Chromosomally unstable mouse tumours have genomic alterations similar to diverse human cancers.

abstract：:In order to direct a movement towards a visual stimulus, visual spatial information must be combined with postural information. For example, directing gaze (eye plus head) towards a visible target requires the combination of retinal image location with eye and head position to determine the location of the target rela...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Snyder LH,Grieve KL,Brotchie P,Andersen RA

更新日期：1998-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory neuroscience seeks to understand how the brain encodes natural environments. However, neural coding has largely been studied using simplified stimuli. In order to assess whether the brain's coding strategy depends on the stimulus ensemble, we apply a new information-theoretic method that allows unbiased calcul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sharpee TO,Sugihara H,Kurgansky AV,Rebrik SP,Stryker MP,Miller KD

更新日期：2006-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the transcription factor FOXA1 define a unique subset of prostate cancers but the functional consequences of these mutations and whether they confer gain or loss of function is unknown1-9. Here, by annotating the landscape of FOXA1 mutations from 3,086 human prostate cancers, we define two hotspots in the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Adams EJ,Karthaus WR,Hoover E,Liu D,Gruet A,Zhang Z,Cho H,DiLoreto R,Chhangawala S,Liu Y,Watson PA,Davicioni E,Sboner A,Barbieri CE,Bose R,Leslie CS,Sawyers CL

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Topological states of matter are characterized by topological invariants, which are physical quantities whose values are quantized and do not depend on the details of the system (such as its shape, size and impurities). Of these quantities, the easiest to probe is the electrical Hall conductance, and fractional values...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Banerjee M,Heiblum M,Umansky V,Feldman DE,Oreg Y,Stern A

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IN 1969, Murozumi et al.1 demonstrated that the concentration of lead in Greenland snow had increased by a factor of 200 since ancient times, and concluded that most of this increase was a result of the use of alkyl-leaded petrol. Partly because of these findings, the United States and other western countries limited ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rosman KJR,Chisholm W,Boutron CF,Candelone JP,Görlach U

更新日期：1993-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The reaction mechanism of protein folding by the chaperonin GroEL and its regulator GroES has been defined. GroES and substrate protein counteract each other's effects on GroEL: whereas GroES stabilizes GroEL in the ADP-bound state, binding of unfolded polypeptide within the cavity of the GroEL cylinder triggers ADP a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Martin J,Mayhew M,Langer T,Hartl FU

更新日期：1993-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The foundations of mammalian development lie in a cluster of embryonic epiblast stem cells. In response to extracellular matrix signalling, these cells undergo epithelialization and create an apical surface in contact with a cavity, a fundamental event for all subsequent development. Concomitantly, epiblast cells tran...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shahbazi MN,Scialdone A,Skorupska N,Weberling A,Recher G,Zhu M,Jedrusik A,Devito LG,Noli L,Macaulay IC,Buecker C,Khalaf Y,Ilic D,Voet T,Marioni JC,Zernicka-Goetz M

更新日期：2017-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Concern about the levels of lead in blood is widespread. There is uncertainty, however, about the relative importance of the various environmental sources. Lead in petrol is widely assumed to be one of the most important sources and air and dust have been identified as the main routes to man. Water is regarded as an i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Elwood PC,Gallacher JE,Phillips KM,Davies BE,Toothill C

更新日期：1984-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of intracellular pH (pHi) is essential for normal cell function, and controlled changes in pHi may play a central role in cell activation. Sodium-dependent Cl-HCO3 exchange is the dominant mechanism of pHi regulation in the invertebrate cells examined, and also occurs in mammalian cells. The transporter...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Boron WF,Hogan E,Russell JM

更新日期：1988-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:When present in single-stranded DNA, palindromic or quasi-palindromic sequences have the potential to form complex secondary structures, including hairpins, which may facilitate interstrand misalignment of direct repeats and be responsible for diverse types of replication-based mutations, including deletions, addition...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Trinh TQ,Sinden RR

