Nickel allergy--prevalence in a population of Swedish youths from patch test and questionnaire data.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:The prevalence of body piercing and orthodontic treatment has increased during recent decades. Such changes in lifestyle may influence the occurrence of nickel allergy. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of nickel allergy in a Swedish youth population. METHODS:In a cross-sectional survey, 6095 adolescents answered a questionnaire on their lifestyle and medical history, and 4439 consented to patch testing for contact allergy. Patch test results were adjusted for dropouts by a missing value analysis. RESULTS:The prevalence of self-reported dermatitis from contact with metal items was 14.8%. Patch testing showed nickel sensitization in 9.9% of the subjects, and in significantly more girls than boys, 13.3% versus 2.5%, respectively. Taking the dropout into account, the estimated true prevalence of nickel sensitivity evaluated by test reading at D4 is 11.8% in girls and 1.6% in boys. CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence of nickel sensitization was higher for girls and slightly lower for boys compared with previous Swedish data. Self-reported information on metal dermatitis as an estimate of nickel allergy has low validity. When possible, missing value analysis should be performed to account for dropouts.

journal_name

Contact Dermatitis

journal_title

Contact dermatitis

authors

Fors R,Persson M,Bergström E,Stenlund H,Stymne B,Stenberg B

doi

10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01257.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-02-01 00:00:00

pages

80-7

issue

2

eissn

0105-1873

issn

1600-0536

pii

COD1257

journal_volume

58

pub_type

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