cortex slices taken from normal and morphine-tolerant guinea pigs was measured by HPLC. In normal slices, a linear relationship was found between electrically evoked NE release and the log of the frequency of stimulation in the range of 1-20 Hz. The efficiency of the ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb11361.x
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aggregates of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) have been demonstrated in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) and other neurodegenerative diseases; however, their role in disease pathogenesis is unclear. In this study, we investigated the presence of SOD aggregates in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01056.x
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcriptional dysregulation is a hallmark of Huntington's disease (HD) and one cause of this dysregulation is enhanced activity of the REST-mSIN3a-mSIN3b-CoREST-HDAC repressor complex, which silences transcription through REST binding to the RE1/NRSE silencer. Normally, huntingtin (HTT) prevents this binding, allowi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12348
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently reported that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulated phosphoinositide metabolism in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells and that PGE2 and ouabain, an inhibitor of Na+,K+-ATPase, synergistically induced a gradual secretion of catecholamines from the cells. The effect on catecholamine release was specific f...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb13286.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the role of the retinoblastoma protein pRB in neuronal differentiation, we have measured the accumulation of hypophosphorylated pRB in PC12 cells stimulated by nerve growth factor (NGF). NGF induced the accumulation of hypophosphorylated pRB within 30 min and the level peaked after 12 h. Viral Kiras, cy...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66062287.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A sustained increase in the brain concentrations of neuroactive steroids was previously shown to induce Y1 receptor gene expression in the amygdala of Y1R/LacZ transgenic mice which harbour a construct comprising the murine Y1 receptor gene promoter and the lacZ reporter gene. We now investigated the effects of restra...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02444.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antisera raised to the 68,000, 145,000 and 200,000 molecular weight subunits of rat neurofilaments were used for immunochemical staining of polypeptides separated by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. It was found that each antiserum reacts intensely with its corresponding neurofilament subunit and weakly w...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb04676.x
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human brain aldose reductase and hexonate dehydrogenase are inhibited by alrestatin (AY 22,284) and sorbinil (CP 45,634). Inhibition by alrestatin is noncompetitive for both enzymes, and slightly stronger for hexonate dehydrogenase (KI values 52-250 microM) than for aldose reductase (KI values 170-320 microM). Sorbini...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb07964.x
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have analyzed brain coated vesicles and synaptic plasma membrane for the presence of the plasma membrane proteolipid protein. Coated vesicles were isolated from calf brain gray matter with a final purification on Sephacryl S-1000 and reisolated twice by chromatography to ensure homogeneity. Fractions were analyzed ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01829.x
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) preferentially inhibit production of the amyloidogenic Abeta42 peptide, presumably by direct modulation of gamma-secretase activity. A recent report indicated that NSAIDs could reduce Abeta42 by inhibition of the small GTPase Rho, and a single inhibitor of Rho kin...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03553.x
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Head injury was induced in rats by a weight drop device, falling over the left hemisphere. The rats were killed at 15 min, 4 h, and 24 h after injury. Cortical slices were taken from the injured zone, from the corresponding region of the contralateral hemisphere, and from the frontal lobe of both hemispheres. These co...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb08550.x
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence on microtubule assembly in vitro of monoclonal antibodies against microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) was studied. Light scattering was used for measuring net polymer formation and electron microscopy for determining the influence of antibodies on microtubule morphology. Control experiments showed tha...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb00952.x
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postischemic recovery from brain edema and of protein synthesis was examined following 1 h of middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. Recovery from brain edema and of protein synthesis showed a good correlation until 7 days after reperfusion in each area (cerebral cortex or lateral caudate) in the occluded MCA...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01113.x
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:5-Hydroxytryptamine2 (5-HT2) receptor antagonists have been shown to interfere with the stimulation of striatal dopamine synthesis and release produced by the amphetamine analogue 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). To localize the receptors responsible for the attenuation of MDMA-induced release, 5-HT2 receptor...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62041382.x
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chandipura virus (CHPV; genus Vesiculovirus, family Rhabdoviridae) induces neuronal death through the Fas-mediated extrinsic apoptosis pathway. What propels this apoptosis remains unclear, although oxysterols have been reported to be key players in neurodegeneration. In our study of CHPV-infected brain samples, we obs...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13208
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At 1, 2, and 4 weeks after unilateral premotor and motor cortex ablation in rats, a significant and lasting decrease in glutamate levels in the ipsilateral versus contralateral striatum was observed. A significant corresponding fall in aspartate was seen only after 1 week. In contrast, there was a large increase in th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb05352.x
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter which acts as a drug efflux pump, is highly expressed at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) where it plays an important role in brain protection. Recently, P-gp has been reported to be located in the caveolae of multidrug-resistant cells. I...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02081.x
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate or a related excitatory amino acid is thought to be the major excitatory neurotransmitter of hippocampal afferents, intrinsic neurons, and efferents. We have used an autoradiographic technique to investigate the status of excitatory amino acid receptors in the hippocampal formation of patients dying with dem...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb04127.x
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mature form of Alzheimer's beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) is phosphorylated specifically at Thr(668) in neurons. In mature neurons, phosphorylated APP is detected in neurites, with dephosphorylated APP being found mostly in the cell body. In vitro, active cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) phosphorylated the c...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0751085.x
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of different treatments on amino acid levels in neostriatum was studied to throw some light on the synthesis and metabolism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Irreversible inhibition of GABA transaminase by microinjection of gamma-vinyl GABA (GVG) led to a decrease in aspartate, glutamate, and glutamine lev...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb10586.x
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a candidate autoantigen in multiple sclerosis, its function remains unknown. In humans, mRNA expressed by the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein gene is alternatively spliced resulting in at least nine unique protein isoforms. In this study, we investigated the sub-cell...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04687.x
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The separation of 38 hypophyseal or hypothalamic peptides and proteins by reversed-phase HPLC is described. The efficacy of several supports is discussed: large-pore reversed-phase silica supports turned out to be most effective in the separation of neuropeptides and proteins. The use of high sodium phosphate and phos...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07156.x
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using nuclear reaction 6Li(n, alpha)3H and dielectric detectors, we have studied the distribution of Li in the brain of adult mice, following Li treatment of the animals. Two strains of animals were used in parallel: "quaking" dysmyelinating mutants and normally myelinated controls. The distribution appeared to be sha...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00657.x
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate signaling in the mature retinal tissue is very important for accurate sensory decoding by retinal neurons and orchestrates the fine-tuned output from the retina to higher-order centers at the cerebral cortex. In this study, we show that glutamate induces a rapid extracellular-regulated kinase and cAMP-respon...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05778.x
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the binding of the adenosine agonist radioligands [3N]N6-cyclohexyladenosine ([3H]CHA) and [3H]5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine ([3H]NECA) to membranes prepared from postmortem human pineal glands. The results showed that the A-1-specific ligand CHA did not bind to membranes. By contrast, [3H]NECA, a no...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb03141.x
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
