Abstract:
:Research into fingermark enhancement techniques has traditionally used visual comparisons and qualitative methods to assess their effectiveness based on the quality of the developed fingermark. However, with increasing research into the optimisation of these techniques the need for a quantitative evaluative method has arisen. Parameters for acceptable fingerprint quality are not well defined and generally encompass clear, sharp edges and high levels of contrast between the fingermark ridges and background material. Using these current parameters, a conclusive measurement of fingerprint quality and thus the effectiveness of development techniques cannot be achieved. This study presents a model through which an aspect of fingerprint quality can be objectively and impartially measured based on a relative contrast index, constructed through measuring the reflective intensity of the fingermark ridges against the background material. Using a fibre-optic spectrophotometer attached to a microscope with axial illumination, the intensity counts of the ridge detail and background material were measured and a logarithmic contrast index constructed. The microscope and spectrophotometer parameters were experimentally tested using a standard colour resolution chart with known reflective properties. The protocol was successfully applied to four sample groups: black inked fingerprints on white paper; latent fingermarks on white paper developed separately with ninhydrin and physical developer; and fingermarks in blood deposited on white tiles and enhanced with amido black. The contrast indices obtained quantitatively reflect the level of contrast and provide an indication of fingerprint quality through a numerical representation rather than previous qualitative methods. It has been suggested that the proposed method of fingerprint quantification may be viable for application in the forensic research arena as it allows the definitive measurement of contrast to aid the evaluation of fingermark detection and enhancement techniques.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
Humphreys JD,Porter G,Bell Mdoi
10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.02.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-06-10 00:00:00pages
46-53issue
1eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379-0738(08)00052-2journal_volume
178pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To estimate age using DNA based on telomere shortening, we determined the terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length, as telomere length, using Southern blot analysis of peripheral human blood and blood stains. All blood stains had been stored at room temperature for 5 months. The average TRF length clearly showed a t...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00086-5
更新日期:2002-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::The success of the Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) process relies upon sufficient post-mortem data being recovered to allow for a meaningful comparison with ante-mortem records of the missing person. Human bodies subjected to prolonged high temperatures, as experienced during the Black Saturday bushfires in Victo...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.08.011
更新日期:2011-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was made on an experimental animal model of a death from anaphylaxis, in which postmortem changes in levels of histamine and 1-methylhistamine, in whole blood were measured. Instead of the usual immunological method administering compound 48/80, a degranulating agent of mast cell and the effect close...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(90)90233-o
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single metal deposition (SMD II) is a fingermark detection technique based on the use of colloidal gold. The technique has been simplified and optimised over the years to become more reliable, sensitive and user-friendly. Physical developer (PD) is a well-established detection method based on silver deposition from a ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.10.032
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the potential use of insects remains as toxicological indicators, we measured morphine in desiccated entomological materials using a radioimmunoassay method (Coat-A-Count Serum Morphine, Dade Behring, France) following enzymatic hydrolysis.First, enzymatic cuticle extraction of morphine (pronase digestion pre...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00428-5
更新日期:2001-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Following the introduction of limit values for blood alcohol and breath alcohol concentrations of 0.5 g/kg and 0.25 mg/L, respectively, as provided under s. 24 a of the German Road Traffic Act the question is whether also breath alcohol concentrations can be back calculated to the time of the traffic offence in cases ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.03.023
更新日期:2004-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Cannabis is the one of the most frequently detected drug in workplace drug testing and in cases of driving under influence of drugs, and there is a greater demand for sensitive, rapid and reliable methods for confirming the presence of this drug in biological samples. This paper describes an LC-MS-MS procedure for dir...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.05.004
更新日期:2011-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we report the chemical analyses of various non-pathological, tuberculosis and syphilis infected bone samples from different burial environments by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), in the framework of a general study of diagenesis. Dating human skeletal remains is one of the most importan...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.05.008
更新日期:2008-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::For almost three decades, the Association for the Recovery of the Fallen in Eastern Europe (Verein zur Bergung Gefallener in Osteuropa e.V., VBGO) has committed itself to the location, recovery, documentation, and identification of the missing victims of World War II. Through the tireless efforts of the VBGO volunteer...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110473
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The AmpFlSTR Identifiler kit has recently been accepted for use in DNA databasing of forensic samples in the FBI's National DNA Index System. In the present study, we used this kit to analyze the allele distribution of 15 short tandem repeat markers (STR) in individuals living in Caracas city, Venezuela. The allele fr...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(03)00259-7
更新日期:2003-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::Norway introduced legislative limits for driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) February 1st, 2012, to harmonize with the legislation on driving under the influence of alcohol. Per se limits corresponding to blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) of 0.02% were established for 20 drugs and concentration limits for gr...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.10.038
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study is to investigate the potential use of reconstructed three-dimensional multi-detector computed tomography (3D MDCT) imagery to distinguish between perimortem cranial trauma and postmortem cranial damage. A total of 45 crania were initially examined for the purpose of this study. The postmortem gr...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.03.032
