Abstract：
:Effects of predictability of threat on potentiation of the startle reflex were investigated by presenting participants with predictable and unpredictable electric shocks. Shocks were presented either paired with a visual cue (paired condition) or unrelated to the presentation of the visual cues (unpaired condition). In contrast to previous slower-paced studies, conditions alternated at a rapid rate: each context lasted 8.5 s and within these contexts the visual cues had a duration of 1.5 s. Results replicated previous findings: in the predictable condition, startle responses were augmented by a threat-signaling stimulus, and startle responses in the unpredictable condition were larger than in a neutral condition in which no shocks were presented. In all three conditions, visual stimuli that did not carry information about when a shock could be presented augmented startle reactivity. A control experiment showed that the effects of threat on the startle response could not be ascribed to attention and that the effects of the lead stimuli that did not signal threat are likely to be unrelated to the effects of threat. These results show that the fear system is modulated dynamically as a function of rapidly changing information about threat and emphasize the role of predictability of an aversive stimulus in the distinction between cue-specific and contextual fear.
journal_name
Biol Psycholjournal_title
Biological psychologyauthors
Mol N,Baas JM,Grillon C,van Ooijen L,Kenemans JLdoi
10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.05.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-01 00:00:00pages
43-51issue
1-2eissn
0301-0511issn
1873-6246pii
S0301-0511(07)00090-7journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:According to current theoretical models of working memory (WM), executive functions (EFs) like updating, inhibition and shifting play an important role in WM functioning. The models state that EFs highly correlate with each other but also have some individual variance which makes them separable processes. Sin...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.09.008
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mental chronometry, in which conclusions about human information processing are reached through measures of subjects' reaction time, has contributed substantially to studies of cognition and action. During the evolution of the chronometric paradigm, several key issues have emerged. The issues concern (a) the existence...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0301-0511(88)90013-0
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, to investigate the influence of incidental emotions on decision making in high-anxious individuals, participants were required to perform a monetary gambling task. Behavioral and electroencephalography responses were recorded to explore the stages of option assessment and outcome evaluation during decis...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.11.009
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study introduced a novel variant of the concealed information test (CIT), called the feedback-CIT. By providing participants with feedbacks regarding their memory concealment performance during the CIT, we investigated the feedback-related neural activity underlying memory concealment. Participants acquire...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.11.011
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trait extraversion has been theorized to emerge from functioning of the dopaminergic reward system. Recent evidence for this view shows that extraversion modulates the scalp-recorded Reward Positivity, a putative marker of dopaminergic signaling of reward-prediction-error. We attempt to replicate this association amid...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107735
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examines two novel aspects of appetitive processing and conditioning: the electrophysiological response to (a) the appetitive taste of a sweet fluid and (b) appetitively/taste conditioned visual stimuli. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 32 subjects while they performed a taste condi...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.12.008
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Event-related potentials (ERPs) to random sequences of tones delivered to the right and left ears were recorded during a pitch discrimination task which required subjects to attend selectively to one ear at a time and respond to occasional 'target' tones in that ear. The morphology of a long-lasting negative shift, ar...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0301-0511(81)90020-x
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107928
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of psychological stress and the Valsalva maneuver on short-term variations of intraocular pressure (IOP) were studied in 49 healthy adults. Psychological stress consisted of mental arithmetic tasks presented in counterbalanced order by computer and by the experimenter. Additionally, a standardized Valsalva...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0301-0511(99)00012-5
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our understanding of developmental changes in attentional selection in the growing child has been advanced substantially by the results of (a relatively small number of) studies undertaken from a psychophysiological perspective. The basic outcome of these studies is that, in attentional filtering as well as selective ...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0301-0511(00)00053-3
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Affective states might influence inhibitory control, a cognitive process fundamental for goal adaptive behavior. Here, we recorded high-density EEG while participants performed an antisaccade task, after the induction of a happy (n=20) or neutral (n=20) mood, to compare the same inhibition-related processes across the...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.07.004
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motivational states may be induced by affective foreground stimulation or via proprioceptive feedback by certain postures or body movements. In the present study, we addressed the question of an interaction between basic motor actions and the valence of visual stimuli in an affective modulation of startle paradigm: is...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.09.013
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroscience research indicates that individual differences in anxiety may be attributable to a neural system for threat-processing, involving the amygdala, which modulates attentional vigilance, and which is more sensitive to fearful than angry faces. Complementary cognitive studies indicate that high-anxious individ...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.07.005
