Abstract:
:CPPs (cell-penetrating peptides) have given rise to much interest for the delivery of biomolecules such as peptides, proteins or ONs (oligonucleotides). CPPs and their conjugates were initially thought to translocate through the cell membrane by a non-endocytotic mechanism which has recently been re-evaluated. Basic-amino-acid-rich CPPs first interact with cell-surface proteoglycans before being internalized by endocytosis. Sequestration and degradation in endocytotic vesicles severely limits the cytoplasmic and nuclear delivery of the conjugated biomolecules. Accordingly, splicing correction by CPP-conjugated steric-block ON analogues is inefficient in the absence of endosomolytic agents. New arginine-rich CPPs allowing efficient splicing correction by conjugated PNAs (peptide nucleic acids) or PMO (phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer) steric blockers in the absence of endosomolytic agents have recently been defined in our group and are currently being characterized. They offer promising leads for the development of efficient cellular delivery vectors for therapeutic steric-block ON analogues.
journal_name
Biochem Soc Transjournal_title
Biochemical Society transactionsauthors
Abes S,Moulton H,Turner J,Clair P,Richard JP,Iversen P,Gait MJ,Lebleu Bdoi
10.1042/BST0350053subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-02-01 00:00:00pages
53-5issue
Pt 1eissn
0300-5127issn
1470-8752pii
BST0350053journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Colicins are proteins produced by some strains of Escherichia coli to kill competitors belonging to the same species. Among them, ColM (colicin M) is the only one that blocks the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, a specific bacterial cell-wall polymer essential for cell integrity. ColM acts in the periplasm by hydrolysin...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST20120189
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Formin family proteins (formins) represent an evolutionary conserved protein family encoded in the genome of a wide range of eukaryotes. Formins are hallmarked by a formin homology 1 (FH1) domain juxtaposed to an FH2 domain whereby they control actin and microtubule dynamics. Not surprisingly, formins are best known a...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20160187
更新日期:2016-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified two basic residues that are important for the recognition of secretin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) by their respective receptors. These two peptides containing an Asp residue at position 3 interacted with an arginine residue in transmembrane helix 2 (TM2) of the receptor, and the lysine r...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0300437
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucotoxicity plays a major role in pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis and diabetes progression, but the factors involved have remained largely unknown. Our recent studies have identified TXNIP (thioredoxin-interacting protein) as a novel pro-apoptotic beta-cell factor that is induced by glucose, suggesting that TXNIP may...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0360963
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many proteins self-assemble to form large supramolecular complexes. Numerous examples of these structures have been characterized, ranging from spherical viruses to tubular protein assemblies. Some new kinds of supramolecular structures are just coming to light, while it is likely there are others that have not yet be...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0350508
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invertebrates use a wide range of peptides as transmitters and hormones to regulate complex behaviour, physiology and development. These animals, especially those that are amenable to genetic study and are the subject of genome-sequencing projects, provide powerful model systems for understanding the functions of pept...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent progress in understanding the plant NE (nuclear envelope) has resulted from significant advances in identifying and characterizing the protein constituents of the membranes and nuclear pores. Here, we review recent findings on the membrane integral and membrane-associated proteins of the key domains of the NE, ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0380307
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immense power of the immune system is harnessed in healthy individuals by a range of negative regulatory signals and checkpoints. Manipulating these checkpoints through inhibition has resulted in striking immune-mediated clearance of otherwise untreatable tumours and metastases; unfortunately, not all patients res...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20150251
更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the amyloidogenic pathway, the APP (amyloid precursor protein) is proteolytically processed by the beta- and gamma-secretases to release the Abeta (amyloid-beta) peptide that is neurotoxic and aggregates in the brains of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease. In the non-amyloidogenic pathway, APP is cleaved b...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0330335
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the several signalling pathways regulated by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins, the one activating NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappaB) is certainly one of the best characterized. The regulation of the activity of this transcription factor by members of the ubiquitin family occurs at various levels, imposing ov...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0360853
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tetraspanins represent a large superfamily of four-transmembrane proteins that are expressed on all nucleated cells. Tetraspanins play a prominent role in the organization of the plasma membrane by co-ordinating the spatial localization of transmembrane proteins and signalling molecules into 'tetraspanin microdoma...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0390512
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Golgi complex (GC) has an essential role in the processing and sorting of proteins and lipids. The GC of mammalian cells is composed of stacks of cisternae connected by membranous tubules to create a continuous network, the Golgi ribbon, whose maintenance requires several core and accessory proteins. Despite this ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20190646
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::The GABAR [GABA(A) (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A) receptor], which mediates most inhibition in the brain, is regulated homoeostatically to maintain an optimal level of neuronal excitability. In particular, the alpha(4)betadelta subtype of the GABAR plays a pivotal role in this regulation. This receptor, which is exp...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0371378
