Abstract:
:Despite the fact that antidepressants represent the gold standard for the treatment of depression, not all patients treated with an antidepressant monotherapy achieve complete remission of depressive symptoms and functional recovery. Therefore, further examination of the components that may be involved in the action mechanism of antidepressants will benefit patients who show either no response or partial response by identifying their hidden functions and key roles in the therapeutic mechanism of antidepressants. The cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), which is a brain-enriched mRNA with a protein product(s) is an interesting neuropeptide in relation to the treatment of depression. CART mRNA is strongly expressed in the major limbic structures that modulate affect and anxiety as well as being a possible key target for the action of antidepressants. A bidirectional relationship between CART and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity has been accepted to date, which suggests that CART might efficiently bridge the interaction between the stress-related events and the neurobehavioral response. The regulation of the signal transduction pathways by CART by modulating neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), kinases (trkB), and neurotransmitters (5-HT), can also contribute to the treatment of depression. It might have an augmenting effect in the treatment of depression because it acts as a putative and potential neurotransmitter/cotransmitter that is involved in psychostimulant action as well. Finally, preliminary results suggest that CART directly controls the expression of major neurotransmitters such as serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine. Hence, further studies on therapeutic implications of CART for depression are warranted and will contribute to the development of newer selective antidepressants.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Pae CU,Lee C,Paik IHdoi
10.1016/j.mehy.2006.11.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
132-5issue
1eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306-9877(06)00822-Xjournal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The blockage of a vena cava filter (VCF) by the captured blood clots presents a serious problem to the patients. Commercially available cone-shaped VCFs such as the Gunther Tulip filter has an inherent structural flaw that leads the captured blood clots to be trapped in their front spire areas where the flow-induced s...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.08.028
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance (IR) is a common denominator of metabolic and hemodynamic disorders simultaneously present in one person and responsible for elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular incidents. According to the latest research, IR is present in 25-45% of the general population. Therefore...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
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更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eelier studies demonstrated the up-regulation of some transcriptional factors such as Oct4, Nanog, Sox2 in undifferentiated cancer cells. These transcriptional regulators are up-regulated in pluripotent cells, as well and are responsible for cell reprogramming in normal cells. It might be said that normal ce...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2014.09.014
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2006.03.021
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-9877(92)90007-y
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/mehy.2001.1336
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109558
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-9877(89)90033-9
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR). In the state of obesity, excess fat accumulates in the liver, a key organ in systemic metabolism, altering the inflammatory and metabolic signals contributing substantially to the development of hepatic IR. Current therapies for t...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109671
更新日期:2020-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Endometriosis is a common gynaecological disorder causing pain, infertility, and emotional distress. Evidence presented here suggests that abnormal production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is required for the establishment and maintenance of endometriosis and also is responsible for the associated infert...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00336-5
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) has emerged in the last thirty years as a critical complication of cystic fibrosis (CF) and is present in about 15% of CF patients with increasing prevalence with age approaching 50 for over 30 year olds. The mechanism of diabetes development in this group of patients is not ver...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2008.07.058
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic targeting of liver 5-aminolevulinate synthase (5-ALAS) by inhibition of heme utilisation by tryptophan (Trp) 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) or the use of tryptophan is proposed as a therapy of acute hepatic porphyrias. 5-ALAS, the rate-limiting enzyme of heme biosynthesis, is under negative feedback control by a smal...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109314
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2009.10.013
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genome imprinting has an essential role in normal embryonal mammalian development. Starting early in differentiation, the transcripts of certain human genes, e.g. the paternally-H19 and the maternally-imprinted IGF2, are expressed in specific tissues and organs during fetal life. In several malignant disorders, imprin...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-9877(94)90062-0
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical studies have shown that moderately intense physical activity effectively treats various types of depression. Beneficial effects have been reported in the acute phase of the disease as well as in a long-term perspective. In addition, epidemiological studies have shown that inactivity increases the risk of depr...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2012.10.007
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/mehy.2000.1232
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2013.06.030
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109262
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1054/mehy.2000.1140
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cannabis use has often been associated with various forms of psychosis. Today it is well established that everyone produces marijuana-like compounds known as endocannabinoids. The endocannabinoid system is a homeostatic regulator of all body systems including the nervous system. As a result, imbalances in the endocann...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2008.08.025
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2014.06.012
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.01.010
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.02.010
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-9877(92)90101-h
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-9877(95)90066-7
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This hypothesis agrees with Le Vay's suggestion that the two phenomena of childhood behavior and adult sexuality are induced by separate events rather than being two events in a single chain. However, it differs from Le Vay in that it includes the postnatal period, as being of crucial importance in the development of ...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0306-9877(96)90006-7
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00