Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Sry is a gene known to be essential for testis determination but is also transcribed in adult male tissues. The laboratory rat, Rattus norvegicus, has multiple Y chromosome copies of Sry while most mammals have only a single copy. DNA sequence comparisons with other rodents with multiple Sry copies are inconsistent in divergence patterns and functionality of the multiple copies. To address hypotheses of divergence, gene conversion and functional constraints, we sequenced Sry loci from a single R. norvegicus Y chromosome from the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat strain (SHR) and analyzed DNA sequences for homology among copies. Next, to determine whether all copies of Sry are expressed, we developed a modification of the fluorescent marked capillary electrophoresis method to generate three different sized amplification products to identify Sry copies. We applied this fragment analysis method to both genomic DNA and cDNA prepared from mRNA from testis and adrenal gland of adult male rats. RESULTS:Y chromosome fragments were amplified and sequenced using primers that included the entire Sry coding region and flanking sequences. The analysis of these sequences identified six Sry loci on the Y chromosome. These are paralogous copies consistent with a single phylogeny and the divergence between any two copies is less than 2%. All copies have a conserved reading frame and amino acid sequence consistent with function. Fragment analysis of genomic DNA showed close approximations of experimental with predicted values, validating the use of this method to identify proportions of each copy. Using the fragment analysis procedure with cDNA samples showed the Sry copies expressed were significantly different from the genomic distribution (testis p < 0.001, adrenal gland p < 0.001), and the testis and adrenal copy distribution in the transcripts were also significantly different from each other (p < 0.001). Total Sry transcript expression, analyzed by real-time PCR, showed significantly higher levels of Sry in testis than adrenal gland (p, 0.001). CONCLUSION:The SHR Y chromosome contains at least 6 full length copies of the Sry gene. These copies have a conserved coding region and conserved amino acid sequence. The pattern of divergence is not consistent with gene conversion as the mechanism for this conservation. Expression studies show multiple copies expressed in the adult male testis and adrenal glands, with tissue specific differences in expression patterns. Both the DNA sequence analysis and RNA transcript expression analysis are consistent with more than one copy having function and selection preventing divergence although we have no functional evidence.
journal_name
BMC Genetjournal_title
BMC geneticsauthors
Turner ME,Martin C,Martins AS,Dunmire J,Farkas J,Ely DL,Milsted Adoi
10.1186/1471-2156-8-11subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-04 00:00:00pages
11issn
1471-2156pii
1471-2156-8-11journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BMC GENETICS文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:Retinal function is ordered by interactions between transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulators at the molecular level. These regulators include transcription factors (TFs) and posttranscriptional factors such as microRNAs (miRs). Some studies propose that miRs predominantly target the TFs rather than...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0201-4
更新日期:2015-04-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Typically, the first phase of a genome wide association study (GWAS) includes genotyping across hundreds of individuals and validation of the most significant SNPs. Allelotyping of pooled genomic DNA is a common approach to reduce the overall cost of the study. Knowledge of haplotype structure can provide ad...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-13-94
更新日期:2012-10-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several lines of evidence including allozyme analysis, restriction digest patterns and sequencing of mtDNA as well as mini- and micro-satellite allele frequencies indicate that Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from North America and Europe are genetically distinct. These observations are supported by karyotype ...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-11-105
更新日期:2010-11-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) possesses a large genome that contains 1.6 x 1010 bp of DNA. Isolation of a large number of gene sequences from complex gene families with a high level of gene sequence identity from genomic DNA is therefore difficult and time-consuming. Bacterial artificial chromosome ...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-8-18
更新日期:2007-05-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Glued gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes the homologue of the vertebrate p150Glued subunit of dynactin. The Glued1 mutation compromises the dynein-dynactin retrograde motor complex and causes disruptions to the adult eye and the CNS, including sensory neurons and the formation of the giant fiber sys...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-10-77
更新日期:2009-11-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To contribute to the knowledge of coleopteran cytogenetics, especially with respect to the genomic content of B chromosomes, we analyzed the composition and organization of repetitive DNA sequences in the Coprophanaeus cyanescens karyotype. We used conventional staining and the application of fluorescence in...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-13-96
更新日期:2012-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of estrogen-mediated neuroprotection in the relief of cerebral ischemic injury. The gene expression profiles were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using limma package in R software. ...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-018-0630-y
更新日期:2018-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:MUC4 is a type of membrane anchored glycoprotein and serves as the major constituent of mucus that covers epithelial surfaces of many tissues such as trachea, colon and cervix. MUC4 plays important roles in the lubrication and protection of the surface epithelium, cell proliferation and differentiation, immu...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-13-57
更新日期:2012-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ticks are a problem for cattle production mainly in tropical and subtropical regions, because they generate great economic losses. Acaricides and vaccines have been used to try to keep tick populations under control. This has been proven difficult given the resistance to acaricides and vaccines observed in t...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-019-0754-8
更新日期:2019-07-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Asparagus acutifolius L. is a dioecious and native plant species, widely distributed in the Mediterranean Basin. It is known for its fine flavour and could represent an important resource for cultivation programs in desert areas. Few molecular studies have been performed on this species. In the present paper...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-6-17
更新日期:2005-03-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sugar beet is an obligate outcrossing species. Varieties consist of mixtures of plants from various parental combinations. As the number of informative morphological characteristics is limited, this leads to some problems in variety registration research. RESULTS:We have developed 25 new microsatellite mark...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-11-41
更新日期:2010-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus, GC), as the highest-output fish in China, is economically important. The production of gynogenetic grass carp (GGC) will provide important germplasm resource for producing improved GC. At present, knowledge regarding the heterologous sperm DNA in gynogenetic offspring is...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-018-0712-x
