Duodenal levodopa infusion for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Abstract:

:Motor fluctuations are a common problem in the long-term management of Parkinson's disease (PD), resulting in disability and impaired quality of life. The relatively short serum half-life (approximately 90 min) of oral levodopa/carbidopa and its erratic absorption due to delayed and inconsistent gastric emptying (a non-motor feature of PD) are thought to be important factors in the development of motor fluctuations. Continuous infusion of levodopa/carbidopa directly into the small intestine of PD patients results in marked reduction of motor fluctuations by reducing plasma levodopa variability by an order of magnitude over oral therapy. Previously, the use of long-term intraduodenal infusion of levodopa/carbidopa was limited by the relatively large volumes of infusate necessitated by the low solvency of levodopa. The development of a micronized levodopa (20 mg/ml) and carbidopa (5 mg/ml) suspension utilizing a methylcellulose gel provides the high levodopa concentration and physical and chemical stability necessary for long-term enteral therapy. Clinical evidence indicates that a marked reduction of motor fluctuations and dyskinesias can be achieved and maintained by intraduodenal administration of this suspension. This article reviews the published data describing the efficacy and safety of duodenal levodopa, and discusses its current and potential role in meeting the needs of PD patients.

authors

Samanta J,Hauser RA

doi

10.1517/14656566.8.5.657

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-04-01 00:00:00

pages

657-64

issue

5

eissn

1465-6566

issn

1744-7666

journal_volume

8

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Cost-effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for autoimmune hepatitis.

    abstract::In > 80% of patients with autoimmune hepatitis, steroid therapy alone or in combination with azathioprine results in disease remission. Treatment response results in reversal of fibrosis and excellent long-term survival in many patients, whereas untreated patients may expect a 10-year survival of < 30%. The use of aza...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.7.2.145

    authors: Heneghan MA,Al-Chalabi T,McFarlane IG

    更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00

  • Current status in the pharmacological management of interstitial cystitis.

    abstract::Interstitial cystitis is a clinical condition occurring predominantly in women characterised by irritative voiding symptoms in the form of urinary frequency, urgency and pain. Patient symptoms have the potential to significantly affect quality of life, posing a challenge to some to perform activities of daily living. ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.4.11.1967

    authors: Lukban JC

    更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00

  • Empagliflozin and linagliptin combination therapy for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) fail to achieve the desired A1c goal because the antidiabetic medications used do not correct the underlying pathophysiologic abnormalities and monotherapy is not sufficiently potent to reduce the A1c to the 6.5 - 7.0% range. Insulin resistance and islet (...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2015.1114098

    authors: Triplitt C,Solis-Herrera C,Cersosimo E,Abdul-Ghani M,Defronzo RA

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Efficacy and safety of triple combination therapy for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an expert review.

    abstract::Introduction: The current recommendations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suggest to escalate from inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist (ICS/LABA) treatment to triple therapy in patients experiencing persistent breathlessness, exercise limitation, or exacerbation. The addition of ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1845314

    authors: Ritondo BL,Puxeddu E,Calzetta L,Cazzola M,Rogliani P

    更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00

  • The management of dermatomyositis: current treatment options.

    abstract::Dermatomyositis is traditionally classified as one of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. The traditional approach to the management of patients with dermatomyositis focuses predominantly on end points related to the systemic manifestations of this disorder, especially proximal muscle weakness resulting from myosi...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.5.5.1083

    authors: Sontheimer RD

    更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00

  • Asthma therapy during pregnancy.

    abstract::Numerous pregnant women suffer from asthma and the use of asthma medications during pregnancy may be a necessity. Although some information is known about the effects of asthma medications during pregnancy, there is still a significant amount of information to learn and particular attention is required when prescribin...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.4.7.1019

    authors: Demoly P,Piette V,Daures JP

    更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00

  • The pharmacogenetics of analgesia.

    abstract::Genomic variations influencing response to pharmacotherapy of pain are under investigation. Candidate genes such as (opioid)-receptors, transporters and other molecules important for pharmacotherapy are discussed. Drug metabolising enzymes represent a further major target of ongoing research in order to identify assoc...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.8.14.2235

    authors: Stamer UM,Stüber F

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacological management of renal fibrotic disease.

    abstract::Chronic kidney diseases frequently advance to end-stage renal failure, and the number of patients affected is steadily increasing worldwide. At the molecular level, progression of renal insufficiency correlates closely with ongoing pathological matrix protein expansion (i.e., renal fibrosis), in a manner independent o...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.7.4.377

    authors: Gaedeke J,Neumayer HH,Peters H

    更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00

  • Treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder with luteal phase dosing of sertraline.

