Metabolic stabilization of endplate acetylcholine receptors regulated by Ca2+ influx associated with muscle activity.

abstract：:Gut commensal microbes shape the mucosal immune system by regulating the differentiation and expansion of several types of T cell. Clostridia, a dominant class of commensal microbe, can induce colonic regulatory T (Treg) cells, which have a central role in the suppression of inflammatory and allergic responses. Howeve...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Furusawa Y,Obata Y,Fukuda S,Endo TA,Nakato G,Takahashi D,Nakanishi Y,Uetake C,Kato K,Kato T,Takahashi M,Fukuda NN,Murakami S,Miyauchi E,Hino S,Atarashi K,Onawa S,Fujimura Y,Lockett T,Clarke JM,Topping DL,Tomita

更新日期：2013-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:How black holes accrete surrounding matter is a fundamental yet unsolved question in astrophysics. It is generally believed that matter is absorbed into black holes via accretion disks, the state of which depends primarily on the mass-accretion rate. When this rate approaches the critical rate (the Eddington limit), t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kimura M,Isogai K,Kato T,Ueda Y,Nakahira S,Shidatsu M,Enoto T,Hori T,Nogami D,Littlefield C,Ishioka R,Chen YT,King SK,Wen CY,Wang SY,Lehner MJ,Schwamb ME,Wang JH,Zhang ZW,Alcock C,Axelrod T,Bianco FB,Byun YI,

更新日期：2016-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Only about 1% of human XO conceptuses survive to birth and these usually have the characteristics of Turner's syndrome, with a complex and variable phenotype including short stature, gonadal dysgenesis and anatomical defects. Both the embryonic lethality and Turner's syndrome are thought to be due to monosomy for a ge...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ashworth A,Rastan S,Lovell-Badge R,Kay G

更新日期：1991-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that animal population dynamics may be synchronized by climate is highly relevant in the context of climate change because it suggests that several populations might respond simultaneously to climatic trends if their dynamics are entrained by environmental correlation. The dynamics of many species throu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Post E,Forchhammer MC

更新日期：2002-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons develop a highly polarized morphology consisting of dendrites and a long axon. Both axons and dendrites contain microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) with characteristic structures. Among MAPs, MAP2 is specifically expressed in dendrites whereas MAP2C and tau are abundant in the axon. But the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chen J,Kanai Y,Cowan NJ,Hirokawa N

更新日期：1992-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Volcanic eruptions contribute to climate variability, but quantifying these contributions has been limited by inconsistencies in the timing of atmospheric volcanic aerosol loading determined from ice cores and subsequent cooling from climate proxies such as tree rings. Here we resolve these inconsistencies and show th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sigl M,Winstrup M,McConnell JR,Welten KC,Plunkett G,Ludlow F,Büntgen U,Caffee M,Chellman N,Dahl-Jensen D,Fischer H,Kipfstuhl S,Kostick C,Maselli OJ,Mekhaldi F,Mulvaney R,Muscheler R,Pasteris DR,Pilcher JR,Salzer M,

更新日期：2015-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Deception is common in nature and humans are no exception. Modern societies have created institutions to control cheating, but many situations remain where only intrinsic honesty keeps people from cheating and violating rules. Psychological, sociological and economic theories suggest causal pathways to explain how the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gächter S,Schulz JF

更新日期：2016-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The brain cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptor (CCK-B/gastrin) has been implicated in mediating anxiety, panic attacks, satiety, and the perception of pain. The canine and human CCK-B/gastrin receptors share 90% amino-acid identity and have similar agonist affinities. These receptors can be selectively blocked by the no...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Beinborn M,Lee YM,McBride EW,Quinn SM,Kopin AS

更新日期：1993-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonrandom chromosome rearrangements, observed in a variety of human and animal tumours, are associated in some cases with enhanced expression or deregulation of cellular oncogenes. Recently, it was shown that normal, diploid rodent cells are neoplastically transformed following transfection with two cooperating oncoge...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Oshimura M,Gilmer TM,Barrett JC

