Abstract：
:The genome of germline committed cells is thought to be protected by mechanisms of transcriptional silencing, posing a barrier to transgenesis using cultured germline cells. We found that selection for transgene integration into the primordial germ cell genome required that the transgenes be flanked by the chicken beta-globin insulator. However, integration frequency was low, and sequencing of the insertion sites revealed that the transgenes preferentially inserted into active promoter regions, implying that silencing prohibited recovery of insertions in other regions. Much higher frequencies of integration were achieved when the phiC31 integrase was used to insert transgenes into endogenous pseudo attP sites. Despite the evidence for transcriptional silencing in PGCs, gene targeting of a nonexpressed gene was also achieved. The ability to make genetic modifications in PGCs provides unprecedented opportunities to study the biology of PGCs, as well as produce transgenic chickens for applications in biotechnology and developmental biology.
journal_name
Mol Reprod Devjournal_title
Molecular reproduction and developmentauthors
Leighton PA,van de Lavoir MC,Diamond JH,Xia C,Etches RJdoi
10.1002/mrd.20859subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-07-01 00:00:00pages
1163-75issue
7eissn
1040-452Xissn
1098-2795journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Under the influence of gonadotropins or growth factors, a close cooperation develops between cumulus cells and the oocyte that is implicated in transmitting signals involved in maintaining or releasing the meiotic arrest in the oocyte. While cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) is a key molecule in maintaining the...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/mrd.21332
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A porcine interleukin-6 (pIL-6) cDNA has been cloned from pig spleen cDNA library to provide information that would allow us to study IL-6 mRNA expression during pregnancy of several domestic Artiodactyla. The cDNA is 1058 bp long and with a single open reading frame that encodes a 212 amino acid polypeptide with 28-r...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080320404
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oocyte maturation is an important process required to achieve optimal oocyte quality, and later affects fertilization potential and subsequent embryo development. The maturation process includes synchronized nuclear and cytoplasmic remodeling, in which cytoskeletal and centrosome dynamics play an important role and si...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/mrd.21380
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cattle consuming endophyte-infected tall fescue grass have an associated reduction in circulating progesterone and reduced reproductive rates. In this study, commercially available rat microarrays were used to analyze the gene expression in luteal tissues from heifers fed endophyte-free fescue, endophyte-infected fesc...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.10395
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse egg activation, which includes release from meiotic metaphase II arrest, results from fertilization-induced increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). However, during egg activation caused by exposure to the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, [Ca2+]i did not change. Although eggs fertili...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080410218
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of somatic cells on oocyte penetrability was studied during in vitro maturation. Four experiments were carried out. In the first, pig oocytes were fertilized in vitro immediately after collection (immature oocytes) or after being cultured for 44 hr with cumulus cells connected to the whole wall of the ex...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080290107
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following Northern analysis, GGT mRNA was found predominantly within the caput epididymides and kidney. The size of mRNAs for kidney, caput, corpus, and ductus deferens were 2.2, 2.3, 2.2, and 2.3 kb, respectively, whereas cauda showed a doublet of 2.2 and 2.3 kb. GGT transpeptidation and hydrolytic activity within ep...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080280107
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Izumo, a sperm membrane protein, is essential for gamete fusion in the mouse. It has an Immunoglobulin (Ig) domain and an N-terminal domain for which neither the functions nor homologous sequences are known. In the present work we identified three novel proteins showing an N-terminal domain with significant homology t...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.21092
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are used widely as a model system for studying the expression of developmentally regulated genes, in particular genes that are regulated at the transcriptional level when EC cells differentiate. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms that govern the transcription of the fibrobla...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199810)51:2<218::AID-MRD12
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many methods for efficient production of transgenic animals for biomedical research have been developed. Despite great improvements in transgenesis rates resulting from the use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), the ICSI-based sperm-mediated gene-transfer (iSMGT) technique is still not optimal in terms of spe...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22158
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have cloned and sequenced the bovine NALP9 cDNA, which contains a 2991 bp long open reading frame with 76% homology to its human counterpart. The putative 996 amino acids protein presents the domain organization typical of the Nacht, Leucine rich repeat and Pyrin domain containing (NALP) family that includes the ma...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20298
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although placental transfer of maternal calcium (Ca(2+)) is a crucial process for fetal development, the biochemical mechanisms are not completely elucidated. Especially, mechanisms of syncytiotrophoblast Ca(2+) extrusion into fetal circulation remain to be established. In the current study we have investigated the ch...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.10303
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To improve in vitro maturation and to understand the mechanism for meiotic resumption of oocytes, meiotic progression, and its control by hypoxanthine (HX) were studied in goat oocytes. Ovaries were obtained from a local abattoir, and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and follicular fluid were collected from follicles o...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.10355
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present series of experiments was to investigate the effect of the size of follicle from which the oocytes originate on their subsequent in vitro developmental ability. Ovarian follicles were isolated and grouped according to size (2-6 mm, > 6 mm). Primary oocytes were carefully liberated and grouped ac...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080370107