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early semantic effects (<200 ms) for single word processing have been reported inconsistently, though not rarely, in the ERP literature. It may be hypothesized that the frequently reported later lexical effects are related to the lengthy processing of long/scarcely familiar words or task factors. In this paper, we hav...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.02.006
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between-person variability in pain sensitivity remains poorly understood. Given a conceptualization of pain as a homeostatic emotion, we hypothesized inverse associations between measures of resting heart rate variability (HRV), an index of autonomic regulation of heart rate that has been linked to emotionality, and s...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.10.004
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seventy-two undergraduates, 41 female and 31 male, aged 19-38, who had eaten breakfast had their blood glucose levels measured at 10.00 a.m. Following this they watched a presentation on safety when living away from home and had their recall of this material tested. Then half the participants imbibed a drink containin...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2008.02.008
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.07.002
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrodermal activity was monitored while 64 prison inmates were presented with a random series of fast and slow rise-time tones ranging in intensity from 80 to 120dB. The inmates were divided into groups on the basis of global ratings of psychopathy and scores on the Socialization (Os) scale. The group considered to...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0301-0511(78)90026-1
更新日期：1978-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0301-0511(93)90024-3
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cortisol has been found to increase in response to social evaluative threat. However, little is known about the cortisol response to induced anger. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the cortisol response to anger induction and its effects on performance and explicit memory. A variant of the Montreal Stress I...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.05.006
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased vascular reactivity to stress has been suggested to contribute to the greater risk for developing hypertension in African Americans. Here, we examined the way (hemodynamic profile) and the extent to which (compensation deficit) cardiac output and total peripheral resistance compensate for each other in deter...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.12.003
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the first experiment, somatosensory event-related potentials (SERPs) were recorded to tactile pulses and vibration bursts applied to the left middle finger in trains of 4-8 stimuli with 1 s intervals. In addition to the negative N140 deflection, also the positive P50, P100 and P300 waves attenuated in amplitude wit...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0301-0511(97)05249-6
更新日期：1997-08-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to examine the modulating effects of coping style on the response to psychosocial stress in remitted major depression (MD) and healthy controls. Thirty-three participants with a lifetime history of MD, who were in remission, and 32 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited from a...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.09.008
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years there has been an accumulation of studies that have utilized the measurement of event-related potentials (ERP) to examine the neuroelectric correlates of hypothesized alterations in information processing in persons with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The objective of this meta-analysis was to ...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.03.004
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review the evidence for a genetic basis of the cardiovascular and renal stress response. A bio-behavioral model of stress-induced hypertension is presented that explains how repeated exposure to stress in combination with genetic susceptibility might lead to the development of hypertension. In this model, we focus ...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0301-0511(02)00053-4
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theories of neuroaesthetics assume, that looking at traces of actions used in creating artwork (e.g. brush marks) is associated with a simulation of these actions in the observer's sensorimotor-cortex. The aim of the current study is to dissociate the activation of the sensorimotor-cortex by the observation of action ...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.01.010
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cool vehicle cabin temperatures can induce short-term non-hypothermic cold stress. The current study created a cold condition to examine the impact of cold stress on driving behavior. Forty-four participants drove a high-fidelity driving simulator during a thermal neutral or local torso cooled condition. Participants ...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.09.011
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of selectively attending to specific combinations of stimulus location and color were measured by means of event-related brain potentials in a trial-by-trial cueing paradigm. A symbolic precue was presented at the beginning of each trial indicating the response-relevant position and color of an upcoming impera...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0301-0511(95)05139-2
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obsessional-compulsive disorder has been conceptualised in terms of overattention to irrelevant details. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether this feature would be reflected in the 'early' CNV component. Sixteen obsessional patients and matched controls were tested in a motor-set CNV paradigm with a...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0301-0511(84)90057-7
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the relationship between the personality trait of harm avoidance (HA) and the dopamine D(2/3) receptor availability in striatal subdivisions using high resolution positron emission tomography (PET) with [(11)C]raclopride. Twenty-one healthy subjects completed 3T magnetic resonance imaging and high resoluti...
journal_title：Biological psychology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.02.011
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