更新日期:2013-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::The use of average curvature measurements for the forensic comparison of curly hairs has been reported, but a method, in which various types of hair form are quantitatively examined and objectively interpreted for hair comparison, has not been reported to date. In the present study, numerical data on hair form from Ja...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00450-4
更新日期:2003-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::Every year thousands of migrants die during the endeavour to reach the Italian coasts, making the Mediterranean the theatre of one of the greatest tragedies of mankind. Over 60% of these victims is buried unidentified: one of the reasons behind this is related to the specific difficulties and lack of strategies concer...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.01.029
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to evaluate histological features of freezing damages to human tissue after death, we froze samples of liver and heart tissue to temperatures of -12 degrees C, -28 degrees C and -80 degrees C, and stored them for 24 and 72 h, respectively, at those temperatures. After thawing and routine preparation for histo...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00043-2
更新日期:1999-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::Since 1970, traumatomechanics has been a focal point in research at the Institute for Legal Medicine and Traffic Medicine in Heidelberg. Here, the main topics are the understanding of the interrelation between mechanical strain and the resulting degree of injury; at the forefront of all interest is the determination o...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.04.082
更新日期:2004-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::The survival of the tiger (Panthera tigris) is seriously threatened by poaching to provide raw materials for traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Most highly prized are the tiger's bones, which are used in combination with other animal and plant derivatives in pills and plasters for the treatment of rheumatism and ot...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00045-2
更新日期:2002-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Forensic anthropology makes an important contribution to human identification and assessment of the causes and mechanisms of death and body disposal in criminal and civil investigations, including those related to atrocity, disaster and trafficking victim identification. The methods used are comparative, relying on as...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.08.015
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven Y-STRs loci including minimal haplotypes (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, and DYS385a,b) and two additional loci, namely DYS438 and DYS439 have been co-amplified in 100 healthy unrelated males of Chinese Yi minority ethnic group using the Y-PLEX 5 and Y-PLEX 6 kit, in order to investig...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.05.031
更新日期:2006-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) of bloodstains on hard, non-porous surfaces has found widespread use in crime scene analysis and reconstruction for violent crimes in which bloodshed occurs. At many violent crime scenes, bloody clothing is also found and may be analyzed. However, to date, there are no definitive meth...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.04.011
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the anthrax mail attacks of 2001, law enforcement agencies have processed thousands of suspicious mail incidents globally, many of which are hoax bioterrorism threats. Bio-insecticide preparations containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) spores have been involved in several such threats in Australia, leading to th...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.12.003
更新日期:2012-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::1,2-Indanedione treated fingerprints deposited on two substrates (thermal and carbonless paper) were swabbed and tested to determine the effect of the chemical on PCR-STR DNA typing. Samples from 10 post-treatment intervals were analyzed. Two extraction methods, Chelex and Qiamp, were used to determine the effect of e...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.06.071
更新日期:2007-05-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In cases of severe decomposition or skeletonization of a corpse after cerebral gun shot injury it is difficult to exactly reconstruct the bullet path in the brain. However, in case of murder or homicide this might become necessary to answer forensic questions such as the ability to move or other actions of t...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.08.012
更新日期:2013-12-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mandibular bone is an important part of the forensic facial reconstruction and it has the possibility of getting lost in skeletonized remains; for this reason, it is necessary to facilitate the identification process simulating the mandibular position only through craniomaxillary measures, for this task,...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.12.025
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is a growing medical concern in the United States. With the number of Americans suffering from hypertension increasing, the use of antihypertensives such as beta-blockers is increasing as well. In fact, three beta-blockers - atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol - were among the 200 most prescribed medicat...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.01.001
更新日期:2006-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes a repeatability test, comparing conventional X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses with the technique of quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD) as a determinant of mineral abundance. The conjunctive use of both methods allows specific mineral abundances to be matched between scene of crime (SOC) and sus...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.03.017
更新日期:2004-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::This case report describes novel methodology used to identify a 43-year-old post-mortem photo of a drowned male recovered from a London river in the 1970s. Embedded in an array of foils, police super-recognisers (n=25) possessing superior simultaneous face matching ability, and police controls (n=139) provided confide...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109910
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 1079 Japanese males were typed for the following 16 Y chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) markers: DYS456, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS389II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, Y GATA H4, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS448 using an AmpFlSTR(R) Yfiler PCR Amplification kit (Applied Biosystems)...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.01.032
更新日期:2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The increase in the use of photographs on individual identification credentials such as driving licences, credit cards, security passes and passports has led, for the purpose of criminal activities, to the falsification of genuine documents bearing photographs of the perpetrating criminal. These photographs may be use...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00290-5
更新日期:2000-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Human decomposition is a complex biological process driven by an array of variables which are not clearly understood. The medico-legal community have long been searching for a reliable method to establish the post-mortem interval (PMI) for those whose deaths have either been hidden, or gone un-noticed. To date, attemp...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.05.018
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00