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Topoisomerase II (topo II) is an essential enzyme that alters DNA topology. This activity is important for a variety of chromosome functions including DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromosome condensation and segregation. Previously we localized topo II in mouse gametes and preimplantation embryos...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.10015
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The text below is a transcript of the keynote address Kenneth Manning gave at the symposium honoring E. E. Just that was held on the campus of Howard University on November 21, 2008. In his talk, Manning reflects on his experiences researching and writing Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just, his p...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.21087
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of microtubules was studied during fertilization of the rabbit oocyte by immunofluorescence microscopy after staining with an anti-alpha-tubulin antibody. In ovulated oocytes, microtubules were found exclusively in the meiotic spindle. At fertilization, the paternal centrosome generated sperm astral m...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080320313
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Testis-specific protein kinases are important because of their potential role in spermiogenesis, sperm maturation, and sperm function. In the present study, a novel serine-threonine kinase with high identity to human serine-threonine kinase 31 (STK31) was cloned from equine testis and expression of the protein was cha...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20792
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonic stem (ES) cell lines are routinely derived from in vivo produced blastocysts. We investigated the efficiency of ES cells derivation from in vitro produced blastocysts either in monoculture or sequential culture. Zygotes from hybrid F1 B6D2 mice were cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage in Potassium (K(+...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20512
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These experiments were designed to test the effects of an electrofusion and an electroporation pulse on bovine sperm-hamster egg development. In experiment 1, single motile sperm were injected into the perivitelline space of each egg. A 4,500 V/cm, 30 microseconds fusion pulse (FP) was applied while sperm-egg membrane...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080270212
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was reported that a hamster protein, called "oscillin," with a sequence related to that of an Escherichia coli GNPDA triggered Ca(2+) oscillations in mammalian oocytes when introduced into their cytoplasm upon fertilization. Recently, it was shown that GNPDA/oscillin is ubiquitously expressed in rat tissues and tha...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/1098-2795(200007)56:3<424::AID-MRD13>3.0.C
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fully grown immature oocytes acquire the ability to be fertilized with sperm after meiotic maturation, which is finally accomplished by the formation and activation of the maturation-promoting factor (MPF). MPF is the complex of Cdc2 and cyclin B, and its function in promoting metaphase is common among species. The Mo...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/1098-2795(200009)57:1<88::AID-MRD12>3.0.CO
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to examine the recovery of mitochondrial function and endogenous antioxidant systems in vitrified oocytes during extended incubations. After 16 hr of in vitro maturation, bovine meiosis-II oocytes were vitrified, and then surviving oocytes were cultured an additional 8 hr. ATP content, ATP synt...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.21389
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibulin-1 is a secreted protein associated with elastic matrix fibres and basement membranes. It plays a role in stabilizing blood vessels and can also regulate cell motility and invasiveness. We studied the regulation of the fibulin-1 gene in the rat and human endometrium, an organ where cyclic tissue remodeling and ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20079
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the origin of the sperm motility inhibitor (SPMI) from boar seminal plasma. SPMI was measured by its capacity to inhibit the motility of demembranated spermatozoa and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among the various reproductive and now reproductive tissues and fluids tested, onl...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080360411
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of ovine interferon-tau (oIFNtau) gene regulation, an anti-luteolytic factor produced by conceptuses of the ruminant ungulates, have been carried out, but a definitive mechanism for its spatial-temporal transcription has not been elucidated. Recently, specific binding regions for transcription factors AP-1 and...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.10293
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The red wolf (Canis rufus) is an endangered species with 194 individuals remaining in the wild and in various captive facilities. Breeding efforts at the Graham, WA site (Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium) have involved artificial insemination with fresh or frozen semen in an effort to increase population and maximize t...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080370413
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carp hyosophorin (HSP) is purified from oocytes. It is a highly glycosylated protein (10% protein and 90% carbohydrate) of high molecular weight (>100 kDa) and is localized in the cortical granules of oocytes. During cortical reaction carp HSP is exocytosed into the perivitelline space and is rapidly cleaved to the lo...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199903)52:3<288::AID-MRD6>
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcription factors inhibit or assist RNA polymerases in the initiation and maintenance of transcription; however, the cell specific expression and roles of transcription factors within bovine ovarian follicles during development are unknown. The aim of present study was to determine if the expression of transcripti...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20819
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among Sicilian stick insects, two hybridogenetic complexes have been discovered: Bacillus rossius-grandii benazzii and B. rossius-grandii grandii, which also produce androgenetic offspring. The egg maturation of the former is analyzed here through DAPI fluorometry, which, besides the assessment of the meiotic stages, ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080330302
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