    abstract::Sertraline (Zoloft, Pfizer Inc.) is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) which has been approved by the US FDA for the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). PMDD is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) which affects at least 5 - 8% of women of reproductive age. It is characterised by...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.4.11.2065

    authors: Halbreich U,Kahn LS

    更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00

  • Neratinib for the treatment of breast cancer.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Neratinib is an orally available, pan-HER inhibitor with clinical activity in patients with HER2-amplified and HER2-mutated breast cancer. Areas covered: A summary of publically available and relevant clinical data on neratinib. Expert opinion: Neratinib (N) is clearly distinct from lapatinib (L), a differ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2016.1244528

    authors: Prové A,Dirix L

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • Vancomycin for treatment of invasive, multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections.

    abstract::Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterial pathogen responsible for a variety of serious infections and is a frequent cause of nosocomial disease. During the last 60 years, S. aureus has developed increasing in vitro resistance to virtually all antimicrobials. In contrast, vancomycin has maintained a high degree of activity...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.8.9.1245

    authors: Pope SD,Roecker AM

    更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacological management of human respiratory syncytial virus infection.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the primary viral cause of respiratory diseases, leading to bronchiolitis and pneumonia in vulnerable populations. The only current treatment against this virus is palliative, and no efficient and specific vaccine against this pathogen is available. AREAS COVERE...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1806821

    authors: Kalergis AM,Soto JA,Gálvez NMS,Andrade CA,Fernandez A,Bohmwald K,Bueno SM

    更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacological management of malignant hypertension.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:According to current guidelines, malignant hypertension is one of the emergencies in hypertension. The definition requires the presence of bilateral retinal hemorrhages or exudates, with or without papilledema, acute heart failure and acute deterioration in renal function in severe hypertension. Patients w...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1732923

    authors: Lewek J,Bielecka-Dąbrowa A,Maciejewski M,Banach M

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Paracetamol and asthma.

    abstract::Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is one of the over-the-counter analgesics that is used frequently for the self-management of some of the common disorders. There seems to be two types of relations between paracetamol and asthma - paracetamol intolerance leading to bronchospasm in analgesic-induced asthmatics; and the relat...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.4.1.13

    authors: Karakaya G,Kalyoncu AF

    更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacotherapy of postpartum depression: an update.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common and serious illness that affects up to 14% of women in the first month after childbirth. We present an update on the pharmacologic treatment of PPD, although there continues to be a lack of large, randomized controlled trials (RCTs). AREAS COVERED:A review of the li...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2014.911842

    authors: Kim DR,Epperson CN,Weiss AR,Wisner KL

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • Recommendations for the management of migraine in paediatric patients.

    abstract::Migraine is a common and disabling condition in children and adolescents. The complexity of migraine on a pathogenetic and clinical level results from the interaction between biological, psychological and environmental factors. Appropriate management requires an individually tailored strategy giving due consideration ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.8.6.731

    authors: Balottin U,Termine C

    更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00

  • Olanzapine pamoate for the treatment of schizophrenia.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Nonadherence is still a major problem in the long-term treatment of schizophrenia. Long-acting injectable or depot atypical antipsychotics are associated with better maintenance. Olanzapine pamoate, available since 2010, is the second depot atypical antipsychotic. AREAS COVERED:This review covers data on ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2011.553193

    authors: Naber D

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • Recognition and effective management of autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injuries.

    abstract::Autonomic dysreflexia is a potentially life-threatening hypertensive medical emergency that occurs most often in spinal cord-injured individuals with spinal lesions at or above the mid-thoracic spinal cord level. It is a condition that remains poorly recognised outside of spinal cord injury centres, which may result i...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.8.7.945

    authors: Khastgir J,Drake MJ,Abrams P

    更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00

  • Non-insulin pharmacological therapies for treating type 1 diabetes.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Despite intensified insulin treatment, many persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not achieve glycemic and metabolic targets. Consequently, non-insulin chemical therapies that improve glycemic control and metabolic parameters without increasing the risk of adverse events (including hypoglycemia) are of int...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2018.1483339

    authors: Frandsen CS,Dejgaard TF,Madsbad S,Holst JJ

    更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00

  • Antimicrobial treatment of anaerobic infections.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Anaerobes are the most predominant components of normal human skin and mucous membrane bacterial flora and are, therefore, a common cause of endogenous bacterial infections. Because of their fastidious nature, they are difficult to isolate from infectious sites and are often overlooked. Anaerobic infection...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2011.576672

    authors: Brook I

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • An overview of lefamulin for the treatment of community acquired bacterial pneumonia.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Lefamulin is a novel antibiotic that belongs to the pleuromutilin class with excellent activity against all microorganisms, including atypical pathogens, that cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). AREAS COVERED:This article reviews the spectrum of activity, the main pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1714592

    authors: Falcó V,Burgos J,Almirante B

    更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00

  • Treatment of steroid-naive ulcerative colitis.

