Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Various reports support the use of cervical spine (c-spine) CT over conventional radiography in screening of c-spine injury. Interest now exists in diagnostic radiation-induced morbidity. OBJECTIVE:To estimate excess relative risk for developing cancer from c-spine high-resolution CT radiation exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We conducted a retrospective review of children evaluated for c-spine injury using CT. The study population was divided into three age groups, 0-4 years (group 1), 5-8 years (group 2), and older than 8 years (group 3). Anthropomorphic 1-year-old and 5-year-old phantoms were used to measure radiation at the thyroid during radiography and CT. Excess relative risk for thyroid cancer was estimated using these measurements. RESULTS:A total of 557 patients were evaluated with CT. The radiographic method most commonly used was head CT/c-spine CT in 363 (65%). Only 179 children (32%) had any type of prior radiography. The use of c-spine CT exposes the thyroid to 90-200 times more radiation than multiple conventional radiographs. The mean excess relative risk for thyroid cancer after CT was 2.0 for group 1 and 0.6 for group 2. There were no comparison data for group 3. CONCLUSION:C-spine CT is associated with a significant exposure to ionizing radiation and increases excess relative risk for thyroid cancer in young children.
journal_name
Pediatr Radioljournal_title
Pediatric radiologyauthors
Jimenez RR,Deguzman MA,Shiran S,Karrellas A,Lorenzo RLdoi
10.1007/s00247-007-0728-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-06-01 00:00:00pages
635-44issue
6eissn
0301-0449issn
1432-1998journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We report a rare case of cystic metastases to the liver from a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour in a child. Ultrasound and CT appearances are described with a discussion on the histological findings and the differential diagnosis. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470000347
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pituitary gland can demonstrate a variety of pathologies with different clinical presentations. Amongst them, pituitary abscess is a rare infectious disease for which contrast-enhanced MRI aids the diagnostic pathway. We present a 16-year-old girl with imaging and surgical findings consistent with primary pituitar...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-009-1435-y
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of an atypical pneumomediastinum in a newborn was confirmed by ultrasound where an echogenic rim of air was noted around the heart. Ultrasound is suggested as an alternative to a decubitus film in differentiating between a pneumomediastinum (which usually resolves spontaneously) and a medial pneumothorax...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02013517
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In pediatric oncology, therapeutic decisions are made based on tumor response to chemotherapeutic agents. Sequential measurement of tumor bulk and its percent change on therapy must be accurately assessed. Will 3-dimensional (3-D) volumetric determination improve our ability to assess tumor response to therapy? Forty-...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02020828
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:New developments in processing of digital radiographs (DR), including multi-frequency processing (MFP), allow optimization of image quality and radiation dose. This is particularly promising in children as they are believed to be more sensitive to ionizing radiation than adults. OBJECTIVE:To examine whether...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2385-3
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review the physiological basis of diffusion-weighted imaging and discuss the implementation of diffusion-weighted imaging pulse sequences and the subsequent postprocessing to yield quantitative estimations of diffusion parameters. We also introduce the concept of directionality of "apparent" diffusion in vivo and t...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0516-z
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are few data regarding the frequency and type of diagnostic errors made by radiology residents and fellows ("trainees"). However, increasing interest in reducing medical errors highlights the need to analyze which areas of medical knowledge are most problematic for physicians-in-training, including rad...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-004-1150-7
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that increased hepatic and intramuscular fat is associated with insulin resistance, and that increased pancreatic fat is related to impaired insulin secretion. OBJECTIVE:We postulated that in obese nondiabetic teenagers insulin levels would be directly related to increases in intramusc...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-005-1413-y
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two cases of intussusception with free peritoneal fluid detected by ultrasound are presented. In neither of these cases was the fluid associated with perforation or intestinal compromise. After assessing the findings in these patients, we believe that small amounts of fluid may well be present in uncomplicated intussu...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02011484
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a case of eosinophilic granuloma at the fourth cervical vertebra in a 10-year-old girl presenting with a 1-month history of cervical pain and stiffness. This lesion was histologically diagnosed by needle biopsy and then treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty. After the procedure, the cervical pain and stiffn...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0575-1
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that the pelvis should not be habitually included on abdominal CT examinations, but the potential benefit of such a practice in childhood abdominal malignancies is unknown. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the yield and potential diagnostic benefit of abnormal findings on CT of the pelvis in chil...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-005-0053-6
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:CT optimization has a special importance in children. Smaller body size accentuates the importance of patient positioning affecting both radiation dose and image quality. OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of vertical positioning on organ dose, image noise and contrast in pediatric chest CT examination. MAT...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2611-z
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two patients with aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine demonstrate striking similarities when examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while the plain radiographs and images on computed tomography (CT) are quite different. Gadolinium DTPA enhanced T1W images were especially helpful in the definition of the lesion...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02015620
