Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) is induced by VEGF as a negative regulator of angiogenic sprouting.

abstract：:A sensitive test for kinetic unfolding intermediates in ribonuclease A (EC 3.1.27.5) is performed under conditions where the enzyme unfolds slowly (10 degrees C, pH 8.0, 4.5 M guanidinium chloride). Exchange of peptide NH protons (2H-1H) is used to monitor structural opening of individual hydrogen bonds during unfoldi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kiefhaber T,Baldwin RL

更新日期：1995-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The rate of reproduction of deep-sea bacteria from six different capture depths between 1957 and 10,476 meters was studied as a function of temperature and pressure. The results showed the following: the true deep-sea bacteria of different depths have several characteristics, presumably evolutionally derived, distingu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yayanos AA

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial protein kinases (mPKs) are molecular switches that down-regulate the oxidation of branched-chain alpha-ketoacids and pyruvate. Elevated levels of these metabolites are implicated in disease states such as insulin-resistant Type II diabetes, branched-chain ketoaciduria, and primary lactic acidosis. We rep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Machius M,Chuang JL,Wynn RM,Tomchick DR,Chuang DT

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical activity increases energy metabolism in exercising muscle. Whether acute exercise elicits metabolic changes in nonexercising muscles remains unclear. We show that one of the few genes that is more highly induced in nonexercising muscle than in exercising human muscle during acute exercise encodes angiopoietin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Catoire M,Alex S,Paraskevopulos N,Mattijssen F,Evers-van Gogh I,Schaart G,Jeppesen J,Kneppers A,Mensink M,Voshol PJ,Olivecrona G,Tan NS,Hesselink MK,Berbée JF,Rensen PC,Kalkhoven E,Schrauwen P,Kersten S

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The cellular basis of the magnetic sense remains an unsolved scientific mystery. One theory that aims to explain how animals detect the magnetic field is the magnetite hypothesis. It argues that intracellular crystals of the iron oxide magnetite (Fe3O4) are coupled to mechanosensitive channels that elicit neuronal act...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Edelman NB,Fritz T,Nimpf S,Pichler P,Lauwers M,Hickman RW,Papadaki-Anastasopoulou A,Ushakova L,Heuser T,Resch GP,Saunders M,Shaw JA,Keays DA

更新日期：2015-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3), originally identified in a functional screen for mammalian proteins that activate heterotrimeric G protein signaling, is known to be involved in drug-seeking behavior and is up-regulated during cocaine withdrawal in animal models. These observations indicate a potential role ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Groves B,Gong Q,Xu Z,Huntsman C,Nguyen C,Li D,Ma D

更新日期：2007-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of uncertain pathogenesis characterized by a loss of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) dopaminergic (DA) neurons, and can be modeled by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Both inflammatory processes and oxidative stress may c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu DC,Teismann P,Tieu K,Vila M,Jackson-Lewis V,Ischiropoulos H,Przedborski S

更新日期：2003-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical studies have revealed that genetic variations in metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGlu3) affect performance on cognitive tasks dependent upon the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and may be linked to psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and addiction. We have performed a series of studies ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walker AG,Wenthur CJ,Xiang Z,Rook JM,Emmitte KA,Niswender CM,Lindsley CW,Conn PJ

更新日期：2015-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Lysine to methionine (K-to-M) mutations in genes encoding histone H3 are thought to drive a subset of pediatric brain and bone cancers. These high-frequency K-to-M mutations occur at sites of methylation on histone H3, and tumors containing the mutant histones exhibit a global loss of specific histone methylation mark...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jayaram H,Hoelper D,Jain SU,Cantone N,Lundgren SM,Poy F,Allis CD,Cummings R,Bellon S,Lewis PW

更新日期：2016-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Unilateral stimulation of human peripheral nerves activates the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) contralaterally and the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) bilaterally. We aimed at characterizing phase locking between SI and SII in response to electric stimuli applied once every 3 s to the right median nerve at the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Simões C,Jensen O,Parkkonen L,Hari R