更新日期：1985-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to design proteins with high affinity and selectivity for any given small molecule is a rigorous test of our understanding of the physiochemical principles that govern molecular recognition. Attempts to rationally design ligand-binding proteins have met with little success, however, and the computational d...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tinberg CE,Khare SD,Dou J,Doyle L,Nelson JW,Schena A,Jankowski W,Kalodimos CG,Johnsson K,Stoddard BL,Baker D

更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleosomal DNA is arranged in a higher-order structure that presents a barrier to most cellular processes involving protein DNA interactions. The cellular machinery involved in sister chromatid cohesion, the cohesin complex, also requires access to the nucleosomal DNA to perform its function in chromosome segregation...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hakimi MA,Bochar DA,Schmiesing JA,Dong Y,Barak OG,Speicher DW,Yokomori K,Shiekhattar R

更新日期：2002-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquity of tertiary alkylamines in pharmaceutical and agrochemical agents, natural products and small-molecule biological probes1,2 has stimulated efforts towards their streamlined synthesis3-9. Arguably the most robust method for the synthesis of tertiary alkylamines is carbonyl reductive amination3, which compr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kumar R,Flodén NJ,Whitehurst WG,Gaunt MJ

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A conserved heterotrimeric membrane protein complex, the Sec61 or SecY complex, forms a protein-conducting channel, allowing polypeptides to be transferred across or integrated into membranes. We report the crystal structure of the complex from Methanococcus jannaschii at a resolution of 3.2 A. The structure suggests ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Van den Berg B,Clemons WM Jr,Collinson I,Modis Y,Hartmann E,Harrison SC,Rapoport TA

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large impact by a comet or meteorite releases an enormous amount of energy, which evaporates, melts and fractures the surrounding rocks. Distinctive features of such impacts are 'shatter cones', deformed rocks characterized by hierarchical striated features. Although such features have been used for decades as unequ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sagy A,Reches Z,Fineberg J

更新日期：2002-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunophilins cyclophilin and FK506 binding protein (FKBP) are small, predominantly soluble proteins that bind the immunosuppressant drugs cyclosporin A and FK506, respectively, with high affinity, and which seem to mediate their pharmacological actions. The Ca(2+)-dependent protein phosphatase, calcineurin, binds...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Steiner JP,Dawson TM,Fotuhi M,Glatt CE,Snowman AM,Cohen N,Snyder SH

更新日期：1992-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:On being heated, ice melts into liquid water. Although in practice this process tends to be heterogeneous, it can occur homogeneously inside bulk ice. The thermally induced homogeneous melting of solids is fairly well understood, and involves the formation and growth of melting nuclei. But in the case of water, resili...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mochizuki K,Matsumoto M,Ohmine I

更新日期：2013-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The Philadelphia chromosome, a chromosomal abnormality that encodes BCR-ABL1, is the defining lesion of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) and a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). To define oncogenic lesions that cooperate with BCR-ABL1 to induce ALL, we performed a genome-wide analysis of diagnostic leuk...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mullighan CG,Miller CB,Radtke I,Phillips LA,Dalton J,Ma J,White D,Hughes TP,Le Beau MM,Pui CH,Relling MV,Shurtleff SA,Downing JR

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When an intense laser pulse is focused into a gas, the light-atom interaction that occurs as atoms are ionized results in an extremely nonlinear optical process--the generation of high harmonics of the driving laser frequency. Harmonics that extend up to orders of about 300 have been reported, some corresponding to ph...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bartels R,Backus S,Zeek E,Misoguti L,Vdovin G,Christov IP,Murnane MM,Kapteyn HC

