Survival variability and population density in fish populations.

abstract：:The restriction of intermingling between specific cell populations is crucial for the maintenance of organized patterns during development. A striking example is the restriction of cell mixing between segments in the insect epidermis and the vertebrate hindbrain that may enable each segment to maintain a distinct iden...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu Q,Mellitzer G,Robinson V,Wilkinson DG

更新日期：1999-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane-bound receptors often form large assemblies resulting from binding to soluble ligands, cell-surface molecules on other cells and extracellular matrix proteins. For example, the association of membrane proteins with proteins on different cells (trans-interactions) can drive the oligomerization of proteins on t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wu Y,Vendome J,Shapiro L,Ben-Shaul A,Honig B

更新日期：2011-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Reinforcement learning models postulate that neurons that release dopamine encode information about action and action outcome, and provide a teaching signal to striatal spiny projection neurons in the form of dopamine release1. Dopamine is thought to guide learning via dynamic and differential modulation of protein ki...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lee SJ,Lodder B,Chen Y,Patriarchi T,Tian L,Sabatini BL

更新日期：2020-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The wavefunction is the complex distribution used to completely describe a quantum system, and is central to quantum theory. But despite its fundamental role, it is typically introduced as an abstract element of the theory with no explicit definition. Rather, physicists come to a working understanding of the wavefunct...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lundeen JS,Sutherland B,Patel A,Stewart C,Bamber C

更新日期：2011-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleosomal DNA is arranged in a higher-order structure that presents a barrier to most cellular processes involving protein DNA interactions. The cellular machinery involved in sister chromatid cohesion, the cohesin complex, also requires access to the nucleosomal DNA to perform its function in chromosome segregation...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hakimi MA,Bochar DA,Schmiesing JA,Dong Y,Barak OG,Speicher DW,Yokomori K,Shiekhattar R

更新日期：2002-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Spin dynamics in antiferromagnets has much shorter timescales than in ferromagnets, offering attractive properties for potential applications in ultrafast devices1-3. However, spin-current generation via antiferromagnetic resonance and simultaneous electrical detection by the inverse spin Hall effect in heavy metals h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li J,Wilson CB,Cheng R,Lohmann M,Kavand M,Yuan W,Aldosary M,Agladze N,Wei P,Sherwin MS,Shi J

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Only three elements are ferromagnetic at room temperature: the transition metals iron, cobalt and nickel. The Stoner criterion explains why iron is ferromagnetic but manganese, for example, is not, even though both elements have an unfilled 3d shell and are adjacent in the periodic table: according to this criterion, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ma'Mari FA,Moorsom T,Teobaldi G,Deacon W,Prokscha T,Luetkens H,Lee S,Sterbinsky GE,Arena DA,MacLaren DA,Flokstra M,Ali M,Wheeler MC,Burnell G,Hickey BJ,Cespedes O

更新日期：2015-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of misfolded proteins and mitochondrial dysfunction are pivotal factors that promote age-associated functional neuronal decline and neurodegenerative disease. Accordingly, neurons invest considerable cellular resources in chaperones, protein degradation, autophagy and mitophagy to maintain proteostasis an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Melentijevic I,Toth ML,Arnold ML,Guasp RJ,Harinath G,Nguyen KC,Taub D,Parker JA,Neri C,Gabel CV,Hall DH,Driscoll M

更新日期：2017-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Presenilin and signal peptide peptidase (SPP) are intramembrane aspartyl proteases that regulate important biological functions in eukaryotes. Mechanistic understanding of presenilin and SPP has been hampered by lack of relevant structural information. Here we report the crystal structure of a presenilin/SPP homologue...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li X,Dang S,Yan C,Gong X,Wang J,Shi Y

更新日期：2013-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), a much milder form of the disease where the age of onset can sometimes be as late as the third or fourth decade of life, are caused by mutations in the same X-linked gene, a 14 kilobase (kb) transcript which is spread over more than 2 megabases of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： England SB,Nicholson LV,Johnson MA,Forrest SM,Love DR,Zubrzycka-Gaarn EE,Bulman DE,Harris JB,Davies KE

更新日期：1990-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Large mammals, including humans, save much of the energy needed for running by means of elastic structures in their legs and feet. Kinetic and potential energy removed from the body in the first half of the stance phase is stored briefly as elastic strain energy and then returned in the second half by elastic recoil. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ker RF,Bennett MB,Bibby SR,Kester RC,Alexander RM

更新日期：1987-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 protease processes the Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins into mature structural and functional proteins, including itself, and is therefore indispensable for viral maturation. The mature protease is active only as a dimer with each subunit contributing catalytic residues. The full-length transframe region protease pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tang C,Louis JM,Aniana A,Suh JY,Clore GM

更新日期：2008-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:A short exposure of primary cultures of mouse mammary tumour cells to glucocorticoids results in at least a three-fold stimulation of mammary tumour virus (MTV) production. Specific interaction of glucocorticoids with the cytoplasmic and nuclear receptors can also be demonstrated. The biological potency of various ste...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shyamala G,Dickson C

更新日期：1976-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Measures to prevent sexual mucosal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 are urgently needed to curb the growth of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic and ultimately bring it to an end. Studies in animal models and acute HIV-1 infection reviewed here reveal potential viral vulnerabili...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Haase AT

更新日期：2010-03-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium influx through voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels is the normal physiological stimulus for the activity-dependent release of neurotransmitters at synaptic contacts. It has been postulated that presynaptic inhibition of transmitter release is due to a reduction in Ca2+ influx at the nerve terminal, which could res...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Toth PT,Bindokas VP,Bleakman D,Colmers WF,Miller RJ