更新日期：1991-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Cpdm (chronic proliferative dermatitis) mice develop chronic dermatitis and an immunodeficiency with increased serum IgM, symptoms that resemble those of patients with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome and hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XHM-ED), which is caused by mutations in NEMO (NF-κB essential modulator; also known...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tokunaga F,Nakagawa T,Nakahara M,Saeki Y,Taniguchi M,Sakata S,Tanaka K,Nakano H,Iwai K

更新日期：2011-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Williams syndrome is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by an uncommon hypersociability and a mosaic of retained and compromised linguistic and cognitive abilities. Nearly all clinically diagnosed individuals with Williams syndrome lack precisely the same set of genes, with breakpoints in chromosome b...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chailangkarn T,Trujillo CA,Freitas BC,Hrvoj-Mihic B,Herai RH,Yu DX,Brown TT,Marchetto MC,Bardy C,McHenry L,Stefanacci L,Järvinen A,Searcy YM,DeWitt M,Wong W,Lai P,Ard MC,Hanson KL,Romero S,Jacobs B,Dale AM,Dai L

更新日期：2016-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Particle acceleration based on high intensity laser systems (a process known as laser-plasma acceleration) has achieved high quality particle beams that compare favourably with conventional acceleration techniques in terms of emittance, brightness and pulse duration. A long-term difficulty associated with laser-plasma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schwoerer H,Pfotenhauer S,Jäckel O,Amthor KU,Liesfeld B,Ziegler W,Sauerbrey R,Ledingham KW,Esirkepov T

更新日期：2006-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:C-type (Ca(2+)-dependent) animal lectins such as mannose-binding proteins mediate many cell-surface carbohydrate-recognition events. The crystal structure at 1.7 A resolution of the carbohydrate-recognition domain of rat mannose-binding protein complexed with an oligomannose asparaginyl-oligosaccharide reveals that Ca...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Weis WI,Drickamer K,Hendrickson WA

更新日期：1992-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Translation initiation determines both the quantity and identity of the protein that is encoded in an mRNA by establishing the reading frame for protein synthesis. In eukaryotic cells, numerous translation initiation factors prepare ribosomes for polypeptide synthesis; however, the underlying dynamics of this process ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wang J,Johnson AG,Lapointe CP,Choi J,Prabhakar A,Chen DH,Petrov AN,Puglisi JD

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long interspersed nuclear elements-1 (LINE-1 or L1s) are abundant retrotransposons that comprise approximately 20% of mammalian genomes. Active L1 retrotransposons can impact the genome in a variety of ways, creating insertions, deletions, new splice sites or gene expression fine-tuning. We have shown previously that ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Muotri AR,Marchetto MC,Coufal NG,Oefner R,Yeo G,Nakashima K,Gage FH

更新日期：2010-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Proximal spinal muscular atrophies represent the second most common fatal, autosomal recessive disorder after cystic fibrosis. The childhood form is classically subdivided into three groups: acute Werdnig-Hoffmann (type I), intermediate Werdnig-Hoffmann disease (type II) and Kugelberg-Welander disease (type III). Thes...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Melki J,Abdelhak S,Sheth P,Bachelot MF,Burlet P,Marcadet A,Aicardi J,Barois A,Carriere JP,Fardeau M

更新日期：1990-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The neural crest, a source of many different cell types in vertebrate embryos, has not been identified in other chordates. Current opinion therefore holds that neural crest cells were a vertebrate innovation. Here we describe a migratory cell population resembling neural crest cells in the ascidian urochordate Ecteina...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jeffery WR,Strickler AG,Yamamoto Y

更新日期：2004-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p(CO(2))) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO(2) where it is estimated to have caused a 30% incr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hall-Spencer JM,Rodolfo-Metalpa R,Martin S,Ransome E,Fine M,Turner SM,Rowley SJ,Tedesco D,Buia MC

