Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Patients suffering from Crohn's disease (CD) show increased incidence of low bone mineral density. Investigating this complication is difficult because the exact etiology of CD remains elusive. Mice carrying a deletion in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) AU-rich elements (ARE) are reported as a model for human CD and are characterized by elevated TNF-alpha levels and inflammations in the terminal ileum. To evaluate whether these mice have a Ca(2+) handling problem, this study analyzed the Ca(2+) homeostasis in heterozygous TNF(DeltaARE) mice (TNF(DeltaARE/+)) in comparison to wildtype littermates. METHODS:Beside serum Ca(2+) and vitamin D levels, the expression of Ca(2+) transporters was analyzed in intestine, kidney and bone using quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Bone scans were performed to measure bone parameters. RESULTS:Ca(2+) transporters in duodenum (TRPV6, calbindin-D(9K), PMCA1b) and kidney (TRPV5, calbindin-D(28K), NCX1) showed significantly reduced mRNA expression levels in TNP(DeltaARE/+) mice, except for renal TRPV5. In bone, only calbindin-D(9K) mRNA displayed a significant down-regulation. These findings were supported by declined duodenal calbindin-D(9K) and renal calbindin-D(28K) protein values. Likely, this down-regulation of Ca(2+) transporters in TNP(DeltaARE/+) mice is mediated by the 58 +/- 9% reduction in serum 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) levels. Diminished expression of Ca(2+) transporters combined with unchanged serum Ca(2+) levels assumes Ca(2+) loss from bone to compensate for the body's overall Ca(2+) shortage. Indeed, microcomputed tomography scanning demonstrated reduced trabecular and corticol bone thickness and volume in TNF(DeltaARE/+) mice. This finding is further supported by increased total deoxypyridinoline in serum. CONCLUSIONS:Our results imply that TNF(DeltaARE/+) mice have a disturbed Ca(2+) homeostasis characterized by reduced duodenal and renal Ca(2+) transporters, diminished 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) levels, and increased bone resorption associated with profound bone abnormalities.
journal_name
Inflamm Bowel Disjournal_title
Inflammatory bowel diseasesauthors
Huybers S,Apostolaki M,van der Eerden BC,Kollias G,Naber TH,Bindels RJ,Hoenderop JGdoi
10.1002/ibd.20385subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-06-01 00:00:00pages
803-11issue
6eissn
1078-0998issn
1536-4844journal_volume
14pub_type
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