更新日期:2019-01-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is responsible for detecting and addressing foreign pathogens inside the body. While the general structure of MHC genes is relatively well conserved among mammalian species, it is notably different among ruminants due to a chromosomal inversion that splits MHC type ...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-020-00889-5
更新日期:2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target binding sites affect miRNA function and are involved in biological processes and diseases, including bovine mastitis, a frequent inflammatory disease. Our previous study has shown that bta-miR-2899 is significantly upregulated in t...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-019-0749-5
更新日期:2019-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Our initial genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 20 promising candidate genes for milk fatty acid (FA) traits in a Chinese Holstein population, including PRLR, MOGAT1, MINPP1 and CHUK genes. In this study, we performed whether they had significant genetic effects on milk FA traits in Chinese Holst...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-019-0769-1
更新日期:2019-08-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:African Americans experience disproportionately higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes and related risk factors. Little research has been done on the association of ADIPOQ gene on type 2 diabetes, plasma adiponectin, blood glucose, HOMA-IR and body mass index (BMI) in African Americans. The objective of our re...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0319-4
更新日期:2015-12-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Two key questions in understanding the genetic control of behaviors are: what genes are involved and how these genes interact. To answer these questions at a systems level, we conducted high-content profiling of Drosophila larval locomotor behaviors for over 100 genotypes. RESULTS:We studied 69 genes whose ...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-017-0513-7
更新日期:2017-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Complex diseases are often reported along with disease-related traits (DRT). Sometimes investigators consider both disease and DRT phenotypes separately and sometimes they consider individuals as affected if they have either the disease or the DRT, or both. We propose instead to consider the joint distribution of the ...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-6-S1-S113
更新日期:2005-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Genotype data from the Illumina Linkage III SNP panel (n = 4,720 SNPs) and the Affymetrix 10 k mapping array (n = 11,120 SNPs) were used to test the effects of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between SNPs in a linkage analysis in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism pedigree collection (143 pedigrees; 1,6...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-6-S1-S85
更新日期:2005-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Selection for grain yield under drought is an efficient criterion for improving the drought tolerance of rice. Recently, some drought-tolerant rice varieties have been developed using this selection criterion and successfully released for cultivation in drought-prone target environments. The process can be m...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-14-12
更新日期:2013-02-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cytoplasmic effects on agronomic traits--involving cytoplasmic and nuclear genomes of either different species or different cultivars--are well documented in wheat but have seldom been demonstrated in rice (Oryza sativa L.). To detect cytoplasmic effects, we introgressed the nuclear genomes of three indica c...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-12-53
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Grain zinc and iron concentration is a complex trait that is controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL) and is important for maintaining body health. Despite the substantial effort that has been put into identifying QTL for grain zinc and iron concentration, the integration of independent QTL is useful for ...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0176-1
更新日期:2015-02-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is increasing evidence that the ability to adapt to seawater in teleost fish is modulated by genetic factors. Most studies have involved the comparison of species or strains and little is known about the genetic architecture of the trait. To address this question, we searched for QTL affecting osmoregu...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-12-46
更新日期:2011-05-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Growth and carcass traits are very important traits for broiler chickens. However, carcass traits can only be measured postmortem. Genomic selection may be a powerful tool for such traits because of its accurate prediction of breeding values of animals without own phenotypic information. This study investiga...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-014-0110-y
更新日期:2014-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epidemiological studies have indicated that obesity and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are strong cardiovascular risk factors, and that these traits are inversely correlated. Despite the belief that these traits are correlated in part due to pleiotropy, knowledge on specific genes commonly affecti...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-4-S1-S52
更新日期:2003-12-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Africanized honey bee is one of the most spectacular invasions in the Americas. African bees escaped from apiaries in Brazil in 1956, spread over Americas and by 1994 they were reported in Puerto Rico. In contrast to other places, the oceanic island conditions in Puerto Rico may mean a single introductio...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-14-65
更新日期:2013-08-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Drosophila central nervous system (CNS) is a convenient model system for the study of the molecular mechanisms of conserved neurobiological processes. The manipulation of gene activity in specific cell types and subtypes of the Drosophila CNS is frequently achieved by employing the binary Gal4/UAS system...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12863-020-00895-7
更新日期:2020-10-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alcoholism is a serious public health problem. It has both genetic and environmental causes. In an effort to gain understanding of the underlying genetic susceptibility to alcoholism, a long-term study has been undertaken. The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) provides a rich source of...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-6-S1-S131
更新日期:2005-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The high mobility group A1 proteins (HMGA1a/HMGA1b) are highly conserved between mammalian species and widely described as participating in various cellular processes. By inducing DNA conformation changes the HMGA1 proteins indirectly influence the binding of various transcription factors and therefore effec...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-9-49
更新日期:2008-07-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the four major oil crops in China. A sesame core collection (CC) was established in China in 2000, but no complete study on its genetic diversity has been carried out at either the phenotypic or molecular level. To provide technical guidance, a theoretical basis for furt...
journal_title:BMC genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2156-13-102
更新日期:2012-11-15 00:00:00