    abstract::The introduction of steroid therapy by Truelove and Witts in the 1950s revolutionized the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Corticosteroids are potent inhibitors of T-cell activation and proinflammatory cytokines and still represent the mainstay of therapy of patients with ulcerative colitis. About 15% of patients are ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656560902973728

    authors: Bossa F,Colombo E,Andriulli A,Annese V

    更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00

  • Intramuscular Midazolam for treatment of Status Epilepticus.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurological and medical emergency. It has high mortality and morbidity rates, which typically correlate with seizure semiology and duration; therefore, prompt and proper pharmacological intervention is paramount. In a pre-hospital setting, establishing venous access can...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2020.1810236

    authors: Riva A,Iapadre G,Grasso EA,Balagura G,Striano P,Verrotti A

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Therapeutic improvements expected in the near future for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: an appraisal of phase III clinical trials of schizophrenia-targeted therapies as found in US and EU clinical trial registries.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:In this review, the authors describe medications in phase III of clinical development for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, and provide an opinion on how current treatment can be improved in the near future. AREAS COVERED:Recent (post 2013) phase III clinical trials of schizophrenia-targeted the...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2016.1149164

    authors: Garay RP,Citrome L,Samalin L,Liu CC,Thomsen MS,Correll CU,Hameg A,Llorca PM

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • Combination dabrafenib and trametinib in the management of advanced melanoma with BRAFV600 mutations.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:In the 40-50% of advanced melanoma patients with tumors harboring BRAF V600E and V600 K mutations, BRAF inhibitors such as dabrafenib are a highly effective treatment. However, most patients develop resistance after several months on treatment. The addition of a MEK inhibitor, such as trametinib, to BRAF i...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2016.1168805

    authors: Spain L,Julve M,Larkin J

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • Oral ibandronate: a less frequently administered therapeutic option for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

    abstract::Osteoporosis is a severe condition, associated with significant disability as a result of fragility fractures and increased mortality. Oral bisphosphonates effectively reduce the risk of osteoporotic fracture and are generally well tolerated. Unfortunately, patient outcomes are often compromised by suboptimal therapeu...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.6.13.2301

    authors: Reginster JY

    更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical review of Clostridium difficile infection: an update on treatment and prevention.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become a significant healthcare-associated infection and is strongly associated with antibiotic use. Practice guidelines have recently been revised incorporating updated recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. AREAS COVERED:This review discusses ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1080/14656566.2018.1524872

    authors: Daniels LM,Kufel WD

    更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00

  • Emerging paradigms in targeted treatments for Asian patients with NSCLC.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:EGFR-targeted drugs have been successfully approved in many countries and have demonstrated higher efficacy and lower toxicity than chemotherapy in molecularly defined subgroups of patients. Significant advances in clinical trials and studies focusing on targeted therapies have rapidly developed in Asia. ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.2015.1040391

    authors: Ke EE,Zhou Q,Wu YL

    更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00

  • Management of hepatitis C virus-related arthritis.

    abstract::In recent years, hepatitis C virus-related arthritis (HCVrA) has been recognised as an autonomous rheumatic disorder. Two subsets of the disease have been identified: a polyarthritis involving small joints that resembles rheumatoid arthritis, but is usually milder, and a mono-oligoarthritis that shows an intermittent ...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.6.1.27

    authors: Palazzi C,Olivieri I,Cacciatore P,Pennese E,D'Amico E

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • Economic assessment in the management of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

    abstract::An increasing need for economic evaluations of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treatments exists. We performed a literature review on the currently available NHL economic evaluations, using PubMed and the Cochrane database. English and Dutch language papers on treatment in adults were selected. A total of 88 publications...

    journal_title:Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1517/14656566.5.12.2529

    authors: van Agthoven M,Uyl-de Groot CA,Sonneveld P,Hagenbeek A

    更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00