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The statins, simvastatin and atorvastatin are the most widely prescribed drugs. Statins lower cholesterol levels through their action on HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA) reductase, an essential enzyme for the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Fungal HMG-CoA reductases are also inhibited by statins, resulting in red...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0351529
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding sites on human IgG1 for human Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R) I, Fc gamma RIIa, Fc gamma RIIb, Fc gamma RIIIa and neonatal FcR have been mapped. A common set of IgG1 residues is involved in binding to all Fc gamma Rs, while Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII utilize distinct sites outside this common set. In ad...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0300487
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reciprocal biochemical and biophysical interactions between tumor cells, stromal cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) result in a unique tumor microenvironment that determines disease outcome. The cellular component of the tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor growth by providing nutrients, assisting in the ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20180334
更新日期:2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::RNA degradation is a vital post-transcriptional process which ensures that transcripts are maintained at the correct level within the cell. DIS3L2 and XRN1 are conserved exoribonucleases that are critical for the degradation of cytoplasmic RNAs. Although the molecular mechanisms of RNA degradation by DIS3L2 and XRN1 h...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20160107
更新日期:2016-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Co-ordinated myocyte handling of calcium is essential for efficient excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. The calcium cycling activity can be modulated by adrenergic stimulation and subsequent phosphorylation. Important functional consequences of phosphorylation include a greater influx of calcium through the ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0340489
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of deep sequencing data allows for a genome-wide overview of all the small RNA molecules (the 'sRNome') that are present in a single organism. In the present paper, we review the processing of CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) RNA, C/D box sRNA (small non-coding RNA) and t...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20120276
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CPC (chromosomal passenger complex) performs essential roles in the regulation and co-ordination of chromosomal and cytoskeletal events during mitosis and meiosis. The first functional analyses showed evidence of a role of the CPC in the regulation of cytokinesis. In this review, I summarize what we have learned s...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0360367
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) has been successfully used to modify seed lipids in oilseed crops like soybean, canola and sunflower. Conventionally, PTGS has been induced by transforming the plants with either antisense or co-suppression constructs targeted against key seed lipid biosynthesis genes. A majo...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::IAPP has been postulated to have a role as a modulating factor in glucose homoeostasis and to be involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes. However, the normal physiological functions of the peptide remain obscure: exogenous IAPP acts on many experimental systems to modulate nutrient supply and metabolism but there ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0240594
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proline-rich cell-penetrating peptides, particularly the SAP (sweet arrow peptide), (VRLPPP)(3), have been proposed to be useful intracellular delivery vectors, as a result of their lack of cytotoxicity combined with their capacity to be internalized by cells. A common limitation of the therapeutic use of peptides is ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0350794
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::African trypanosomes have plastic genomes with extensive variability at the chromosome ends. The genes encoding the expressed major surface protein of the infective bloodstream form stages of Trypanosoma brucei and are located at telomeres. These telomeric expression-site transcription units are turning out to be surp...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0280536
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last 10 years, during the lifetime of the nitrogen cycle meetings, structural biology, coupled with spectroscopy, has had a major impact of our understanding enzymology of the nitrogen cycle. The three-dimensional structures for many of the key enzymes have now been resolved and have provided a wealth of info...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0330113
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The network of the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is set up by cytoskeletal control of the movement and remodelling of polygonal rings of tubules, bundles of tubules and cisternal regions. We have developed a new image analysis tool, persistency mapping, to understand the framework upon which the plant ER remodels. With t...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0380747
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD4+ effector T cells effectuate T cell immune responses, producing cytokines to orchestrate the nature and type of immune responses. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase IL-2 inducible T cell kinase (ITK), a mediator of T cell Receptor signaling, plays a critical role in tuning the development of these effector cells. In...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20190486
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a revolution in understanding animal development in the last 25 years or so, but there is at least one area of development that has been relatively neglected and therefore remains largely mysterious. This is the intracellular programmes and timers that run in developing precursor cells and change the ce...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0340663
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dynein is an AAA+ (ATPase associated with various cellular activities)-type motor complex that utilizes ATP hydrolysis to actively drive microtubule sliding. The dynein heavy chain (molecular mass >500 kDa) contains six tandemly linked AAA+ modules and exhibits full motor activities. Detailed molecular dissection of t...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0360131
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::VEGFs (vascular endothelial growth factors) are master regulators of vascular development and of blood and lymphatic vessel function during health and disease in adults. This family of five mammalian ligands acts through three RTKs (receptor tyrosine kinases). In addition, co-receptors such as NRPs (neuropilins) assoc...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20110689
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00