Abstract:
AIM:To investigate the apical anatomy of C-shaped canal systems in mandibular second molars by micro-computerized tomography (microCT) and stereomicroscopy. METHODOLOGY:Forty-four permanent mandibular second molars with a C-shaped root canal systems from a native Chinese population were scanned at 100 microm intervals by microCT at a resolution of 30 x 30 microm. The apical 5 mm of each tooth was reconstructed three-dimensionally for visualization and classification of the canal configuration using Vertucci's criteria. The main and auxiliary (accessory) foramina were examined under a stereomicroscope. RESULTS:Type IV and VIII canal configurations were most often found in the apical 5 mm of these canal systems. The prevalence of accessory canals, lateral canals, inter-canal communications and apical delta were 41%, 25%, 27% and 11%, respectively. Approximately 80% of C-shaped canals had 1-3 apical foramina; the prevalence of accessory foramina was about 48%. The mean distance between the main foramen and the anatomic root apex was 0.84 mm, and that between the accessory foramen and the apex was 1.61 mm. The mean (shortest and longest) diameters of major and accessory foramina were 0.19 - 0.32 mm and 0.07 - 0.10 mm, with a mean form factor of 0.73 and 0.82, respectively. CONCLUSION:The apical anatomy of C-shaped root canal systems in mandibular second molars is extremely complex with many anatomical variations.
journal_name
Int Endod Jjournal_title
International endodontic journalauthors
Cheung GS,Yang J,Fan Bdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01193.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-01 00:00:00pages
239-46issue
4eissn
0143-2885issn
1365-2591pii
IEJ1193journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract:AIM:To engineer systems using polyisoprene (PI) or polycaprolactone (PCL) and nanometric bioactive glass 45S5 (BG) that could create a hydroxyapatite interface and thus ultimately make the use of an endodontic sealer unnecessary. METHODOLOGY:Different composites using PI or PCL as matrix material were prepared with BG...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01772.x
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To present a case of osteomyelitis that was caused by the use of arsenic trioxide during root canal treatment in a mandibular left first molar. SUMMARY:Arsenic was once in common use to devitalize inflammed pulp tissue before root canal treatment. Its prolonged application or leakage leads to toxic effects beyond ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0143-2885.2007.01230.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chelating agents were introduced into endodontics as an aid for the preparation of narrow and calcified root canals in 1957 by Nygaard-Østby. A liquid solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was thought to chemically soften the root canal dentine and dissolve the smear layer, as well as to increase dentine ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2003.00754.x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to answer the question: For patients requiring apicoectomy (apicectomy/root-end resection) and retrograde (root-end) obturation (filling), which retrograde obturation (root-end filling) material(s) is/are the most effective, as determined by reduction in periapical radiolucency and eli...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00696.x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine the pain experienced by patients during root canal treatment and to correlate with age and gender, pulpal diagnosis, previous periapical status, dental characteristics and length of treatment. METHODOLOGY:One hundred and seventy-six patients (68 men and 108 women), with ages ranged from 6 to 83 years,...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01562.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the influence of post design and roughness and cement system (dual- or self-cured) on the retention of glass fibre posts. METHODOLOGY:Two tapered and smooth posts (Exacto Cônico No. 2 and White Post No. 1) and two parallel-sided and serrated posts (Fibrekor 1.25 mm and Reforpost No. 2) were adhesively ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01681.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate interfacial stress distribution in restored root filled teeth with various post lengths and crown heights. METHODOLOGY:Three-dimensional mathematical models of a root filled mandibular premolar tooth were constructed. Parts of the tooth structures were replaced with ceramic crowns having three crown...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12397
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine the influence of various irrigating solutions on the accuracy of the electronic apex locator facility in the Tri Auto ZX handpiece. METHODOLOGY:One hundred and forty teeth with single canals and mature apices, scheduled for extraction for either periodontal or prosthetic reasons in 76 patients were us...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01234.x
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of a resin-based glass ionomer as an endodontic sealer was studied in vitro. The root canals of extracted single-rooted human teeth with mature apices were prepared using a stepback technique. Subsequently, the smear layer was removed with 40% citric acid and the canals obturated using lateral condensation of ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.1992.tb01156.x
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the effects of a long period of oestrogen deficiency on the development of apical periodontitis in rats. METHODOLOGY:Wistar rats (n = 24), 3 months old, evaluated by vaginal cytology, were included in the study. Twelve animals were ovariectomized (OVX group) and the other 12 were sham operated (control...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12612
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The present randomized, controlled prospective study evaluated the histomorphological response of human dental pulps capped with two grey mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) compounds. METHODOLOGY:Pulp exposures were performed on the occlusal floor of 40 human permanent pre-molars. The pulp was capped either with Pro...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01485.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past few decades several authors have perpetuated the notion that nearly half of all periapical lesions are radicular cysts. A few studies, based on meticulous serial sectioning of periapical lesions retrieved in toto, have shown that the actual incidence of radicular cyst is only about 15% of all periapica...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.1998.00146.x
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the presence of resolvins E1 (RvE1) and D2 (RvD2) in teeth with primary endodontic infections and apical periodontitis, and to assess the influence of calcium hydroxide medication [Ca(OH)2 ], in association with 2% chlorhexidine gel (2% CHX gel), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the levels of RvE1 and R...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.13403
