Abstract：
:No current therapy for Parkinson disease has been shown to slow or reverse the progressive course of the disease. As a departure from traditional treatments, gene therapy approaches provide a new hope for realizing this long-sought goal; but before they can be widely employed for use in patients, they must first be submitted to the rigorous safety and efficacy standards of the clinical trial. Some of the challenges of gene therapy clinical trial design are similar to those in studies of conventional pharmacological agents and include addressing the heterogeneity of the disease, the need for clinical and surrogate endpoints, and the issue of distinguishing "symptomatic" from "neuroprotective" effects. Gene therapy trials also raise the issues of the risks of viral therapy, issues of dose-response, the need for sham surgery, and the long duration of risks and benefits. We conclude that the most feasible designs are for those treatments that are expected to produce a rapid improvement in directly observable symptoms. Trials of agents which are expected to produce only a slowing of progression and not a reversal of the disease course are likely to take much longer and will require the development of methods to assess quality of life and other non-motor aspects of the disease.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Lewis TB,Standaert DGdoi
10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.08.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-01-01 00:00:00pages
41-7issue
1eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(07)00314-7journal_volume
209pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is known to bind to at least five receptors, including the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), very low density LDL receptor (VLDL-R), LDL-R, apoE receptor 2 (apoER2), and megalin/gp330. In this context, the main objective of the present study was to better understand ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2001.7684
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scopolamine and naloxone were administered singly and in combination to different groups of rats undergoing electrical kindling of the amygdala. Scopolamine significantly reduced the maximal seizure stage attained during 15 drug sessions and increased the total number of afterdischarges required to kindle a generalize...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90171-3
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paraoxonase-2 regulates reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria. Stimulating its expression has therapeutic potential for diseases where oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathology. Evidence suggests that the anti-diabetic drug pioglitazone may provide neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease, ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113234
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to compare the physiological properties of single neurons in the glabrous (G) and heterogeneous (H) subdivisions of primary somatosensory digit 3 cortex of adult raccoons. Extracellular recordings were obtained from 50 G neurons whose receptive fields (RFs) were confined to the glabrous skin ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(92)90059-y
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the formation of DNA adducts and oxidative base damage produced by copper sulfate activation of dopamine and 6-hydroxydopamine. In the presence of 10 microM copper sulfate both 100 microM dopamine and 100 microM 6-hydroxydopamine formed three similar DNA adducts with relative adduct levels of 8.36...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1997.6560
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several mutations in transthyretin (TTR) are related to familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), a neurodegenerative disorder caused by extracellular deposition of TTR fibrils, particularly in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). TTR is mainly synthesized by the liver and choroid plexus of the brain that contribute ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.08.019
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF) is well known to be involved in the development, survival, and maintenance of sympathetic and neural crest-derived sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Over the last 10-15 years, however, the role of NGF as a necessary trophic substrate for magnocellular cholinergic neurons in th...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(88)90231-2
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to early life stress (ELS), such as childhood abuse and neglect is a well established major risk factor for developing psychiatric and behavioral disorders later in life. Both prenatal and postnatal stressors have been shown to have a long-lasting impact on adult pathological states where the type and timing ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.09.001
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Novel strategies to improve hand function after stroke are needed. Electromyography-triggered functional neuromuscular stimulation (EMG-FNMS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are promising techniques to facilitate recovery of sensory-motor hand dysfunction after stroke. OBJECTIVE:To i...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.04.010
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral nerves have the unique capability to regenerate after injury. Insights into regeneration of peripheral nerves after injury may have implications for neurodegenerative diseases of the nervous system. In this study, we analyzed the expression and function of desmoplakin in peripheral nerve regeneration. Desmo...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.12.005
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of transgenic mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) allows the testing of neuroprotective agents. We evaluated the effects of five agents in transgenic mice with the G93A Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase mutation. A novel inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase showed no effects on survival. D...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2001.7633
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For most individuals, the respiratory control system produces a remarkably stable and coordinated motor output-recognizable as a breath-from birth until death. Very little is understood regarding the processes by which the respiratory control system maintains network stability in the presence of changing physiological...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.07.012
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease associated with a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in a large gene on chromosome 4. The gene encodes the protein huntingtin with a polyglutamine tract encoded by the CAG repeat at the N-terminus. The number of CAG repeats in HD are signific...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1998.6778