更新日期：2000-07-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing population and consumption are placing unprecedented demands on agriculture and natural resources. Today, approximately a billion people are chronically malnourished while our agricultural systems are concurrently degrading land, water, biodiversity and climate on a global scale. To meet the world's future ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Foley JA,Ramankutty N,Brauman KA,Cassidy ES,Gerber JS,Johnston M,Mueller ND,O'Connell C,Ray DK,West PC,Balzer C,Bennett EM,Carpenter SR,Hill J,Monfreda C,Polasky S,Rockström J,Sheehan J,Siebert S,Tilman D,Zaks DP

更新日期：2011-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In myelinated nerves, segregation of voltage-dependent sodium channels to nodes of Ranvier is crucial for saltatory conduction along axons. As sodium channels associate and colocalize with ankyrin at nodes of Ranvier, one possibility is that sodium channels are recruited and immobilized at axonal sites which are speci...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Joe EH,Angelides K

更新日期：1992-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Osmotic pressures are generated by differences in chemical potential of a solution across a membrane. But whether osmosis can have a significant effect on the pressure of fluids in geological environments has been controversial, because the membrane properties of geological media are poorly understood. 'Anomalous' pre...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Neuzil CE

更新日期：2000-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In the frog Xenopus, the somatic-type 5S ribosomal RNA genes are active in all cells; the oocyte-type 5S genes are active in oocytes but not in somatic cells. A new method of native gel electrophoresis resolves the two types of 5S RNA which are of the same length but different sequence. When somatic nuclei were inject...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Korn LJ,Gurdon JB

更新日期：1981-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex I is the first enzyme of the respiratory chain and has a central role in cellular energy production, coupling electron transfer between NADH and quinone to proton translocation by an unknown mechanism. Dysfunction of complex I has been implicated in many human neurodegenerative diseases. We have determined the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Efremov RG,Baradaran R,Sazanov LA

更新日期：2010-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of the operator-binding domain of the lambda repressor has been determined at 3.2 A resolution. This domain contains an extended N-terminal arm and five alpha-helices. Model-building studies of the repressor-operator complex suggest that alpha-helices, especially the N-terminal parts of these helices, ma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pabo CO,Lewis M

更新日期：1982-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Metastasis is the main cause of death in people with cancer. To colonize distant organs, circulating tumour cells must overcome many obstacles through mechanisms that we are only now starting to understand. These include infiltrating distant tissue, evading immune defences, adapting to supportive niches, surviving as ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Massagué J,Obenauf AC

更新日期：2016-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Light usually propagates inside transparent materials in well known ways. However, recent research has examined the possibility of modifying the way the light travels by taking a normal transparent dielectric and inserting tiny metallic inclusions of various shapes and arrangements. As light passes through these struc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tsakmakidis KL,Boardman AD,Hess O

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Visual stimuli can acquire positive or negative value through their association with rewards and punishments, a process called reinforcement learning. Although we now know a great deal about how the brain analyses visual information, we know little about how visual representations become linked with values. To study t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Paton JJ,Belova MA,Morrison SE,Salzman CD

更新日期：2006-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Distance determination in animals can be achieved by visual or non-visual cues. Weakly electric fish use active electrolocation for orientation in the dark. By perceiving self-produced electric signals with epidermal electroreceptors, fish can detect, locate and analyse nearby objects. Distance discrimination, however...

journal_title：Nature

authors： von der Emde G,Schwarz S,Gomez L,Budelli R,Grant K

更新日期：1998-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Two main forms of long-term potentiation (LTP)-a prominent model for the cellular mechanism of learning and memory-have been distinguished in the mammalian brain. One requires activation of postsynaptic NMDA (N-methyl d-aspartate) receptors, whereas the other, called mossy fibre LTP, has a principal presynaptic compon...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Castillo PE,Schoch S,Schmitz F,Südhof TC,Malenka RC

更新日期：2002-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The CD4 subset of cells displays helper/inducer activity and recognizes class II antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), while the CD8 subset recognizes class I MHC antigens and exhibits cytotoxic or suppressor function. Considerable functional as well as corresponding phenotypic heterogeneity exists w...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Morimoto C,Rudd CE,Letvin NL,Schlossman SF

更新日期：1987-12-03 00:00:00