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aims of this study were to: (i) investigate the effects of Ledermix paste as an intracanal medicament on discolouration of immature teeth, (ii) examine whether the discolouring effects were related to the method of application, (iii) examine the effects of sunlight upon discolouration of immature teeth and (iv)...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00277.x
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This position statement on the management of deep caries and the exposed pulp represents the consensus of an expert committee, convened by the European Society of Endodontology (ESE). Preserving the pulp in a healthy state with sustained vitality, preventing apical periodontitis and developing minimally invasive biolo...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.13080
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the adhesive strength of Resilon to Next root canal sealant (Heraeus-Kulzer), a methacrylate-based root canal sealer, using a modified microshear bond testing design. METHODOLOGY:Flat Resilon surfaces of different roughnesses (smooth surface and surface roughness equivalent to 320-grit and 180-grit) we...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.01012.x
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::When operated in air, the sonic endodontic instrument produced a movement at the driver head which resulted in a large elliptical oscillation of the file. This motion had similar properties to ultrasonically operated files in that there was a distinct variability in the magnitude of the vibratory motion between files ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.1989.tb00910.x
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate differences in the root canal morphology of permanent mandibular molar teeth at various ages. METHODOLOGY:Four hundred and eighty permanent mandibular first and second molars were examined. First and second molars were divided into six and five groups, respectively, according to the age of the patie...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01428.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of the Root ZX and Elements-Diagnostic electronic apex locators when compared with radiographs for locating the canal terminus or minor foramen. METHODOLOGY:The canal terminus of 482 canals in 160 maxillary and mandibular teeth was located in vivo with both locators and radiographically. A...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01620.x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess the influence of cusp reduction and coverage with composite resin on the fracture resistance of premolars with prepared access cavities. METHODOLOGY:Endodontic access cavities were prepared in 60 premolar teeth that were divided into four test groups: R1, R2, R3 and NR (n=15). In all test groups, MOD cav...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01859.x
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the effect of three nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary systems with varying tapers on stress distribution and to analyse potential fracture patterns as well as the volume of fracture-susceptible regions in two-rooted maxillary premolars. METHODOLOGY:The root canals of three single-rooted premolars were pre...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12770
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To analyse the influence of exposure of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with and without calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on the push-out bond strength, over different experimental periods. METHODOLOGY:One hundred and twenty dentine discs with standardized cavities were filled with MTA...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12168
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the influence of root canal form on the sealing ability of two root canal sealers. METHODOLOGY:Twenty radiographically confirmed straight and 20 curved root canals were prepared with a stepback hand filing technique. Root canal aberrations created during preparation were determined by the use of double...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01079.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of three different types of root canal sealer on human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and a permanent hamster cell line (V79 cells). METHODOLOGY:Set specimens from two resin based sealers (AH26 and AHPlus), three zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers (Canals...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00459.x
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To report a case of reparative bone-like tissue formation in the tooth of a patient with systemic sclerosis. SUMMARY:A 58-year-old Japanese female patient with systemic sclerosis was referred because of tooth fracture. Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) revealed multiple root resorption and the unclear trans...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/iej.12914
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the impact of three irrigation protocols, activated by three different methods, on mature biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. METHODOLOGY:Root canals in 280 single-rooted teeth were instrumented using a rotary Ni-Ti system. Biofilms of E. faecalis were generated based on a previously establi...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12354
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate ex vivo the long-term sealing ability of the SE Resilon Epiphany system as an apical root-end filling material. METHODOLOGY:A total of 60 standardized horizontal bovine root sections were divided into three groups filled with either gutta-percha with AH 26, tooth-coloured mineral trioxide aggregate (MT...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01583.x
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thorough knowledge of anatomical complexities of the root canal system has a direct impact on the effectiveness of canal preparation and filling, and is an essential prerequisite for successful root canal treatment. A wide range of complex variations in root canal anatomy exists, including root canal configuration typ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/iej.12800
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To identify Gram-positive rods from root canals of teeth with apical periodontitis and to examine their associations with other species. METHODOLOGY:Consecutive root canal samples (RCSs) from 139 teeth undergoing root canal treatment were analyzed prospectively for cultivable microbes. Gram-positive rods in the f...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00845.x
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the effect of repeated sterilization cycles in dry oven or autoclave, on the mechanical behaviour and fatigue resistance of rotary endodontic Ni-Ti instruments. METHODOLOGY:New Ni-Ti instruments were subjected to five consecutive sterilization cycles in a dry oven or steam autoclave. Microhardness was ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01138.x
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00