更新日期：2003-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change impacts island communities all over the world. Sea-level rise, an increase in the frequency and intensity of severe weather events, and changes in distribution and health of marine organisms are among the most significant processes affecting island communities worldwide. On islands of the Caribbean and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Douglass K,Cooper J

更新日期：2020-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo phage display identifies peptides that selectively home to the vasculature of individual organs, tissues, and tumors. Here we report the identification of a cyclic nonapeptide, CPGPEGAGC, which homes to normal breast tissue with a 100-fold selectivity over nontargeted phage. The homing of the phage is inhibite...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Essler M,Ruoslahti E

更新日期：2002-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:This study demonstrates the presence of an N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyltransferase in human serum and in erythrocyte membranes. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine from UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine to a mucin receptor and 2'-fucosyllactose that have blood group H activity and may be responsible...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim YS,Perdomo J,Bella A Jr,Nordberg J

更新日期：1971-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibroblasts can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by application of transcription factors octamer-binding protein 4 (Oct4), SRY-box containing gene 2 (Sox2), Kruppel-like factor 4 (Klf4), and c-Myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc) (OSKM), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we repo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang G,Guo X,Hong W,Liu Q,Wei T,Lu C,Gao L,Ye D,Zhou Y,Chen J,Wang J,Wu M,Liu H,Kang J

更新日期：2013-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Bves is an integral membrane protein with no determined function and no homology to proteins outside of the Popdc family. It is widely expressed throughout development in myriad organisms. Here, we demonstrate an interaction between Bves and guanine nucleotide exchange factor T (GEFT), a GEF for Rho-family GTPases. Th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith TK,Hager HA,Francis R,Kilkenny DM,Lo CW,Bader DM

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well documented that human modification of the hydrological cycle has profoundly affected the flow of liquid water across the Earth's land surface. Alteration of water vapor flows through land-use changes has received comparatively less attention, despite compelling evidence that such alteration can influence th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon LJ,Steffen W,Jönsson BF,Folke C,Falkenmark M,Johannessen A

更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene encodes a cytokine whose activities have been implicated in many immunopathological processes, including the activation and differentiation of lymphocytes. Originally identified as a monocyte factor, our studies and those of others have demonstrated that B and T l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goldfeld AE,Flemington EK,Boussiotis VA,Theodos CM,Titus RG,Strominger JL,Speck SH

更新日期：1992-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Intercropping, which grows at least two crop species on the same pieces of land at the same time, can increase grain yields greatly. Legume-grass intercrops are known to overyield because of legume nitrogen fixation. However, many agricultural soils are deficient in phosphorus. Here we show that a new mechanism of ove...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li L,Li SM,Sun JH,Zhou LL,Bao XG,Zhang HG,Zhang FS

更新日期：2007-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Yeast mutants in which genes encoding subunits of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase were interrupted were assayed for their vacuolar ATPase and proton-uptake activities. The vacuoles from the mutants lacking subunits A (72 kDa), B (57 kDa), or c (proteolipid, 16 kDa) were completely inactive in these reactions. Immunological s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Noumi T,Beltrán C,Nelson H,Nelson N

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A key element for the development of suitable anti-cancer drugs is the identification of cancer-specific enzymatic activities that can be therapeutically targeted. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue transformation protein 1 (MALT1) is a proto-oncogene that contributes to tumorigenesis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hailfinger S,Lenz G,Ngo V,Posvitz-Fejfar A,Rebeaud F,Guzzardi M,Penas EM,Dierlamm J,Chan WC,Staudt LM,Thome M

更新日期：2009-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Spider-like forms of purified reovirus RNA have been characterized by electron microscopy. These structures contained 11.3 +/- 0.8 mum of double-stranded RNA and up to 20 arms, each of distinct length. Length measurements of 64 "spiders" suggest that in these structures the viral genome is folded fairly specifically. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kavenoff R,Talcove D,Mudd JA

