Abstract：
:Hemocytes and the (prophenol-) phenoloxidase system constitute the immediate innate immune system in insects. These components of insect immunity are present at any post-embryonic life stage without previous infection. Differences between individuals and species in these immune parameters can reflect differences in infection risk, life expectancy, and biological function. In honeybees which show an age-related division of labor within the worker caste, previous studies demonstrated that foragers show a strongly reduced number of hemoctyes compared to the younger nurse bees. This loss of immune competence has been regarded advantageous with respect to an already high mortality rate due to foraging and to redistribution of energy costs at the colony level. Based on the idea that abandoning hemocytes in all adults would be a reasonably direct regulatory mechanism, we posed the hypothesis that abandoning hemocytic immunity is not restricted to worker honeybees. We tested our hypotheses by performing a comprehensive analysis of hemocyte number and phenoloxidase (PO)-activity levels in immunologically naive workers, queens, and drones. We found that in all three adult phenotypes hemocyte number is dramatically reduced in early adult life. In contrast, we found that the dynamics of PO-activity levels have sex and caste-specific characteristics. In workers, PO activity reached a plateau within the first week of adult life, and in queens enzyme levels continuously increased with age and reached levels twice as high as those found in workers. PO-activity levels slightly declined with age in drones. These data support our hypothesis, from which we infer that the previously reported reduction of hemocyte in foragers is not worker specific but represents a general phenomenon occurring in all honeybee adult phenotypes.
journal_name
J Insect Physioljournal_title
Journal of insect physiologyauthors
Schmid MR,Brockmann A,Pirk CW,Stanley DW,Tautz Jdoi
10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.11.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-02-01 00:00:00pages
439-44issue
2eissn
0022-1910issn
1879-1611pii
S0022-1910(07)00249-1journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The present studies confirm that storage carbohydrate synthesis from [1-(13)C]glucose is elevated in Manduca sexta parasitized by Cotesia congregata, despite a decrease in the rate of metabolism of the labeled substrate. Further, the results demonstrate that a similar pattern of carbohydrate synthesis and glucose meta...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(98)00007-9
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mating and immunity are two major components of fitness and links between them have been demonstrated in a number of recent investigations. In Drosophila melanogaster, a seminal fluid protein, sex-peptide (SP), up-regulates a number of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes in females after mating but the resulting effect ...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.10.010
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The oviposition of female locusts is a complex behaviour that includes a dramatic extension of the abdomen. The role of internal pressure during oviposition was investigated by monitoring the intra-tracheal pressure and the activity of selected longitudinal muscles, while movements of the abdomen were visualised with ...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(99)00103-1
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, we describe water balance requirements of blood-feeding arthropods, particularly contrasting dehydration tolerance during the unfed, off-host state and the challenges of excess water that accompany receipt of the bloodmeal. Most basic water balance characteristics during the off-host stage are applicab...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.02.014
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bruchid beetles infest various seeds. The seed coat is the first protective barrier against bruchid infestation. Although non-host seed coats often impair the oviposition, eclosion and survival of the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus larvae, morphological and biochemical aspects of this phenomenon remain unclear. Here...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.10.004
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The occurrence of climatic adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster is highlighted by the presence of latitudinal clines in several quantitative traits, particularly clines in adult heat knockdown tolerance that is higher in tropical populations. However the presence of latitudinal patterns in physiological characteristi...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.12.003
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diuretic activity of the helicokinins I (YFSPWG-amide), II (VRFSPWG-amide) and III (KVKFSAWG-amide) was tested on Heliothis virescens larvae. All three kinins increased fluid secretion in isolated Malpighian tubules in a dose-dependent manner. Injections into the haemolymph caused a significant reduction in weight...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(00)00065-2
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protapion trifolii and P. fulvipes (Coleoptera: Brentidae) are major pests in European clover seed production. Previous studies have reported a high host plant fidelity of these weevils for red and white clover species, respectively, driven by host plant olfactory cues. Given the specific host preferences observed in ...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.103948
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aedes aegypti utilizes blood for energy production, egg maturation and replenishment of maternal reserves. The principle midgut enzymes responsible for bloodmeal digestion are endoproteolytic serine-type proteases within the S1.A subfamily. While there are hundreds of serine protease-like genes in the A. aegypti genom...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.01.003
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pepck is a metabolic enzyme that participates in gluconeogenesis through the conversion of oxaloacetate into phosphoenol pyruvate. Numerous transcriptomic studies have identified Pepck as a potential key player during diapause and various stresses responses. Here, we describe expression patterns of both cytosolic and ...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2018.10.008
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oocyte counts, used as a measure of egg load, were compared among three different age groups (15, 30 and 45 days) of two polyphagous species of tephritid fruit flies, Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua, which were exposed to varying conditions of diet (sucrose vs sucrose and protein), availability of oviposition...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(01)00072-5
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of the following heavy metals, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), on haemocytes of the house fly Musca domestica L. was studied under laboratory conditions. House fly larvae were exposed to low or high, semi-lethal concentrations of metals. These particular metals were selected because t...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.02.012
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dormancy is a developmental arrest in arthropods, in response to unfavorable conditions in temporally varying environments. In Aedes aegypti, the supposed inability of eggs to inhibit hatching has been used to explain the restriction of this species to tropical and subtropical regions. However, the geographic range of...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.05.005