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chewing rhythms are set by a putative central pattern generator whose output is influenced by sensory feedback. In this study we assessed how an altered feedback imposed by changing the hardness of a gum bolus modifies the timing of chewing, the maximal gape, and the activity in the masseter muscle on the chewing side...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(86)90292-x
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonic substantia nigra grafts partially reinnervate the dopamine-denervated corpus striatum when implanted adjacent to that structure. This reinnervation is generally limited to a small portion of the denervated striatum and does not completely compensate for the behavioral effects of a 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90151-8
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secondary degeneration is a form of 'bystander' damage that can affect neural tissue both nearby and remote from an initial injury. Partial optic nerve transection is an excellent model in which to unequivocally differentiate events occurring during secondary degeneration from those resulting from primary CNS injury. ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.11.026
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most neurons in the dorsal neostriatum die 1 day after 30 min of cerebral ischemia. Dopamine may play a role in the pathogenesis of neuronal injury in neostriatum following ischemia. It has been shown that the number of surviving neurons in the right neostriatum dramatically increased following ischemia after lesions ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1999.7074
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in the human NOTCH3 gene cause cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), but the pathogenesis of CADASIL has remained unclear. Recently, endocytosis of the Notch ectodermal domain into ligand-expressing cells, called transendocytosis, has come to be...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.10.020
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zebrafish is an excellent model to study central nervous system (CNS) axonal degeneration and regeneration since we can observe these processes in vivo and in real time in transparent larvae. Previous studies have shown that Mauthner cell (M-cell) axon regenerates poorly after mechanical spinal cord injury. Inconsiste...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.028
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases affecting both neuronal and glial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of reactive oxygen species in glutamate-evoked activation of NF-kappaB in primary astrocytes. A prolonged exposure to glutamate (24 h) caused a de...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.01.014
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been >20 years since studies first revealed that the brain is insulin sensitive, highlighted by the expression of insulin receptors in neurons and glia, the presence of circulating brain insulin, and even localized insulin production. Following these discoveries, evidence of decreased brain insulin receptor num...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.12.007
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While acute spinal cord injury has been the object of intensive research, chronic spinal cord injury has received less attention although most clinical cases of spinal cord injury become chronic. We attempted to surgically "repair" chronic and acute spinal cord injury in a complete transection rat model using a multip...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.01.032
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infant rats were subjected to pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions on alternate days from 5 to 13 days of age. At 17 days of age, their susceptibility to the convulsant effects of hyperthermia was examined. It was found that previous pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions caused a significant facilitation in the devel...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(83)90398-9
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study uses the saphenous nerve crush model in Thy1-YFP mice and serial transcutaneous imaging to evaluate the rate of nerve regeneration under various FK-506 (tacrolimus) dosing regimens and in the presence of transgenic overexpression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Thy1-YFP transgenic mic...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.06.013
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients treated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), have been known to develop neuropathic pain. While there has been a major shift away from some neurotoxic NRTIs in current antiretroviral therapy, a large number of HIV patients alive today have previously rec...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.04.012
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breathing is a vital homeostatic behavior and must be precisely regulated throughout life. Clinical conditions commonly associated with inflammation, undermine respiratory function may involve plasticity in respiratory control circuits to compensate and maintain adequate ventilation. Alternatively, other clinical cond...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.07.022
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The monoclonal antibody Py has previously been shown to be a useful marker for subpopulations of neurons in the rat brain. However, the distribution of Py immunoreactivity in other regions of the CNS and PNS is not known. Here, we present a light and electron microscopic investigation into the distribution of Py immun...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1997.6509
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo studies have shown that high blood concentrations of pituitary-adrenocortical hormones can activate the hippocampal cholinergic terminals. Incubation of hippocampal synaptosomal preparations with methylprednisolone, or with ACTH at concentrations comparable to stress-induced high concentrations in plasma, did ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(87)90078-1
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In human diabetes, degenerative and functional disorders of the central nervous system, including depression, are common findings. Defective dentate gyrus (DG) neurogenesis is associated with affective-related disorders and depression. We previously demonstrated reduced DG neurogenesis in a pharmacological type 1 diab...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.11.009
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiments focused on the morphological interaction between serotonergic (5-HT) and noradrenergic (NA) axons during regeneration following partial axonal denervation in the cerebral cortex in adult rats. The denervation paradigm used employed two neurotoxins, one for 5-HT and one for NA axons, infused tog...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00221-8
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