更新日期：1993-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Reciprocal altruism refers to the exchange of beneficial acts between individuals, in which the benefits to the recipient exceed the cost to the altruist. Theory predicts that cooperation among unrelated animals can occur whenever individuals encounter each other regularly and are capable of adjusting their cooperativ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Seyfarth RM,Cheney DL

更新日期：1984-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) is a predisposition to hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands, and to hyperplasia or tumours of the anterior pituitary and the endocrine pancreas, and is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Here we map the MEN-1 locus to chromosome 11 by family studies, and demonstrate ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Larsson C,Skogseid B,Oberg K,Nakamura Y,Nordenskjöld M

更新日期：1988-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Histoplasma capsulatum, like many other fungal pathogens, is dimorphic: it exists as mycelia in the soil and yeast in animal hosts. Because only the yeast phase is parasitic, factors which affect morphogenesis have been of interest for understanding and controlling pathogenicity. In culture, the mycelial to yeast tran...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lambowitz AM,Kobayashi GS,Painter A,Medoff G

更新日期：1983-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuronal structure and connectivity underlying receptive field organisation of cells in the cat visual cortex have been investigated. Intracellular recordings were made using a micropipette filled with a histochemical marker, which was injected into the cells after their receptive fields had been characterised. Th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gilbert CD,Wiesel TN

更新日期：1979-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans and other animals must often make decisions on the basis of imperfect evidence. Statisticians use measures such as P values to assign degrees of confidence to propositions, but little is known about how the brain computes confidence estimates about decisions. We explored this issue using behavioural analysis an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kepecs A,Uchida N,Zariwala HA,Mainen ZF

更新日期：2008-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Growing evidence indicates a causative role of misfolded forms of the protein α-synuclein in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Intraneuronal aggregates of α-synuclein occur in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, the cytopathological hallmarks ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bartels T,Choi JG,Selkoe DJ

更新日期：2011-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Some bacteria are capable of extracellular electron transfer, thereby enabling them to use electron acceptors and donors without direct cell contact. Beyond the micrometre scale, however, no firm evidence has previously existed that spatially segregated biogeochemical processes can be coupled by electric currents in n...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nielsen LP,Risgaard-Petersen N,Fossing H,Christensen PB,Sayama M

更新日期：2010-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The yeast [PSI+] element represents a new type of genetic inheritance, in which changes in phenotype are transmitted by a 'protein only' mechanism reminiscent of the 'protein-only' transmission of mammalian prion diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms for both are poorly understood and it is not clear how simil...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu JJ,Lindquist S

更新日期：1999-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The size of plants is largely determined by growth of the stem. Stem elongation is stimulated by gibberellic acid1-3. Here we show that internode stem elongation in rice is regulated antagonistically by an 'accelerator' and a 'decelerator' in concert with gibberellic acid. Expression of a gene we name ACCELERATOR OF I...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nagai K,Mori Y,Ishikawa S,Furuta T,Gamuyao R,Niimi Y,Hobo T,Fukuda M,Kojima M,Takebayashi Y,Fukushima A,Himuro Y,Kobayashi M,Ackley W,Hisano H,Sato K,Yoshida A,Wu J,Sakakibara H,Sato Y,Tsuji H,Akagi T,Ashikari

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apolipoprotein B (apo B) is crucial for the transport of cholesterol in humans. It is a large secretory protein that mediates the uptake of low-density lipoproteins and renders several forms of lipid droplets soluble in the blood. The binding of lipid by apo B also prevents this hydrophobic protein from precipitating ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chuck SL,Yao Z,Blackhart BD,McCarthy BJ,Lingappa VR

更新日期：1990-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:In neuronal cells, opioid peptides and opiates inhibit neurotransmitter release, which is a calcium-dependent process. They also inhibit adenylyl cyclase, presumably via the membrane signal-transducing component, Gi, a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein). No causal relationship between these two events has ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hescheler J,Rosenthal W,Trautwein W,Schultz G

更新日期：1987-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Electromagnetically induced transparency is a quantum interference effect that permits the propagation of light through an otherwise opaque atomic medium; a 'coupling' laser is used to create the interference necessary to allow the transmission of resonant pulses from a 'probe' laser. This technique has been used to s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu C,Dutton Z,Behroozi CH,Hau LV

更新日期：2001-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Macroscopic mechanical oscillators have been coaxed into a regime of quantum behaviour by direct refrigeration or a combination of refrigeration and laser-like cooling. This result supports the idea that mechanical oscillators may perform useful functions in the processing of quantum information with superconducting c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Palomaki TA,Harlow JW,Teufel JD,Simmonds RW,Lehnert KW

更新日期：2013-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a major health problem, affecting 5% of the world population. Genetic factors are important in NIDDM, but the mechanisms leading to glucose intolerance are unknown. Genetic linkage has been investigated in multigeneration families to localize, and ultimately identify,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Froguel P,Vaxillaire M,Sun F,Velho G,Zouali H,Butel MO,Lesage S,Vionnet N,Clément K,Fougerousse F

更新日期：1992-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of a firm link between individual meteorites and their asteroidal parent bodies, asteroids are typically characterized only by their light reflection properties, and grouped accordingly into classes. On 6 October 2008, a small asteroid was discovered with a flat reflectance spectrum in the 554-995 nm wa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jenniskens P,Shaddad MH,Numan D,Elsir S,Kudoda AM,Zolensky ME,Le L,Robinson GA,Friedrich JM,Rumble D,Steele A,Chesley SR,Fitzsimmons A,Duddy S,Hsieh HH,Ramsay G,Brown PG,Edwards WN,Tagliaferri E,Boslough MB,Spaldi

更新日期：2009-03-26 00:00:00