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electroantennogram (EAG) responses to the aphid sex pheromone components, (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol and (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone, and a plant volatile, (E)-2-hexenal, were investigated at three different positions (5/6th, 4/5th and 3/4th inter-segmental regions) along the antennae of four different morphs in two ...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(02)00082-3
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zabrotes subfasciatus larvae possess three alpha-amylase isoforms determined by in gel assays following SDS-PAGE. Two minor isoforms present lower electrophoretic mobility than the major form. When developed inside Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) seeds, fourth instar larvae have minor quantities of the slow-migrating isofo...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(01)00115-9
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The photonegative response to light stimulation in Rhodnius prolixus (Reduviidae, Triatominae) is modulated by compound eyes and ocelli. Screening pigments in the visual system have been shown to protect the cellular structures from the oxidative stress damage produced by blood ingestion and light stimulation. Red-eye...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.06.011
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overwintering freeze-tolerant larvae of Chilo suppressalis can survive at -25 degrees C, but non-diapausing larvae cannot. We reported earlier that to prevent intracellular freezing, which causes death in overwintering larvae of the Saigoku ecotype distributed in southwestern Japan, water leaves and glycerol enters fa...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.04.005
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analysis of extracts of hemolymph obtained from sexually mature alate females of Solenopsis invicta from monogyne colonies resulted in identification of juvenile hormone III (JH III). The average amount of JH III was 0.32+/-0.04 pmol/&mgr;molof hemolymph. Topical application of 0.038 pmol of JH III was sufficient to s...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(02)00055-0
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Larvae of the west-Japan type yellow-spotted longicorn beetle, Psacothea hilaris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), show a long-day type photoperiodic response at 25 degrees C; under long-day conditions, larvae pupate after the fourth or fifth instar, while under short-day conditions, they undergo a few nonstationary supernu...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(03)00167-7
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteases are predominant venom components of the ectoparasitoid Nasonia vitripennis. Two protease families, serine proteases and metalloproteases were examined for their possible cytotoxic functions in the Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) cell line using protease inhibitors that inactivate one or both protease families. ...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.05.004
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uvarov's theory of locust phase polymorphism implies a differential phase-specific gene expression. It was the goal of the present investigation to provide data on the molecular level for this concept. We used the technique of 2D gel electrophoresis to generate haemolymph polypeptide maps from mature locust males. Und...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(99)00095-5
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The midge, Belgica antarctica Jacobs, is subjected to numerous environmental stressors during its 2-year life cycle on the Antarctic Peninsula, and in response it has evolved a suite of behavioral, physiological, and life-cycle modifications to counter these stressors, but thus far only a limited number of biochemical...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.01.003
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modulation of liquid feeding-rate would allow insects to ingest more food in the same time when this was required. Ants can vary nectar intake rate by increasing sucking pump frequency according to colony requirements. We analysed electrical signals generated by sucking pump activity of ants during drinking solutions ...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2009.01.015
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple genetic and environmental factors interact to influence starvation resistance, which is an important determinant of fitness in many organisms, including Drosophila melanogaster. Recent studies have revealed that mating can alter starvation resistance in female D. melanogaster, but little is known about the be...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.09.002
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Midgut extracts from Aedes aegypti females exhibited hydrolytic activities against synthetic substrates for carboxypeptidase A, carboxyopeptidase B and leucine-aminopeptidase. The three activities showed a broad pH optimum, with maximum activities at pH between 6.5 and 8.5. Enzymatic activities were further characteri...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(01)00165-2
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are conserved cationic peptides which act both as defense molecules of the host immune system and as regulators of the commensal microbiome. Expression of AMPs is induced in response to infection by the Toll and Imd pathway. Under non-infected conditions, the transcription factor dFOXO di...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.04.006
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult male crayfish Procambarus clarkii exist in two morphotypes. They continue to molt as adults, switching between Form Is and Form IIs. Form Is are primary reproductive types, with large chelae and spines on the ischiopodites of the third and fourth pair of walking legs. Form IIs are non-reproductive types with sma...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2005.02.007
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Air flow rates may confound the investigation and classification of insect gas exchange patterns. Here we report the effects of flow rates (50, 100, 200, 400 ml min(-1)) on gas exchange patterns in wild-caught Glossina morsitans morsitans from Zambia. At rest, G. m. morsitans generally showed continuous or cyclic gas ...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2009.02.005
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important component of South Africa's malaria elimination agenda is identifying the entomological drivers of residual transmission, especially those that present opportunities for enhanced vector control. Seasonal mosquito density correlates directly with malaria transmission in South Africa. Transmission is highes...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.103942
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of genetically modified vectors refractory to parasites is seen as a promising strategy in the future control of endemic diseases such as malaria. Nevertheless, knowledge of mosquito embryogenesis, a pre-requisite to the establishment of transgenic individuals, has been presently neglected. We have her...
journal_title：Journal of insect physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1910(98)00154-1
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
