Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between genitourinary infections in the month before conception to the end of the first trimesterand gastroschisis. DESIGN:Case-control study with self reported infections from a computer assisted telephone interview. SETTING:National birth defects prevention study, a multisite, population based study including 10 surveillance systems for birth defects in the United States. PARTICIPANTS:Mothers of 505 offspring with gastroschisis and 4924 healthy liveborn infants as controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Adjusted odds ratios for gastroschisis with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS:About 16% (n=81) of case mothers and 9% (n=425) of control mothers reported a genitourinary infection in the relevant time period; 4% (n=21) and 2% (n=98) reported a sexually transmitted infection and 13% (n=67) and 7% (n=338) reported a urinary tract infection, respectively. Case mothers aged <25 years reported higher rates of urinary tract infection alone and in combination with a sexually transmitted infection compared with control mothers. In women who reported both types of infection, there was a greater risk of gastroschisis in offspring (adjusted odds ratio 4.0, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 11.6). CONCLUSION:There is a significant association between self reported urinary tract infection plus sexually transmitted infection just before conception and in early pregnancy and gastroschisis.
journal_name
BMJjournal_title
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)authors
Feldkamp ML,Reefhuis J,Kucik J,Krikov S,Wilson A,Moore CA,Carey JC,Botto LDdoi
10.1136/bmj.39567.509074.25subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-06-21 00:00:00pages
1420-3issue
7658eissn
0959-8138issn
1756-1833pii
bmj.39567.509074.25journal_volume
336pub_type
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