更新日期：2008-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple sclerosis is commonly associated with a local humoral immune response within the central nervous system. A hallmark of this intrathecal response is the presence of electrophoretically demonstrable oligoclonal bands of IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of up to 95% of patients. Observations indicating that ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vandvik B,Norrby E

更新日期：1989-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:When a portrait is coarsely quantized into blocks, the block structure hides the face, although lower spatial frequencies of the original image sufficient by themselves for recognition are preserved. Recognition can be recovered by blurring the image, or otherwise attenuating the spurious higher spatial frequency comp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Morrone MC,Burr DC,Ross J

更新日期：1983-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals, one of the most pronounced consequences of viral infection is the induction of type I interferons, cytokines with potent antiviral activity. Schlafen (Slfn) genes are a subset of interferon-stimulated early response genes (ISGs) that are also induced directly by pathogens via the interferon regulatory fact...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li M,Kao E,Gao X,Sandig H,Limmer K,Pavon-Eternod M,Jones TE,Landry S,Pan T,Weitzman MD,David M

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been thought that mature oligodendrocytes in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) are post-mitotic and are unable to proliferate in response to injury. The implications of this have been profound, because it has been suggested that this failure of oligodendrocytes to undergo mitosis is perhaps ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ludwin SK

更新日期：1984-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Interchromosomal gene conversion between alleles has been shown in yeast frequently to be associated with the recombination of flanking genetic markers. Although this also holds true for gene conversion between two alleles of the yeast mating-type (MAT) locus, initiated by the homothallic switching system, we find no ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Klar AJ,Strathern JN

更新日期：1984-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluctuations in the counting rate of photons originating from uncorrelated point sources become, within the coherently illuminated area, slightly enhanced compared to a random sequence of classical particles. This phenomenon, known in astronomy as the Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect, is a consequence of quantum interferenc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kiesel H,Renz A,Hasselbach F

更新日期：2002-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane-enclosed organelles, a defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells, are lost during differentiation of specific cell types such as reticulocytes (an intermediate in differentiation of erythrocytes), central fibre cells of the eye lens, and keratinocytes. The degradation of these organelles must be tightly reg...

journal_title：Nature

authors： van Leyen K,Duvoisin RM,Engelhardt H,Wiedmann M

更新日期：1998-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Ligand-gated ion channels are multi-subunit complexes where each subunit-type is encoded by several related genes. Heterologous expression of any one of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) alpha-type subunits, either alone or with any beta-type subunit, typically yields functional nAChR channels. A ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ramirez-Latorre J,Yu CR,Qu X,Perin F,Karlin A,Role L

更新日期：1996-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Groundwater drawn daily from shallow alluvial sands by millions of wells over large areas of south and southeast Asia exposes an estimated population of over a hundred million people to toxic levels of arsenic. Holocene aquifers are the source of widespread arsenic poisoning across the region. In contrast, Pleistocene...

journal_title：Nature

authors： van Geen A,Bostick BC,Pham TK,Vi ML,Nguyen-Ngoc M,Phu DM,Pham HV,Radloff K,Aziz Z,Mey JL,Stahl MO,Harvey CF,Oates P,Weinman B,Stengel C,Frei F,Kipfer R,Berg M

更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gulf Stream transports large amounts of heat from the tropics to middle and high latitudes, and thereby affects weather phenomena such as cyclogenesis and low cloud formation. But its climatic influence, on monthly and longer timescales, remains poorly understood. In particular, it is unclear how the warm current ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Minobe S,Kuwano-Yoshida A,Komori N,Xie SP,Small RJ

更新日期：2008-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Many collective human activities, including violence, have been shown to exhibit universal patterns. The size distributions of casualties both in whole wars from 1816 to 1980 and terrorist attacks have separately been shown to follow approximate power-law distributions. However, the possibility of universal patterns r...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bohorquez JC,Gourley S,Dixon AR,Spagat M,Johnson NF

更新日期：2009-12-17 00:00:00