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular mechanisms that initiate meiosis have been studied in fungi and mammals, but little is known about the mechanisms directing the meiosis transition in other organisms. To elucidate meiosis initiation in plants, we characterized and cloned the ameiotic1 (am1) gene, which affects the transition to meiosis and p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pawlowski WP,Wang CJ,Golubovskaya IN,Szymaniak JM,Shi L,Hamant O,Zhu T,Harper L,Sheridan WF,Cande WZ

更新日期：2009-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of heparan sulfate occurs within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex-trans-Golgi network by the concerted action of several glycosyltransferases, an epimerase, and multiple sulfotransferases. In this report, we have examined the location and interaction of tagged forms of five of the bio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pinhal MA,Smith B,Olson S,Aikawa J,Kimata K,Esko JD

更新日期：2001-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:There are well-recognized sex differences in many pituitary endocrine axes, usually thought to be generated by gonadal steroid imprinting of the neuroendocrine hypothalamus. However, the recognition that growth hormone (GH) cells are arranged in functionally organized networks raises the possibility that the responses...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sanchez-Cardenas C,Fontanaud P,He Z,Lafont C,Meunier AC,Schaeffer M,Carmignac D,Molino F,Coutry N,Bonnefont X,Gouty-Colomer LA,Gavois E,Hodson DJ,Le Tissier P,Robinson IC,Mollard P

更新日期：2010-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA sequence analysis of a region contained within a large, interspersed repetitive family of mice reveals a long open reading frame. This sequence extends 978 base pairs between two stop codons, creating a reading frame that is open for 326 amino acids. The DNA sequence in this region is conserved between three dista...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Martin SL,Voliva CF,Burton FH,Edgell MH,Hutchison CA 3rd

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gaseous phytohormone ethylene C(2)H(4) mediates numerous aspects of growth and development. Genetic analysis has identified a number of critical elements in ethylene signaling, but how these elements interact biochemically to transduce the signal from the ethylene receptor complex at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ju C,Yoon GM,Shemansky JM,Lin DY,Ying ZI,Chang J,Garrett WM,Kessenbrock M,Groth G,Tucker ML,Cooper B,Kieber JJ,Chang C

更新日期：2012-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A population of procollagen molecules has been isolated from the culture medium of a clonal line of calf dermatosparactic cells and shown to have the amino-acid composition, physical properties, and molecular structure consistent with collagen precursors. Although this procollagen population shares immunologic determi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanzer ML,Church RL,Yaeger JA,Wampler DE,Park E

更新日期：1974-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An in-depth knowledge of the interaction of water with amorphous silica is critical to fundamental studies of interfacial hydration water, as well as to industrial processes such as catalysis, nanofabrication, and chromatography. Silica has a tunable surface comprising hydrophilic silanol groups and moderately hydroph...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schrader AM,Monroe JI,Sheil R,Dobbs HA,Keller TJ,Li Y,Jain S,Shell MS,Israelachvili JN,Han S

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Dravet syndrome is a catastrophic, pharmacoresistant epileptic encephalopathy. Disease onset occurs in the first year of life, followed by developmental delay with cognitive and behavioral dysfunction and substantially elevated risk of premature death. The majority of affected individuals harbor a loss-of-function mut...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Richards KL,Milligan CJ,Richardson RJ,Jancovski N,Grunnet M,Jacobson LH,Undheim EAB,Mobli M,Chow CY,Herzig V,Csoti A,Panyi G,Reid CA,King GF,Petrou S

更新日期：2018-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of proteasome inhibitors to target cancer's dependence on altered protein homeostasis has been greatly limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. Analyzing data from thousands of cancer lines and tumors, we find that those with suppressed expression of one or more 19S proteasome subunits show intrinsic prot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsvetkov P,Sokol E,Jin D,Brune Z,Thiru P,Ghandi M,Garraway LA,Gupta PB,Santagata S,Whitesell L,Lindquist S

更新日期：2017-01-10 00:00:00