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In children, leukemia is the most common malignancy, and approximately 75% of leukemias are acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Central nervous system leukemia is found at diagnosis in fewer than 5% of children with ALL. Leukemic intracranial masses have been described with acute myeloid leukemia, but ALL presenting a...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-009-1347-x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of intramural esophageal pseudodiverticulosis in a five-year-old with a 16-year follow up is presented. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00971777
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Imaging is a crucial part of the evaluation of children with primary liver malignancies. In addition to staging the intrahepatic extent of the tumour, the 2005 revision of the PRETEXT system specifies certain criteria for assessment of extrahepatic disease. This article reviews the imaging findings of two of these cri...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0513-2
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In previous studies, typical radiological findings in the cervical spine of patients with diastrophic dysplasia (DD) have been kyphosis, displacement of the vertebrae, spina bifida occulta (SBO), anterior hypoplasia of vertebrae C3-5, and hyperplasia and dysmorphism of the odontoid process. OBJECTIVES:To ma...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-002-0720-9
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper compares the effects on patients of perforation with barium and with air during attempted intussusception reduction by reviewing the clinical, radiological, surgical and pathological findings and sequelae in seven children who received barium and seven who received air. In both groups perforation occurred i...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02010311
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The meso-Rex bypass restores blood flow to the liver in patients with extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis. Stenosis occurs in some cases, causing the reappearance of portal hypertension. Complications such as thrombocytopenia present on a spectrum and there are currently no guidelines regarding a threshold f...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-018-4284-8
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OS-CS) is a specific bone dysplasia manifested by hypertelorism, flat nasal bridge, frontal bossing, large head, hypoplastic maxilla, palate anomalies, chronic otitis media, hearing deficits, nasal obstruction, and neurological changes of deafness, facial palsy, ophthalmople...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02017665
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sonography was performed to visualize the nonossified tarsal navicular cartilage and to demonstrate talonavicular dislocation in a seven month old infant with congenital vertical talus. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02010662
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The practice of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in children is in the setting of off-label use or research. The widespread practice of pediatric contrast-enhanced US is primarily in Europe. There is ongoing effort by the Society for Pediatric Radiology (SPR) and International Contrast Ultrasound Society (ICUS) to push fo...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-013-2746-6
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) often undergo MRI studies to assess brain injury or to quantify hepatic iron. MRI requires the child to lie motionless for 30-60 min, thus sedation/anesthesia might be used to facilitate successful completion of exams, but this poses additional risks for SCD patients. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2422-2
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Excessive cervical flexion-extension accompanying mild to severe impact injuries can lead to C2 synchondrosal fractures in young children. OBJECTIVE:To characterize and classify C2 synchondrosal fracture patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed imaging and medical records of children who...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3224-5
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pediatric optic pathway gliomas are typically indolent but have a variable clinical course. Treatment is dictated by symptoms and changes on contrast-enhanced MRI examinations. Gadolinium retention in children has motivated parsimonious use of gadolinium-based contrast agents. OBJECTIVES:To determine survei...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-018-4154-4
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Focal liver lesions are common in children and adults after Fontan procedures. OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between liver shear stiffness, using magnetic resonance (MR) elastography, and the presence of focal liver lesions in patients after Fontan procedures (total cavopulmonary anastomosis). MATE...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-018-4264-z
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During a 4-year period 9 out of 35 patients deteriorated following a contrast enema after necrotising enterocolitis (NEC). Two developed Klebsiella septicaemia with one subsequent death. Following the latter two cases the paediatric surgeons instituted intravenous prophylactic antibiotics (benzyl penicillin, metronida...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02015352
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We performed 25 percutaneous fine needle biopsies (PFNB) on pediatric patients during a 3-year period. Of 17 patients with proven malignancies, PFNB was true positive in 16 and false negative in one. In nine patients with benign or inflammatory disorders, there were three true positives and six false negatives. There ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02388363
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 5-year-old girl presented with lower limb deformities, delayed ambulation, short stature, facial dysmorphism and scoliosis. Radiologic examination showed severe anterior and external bowing of the femurs and anterior and internal bowing of the tibia and fibula, with posterior and medial cortical thickening. Square i...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02020841
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate fast spin-echo and multi-shot echo-planar fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences in paediatric brain imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Matched images from 32 patients with suspected tumour or white matter disease were independently evaluated by two paediatric neuroradiologists. The obse...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050177
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
