Abstract：
:Sixteen hundred and thirty seven isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated over a two year period were serotyped using three panels of monoclonal antibodies. The isolates comprised 687 serogroup WI strains and 950 serogroup WII/III strains. The antibodies used in the panels were those developed by Pharmacia (Ph) and Genetic Systems (GS). The GS antibodies were used as two separate panels; the American (GS-A) panel which designates serovars by a simple numerical nomenclature and the Swedish (GS-S) panel which designates serovars by a more detailed descriptive nomenclature. Using only a single panel the Ph panel gave the greatest discrimination yielding 42 serovars compared with 28 serovars with the GS-S panel and 23 serovars with the GS-A panel. Using two panels in combination, the GS-A/Ph panel combination gave the greatest discrimination with 81 serovar combinations while a combination of the GS-S and Ph panels yielded 77 serovar combinations. A compilation of antibodies from all three panels yielded 90 serovar combinations. As the combination of GS-A and Ph panels gave a greater degree of discrimination than the combination of the GS-S and Ph panels we advocate that first-stage serotyping should be performed with the more widely used GS-A panel while second-stage serotyping should be performed with the Ph panel. We propose that serovar combinations should be reported using a dual nomenclature e.g. IA-1/Arost, IB-1/Bropt, IB-1/Bropyt etc. The use of such a dual system would allow "core comparison" between all centres while maintaining a degree of flexibility regarding the extent of discrimination required.
journal_name
Eur J Epidemioljournal_title
European journal of epidemiologyauthors
Moyes A,Young Hdoi
10.1007/BF00144994subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-07-01 00:00:00pages
311-9issue
4eissn
0393-2990issn
1573-7284journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Despite abundant literature the respective roles of psychosomatic status, personality, health perception, family environment, and sport activity in tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use have not been well known. To assess their roles, an epidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted in 3294 middle and high schoo...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007644331197
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The occurrence of saprophytic moulds in indoor environments and their potential hazards to human health are discussed. In addition to mesophilic species, xerophilic moulds appear to be common, often developing together with mites. Allergic and non-allergic symptoms are reported when patients are exposed to moulds in h...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00162313
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Based on recent epidemiological studies the need for a similar approach towards management of cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetics with different ethnic background can be questioned. We compared the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and 10-year absolute risk for a coronary heart disease be...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10654-004-5193-8
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine the tetanus immunity status of pregnant women at the time of delivery according to tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccination coverage during their most pregnancy. The serum anti-tetanus antibody levels of 493 mothers who had live births at a hospital in Ankara were determined by enzy...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015507402480
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The haemodialysis patients are an high risk population for hepatitis viral infections. While the incidence of HBV has decreased worldwide, HCV is now the major cause of viral infection in these patients. The aim of our study was to define a complete map of patients undergoing routine replacement therapy by h...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007552226361
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human anthrax vaccines currently licensed in the United States and Western Europe consist of alum-precipitated or aluminum hydroxide-adsorbed supernatant material from fermentor cultures of toxigenic, nonencapsulated strains of Bacillus anthracis. These vaccines have several drawbacks, including the need for frequent ...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00152686
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is uncertain whether the incidence of stroke is increased in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and whether COPD is associated with all subtypes of stroke (i.e. ischemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage and subarachnoid haemorrhage). We evaluated the association between COPD and incidence ...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10654-015-0113-7
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical course of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is generally asymptomatic in children. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of HCV RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the clinical course of CHC considering age at the time of infection, length of infection, hepatitis virus C (HCV) genoty...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10654-007-9125-2
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Associations of cognitive function assessed in adulthood with coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke might reflect a causal effect or could be explained by residual confounding or a common underlying pathology (atherosclerosis) that links both declines in cognitive function and increased risk of cardiovascu...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10654-008-9281-z
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between September, 1988 and January, 1989 a common source outbreak of 47 cases of serologically confirmed hepatitis A occurred in a town of central Italy. Thirty-eight cases were primary, three co-primary and six secondary. The highest age-specific attack rate was seen in subjects aged 15-24 years (120 per 100,000); t...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00145788
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the association between flavonol and flavone intake and the risk of intermittent claudication in male smokers. The study population consisted of participants of the Finnish alpha-Tocopherol, beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study, who were free of intermittent claud...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:ejep.0000024699.81170.07
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this analysis is to compare screening strategies with haemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or combined measures in the identification of individuals at high risk for diabetes. Applying American Diabetes Association thresholds for FPG and HbA(1c) screening, 6,803 subjects free of diabete...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10654-011-9619-9
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substantial evidence supports the role of asbestos in malignant mesothelioma. Clustering for this malignancy among relatives not only suggests genetic susceptibility as a relevant component but also provides a clue to investigate non-occupational sources of exposure. We identified five cases of malignant mesothelioma ...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1023032214444
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Educational-related gradients in coronary heart disease (CHD) and mediation by behavioral risk factors are plausible given previous research; however this has not been comprehensively addressed in absolute measures. Questionnaire data on health behavior of 69,513 participants, 52 % women, from seven Danish cohort stud...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10654-012-9745-z
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the period of 1975-1989, in the Belgrade population increasing mortality trends were established for colon and rectal cancer, cancer of the pancreas and gallbladder and bile ducts cancer, for both sexes, and for esophageal cancer in males. Stomach and liver cancer mortality decreased in females. In males, stoma...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01717461
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal obesity during pregnancy is an important public health problem in Western countries. Currently, obesity prevalence rates in pregnant women are estimated to be as high as 30%. In addition, approximately 40% of women gain an excessive amount of weight during pregnancy in Western countries. An accumulating body ...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10654-015-0085-7
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to investigate the shift in the rates and levels of antibody to hepatitis A virus, 567 children in 20 isolated groups of five day-care centers were observed over a period of 8 months during which the seasonal rise in hepatitis A morbidity occurs. Increases in the proportion of seropositive ranging from 5 to 3...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00145647
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smoking patterns were examined in 2500 individuals, aged 14-70 years living in Castille and Leon (Spain) in the fall of 1992. Of these, 39.6% were regular smokers, 7.2% were occasional smokers, 14.8% were former smokers, and 30.4% were non-smokers. Sex differences were striking: there was a higher prevalence of regula...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01719578
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that Helicobacter pylori colonization may protect against diarrhoeagenic gastrointestinal infections. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the association between H. pylori infection and the frequency of diarrhoeal episodes among adults. Helicobacter pylori infection status was determined ...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015618112695
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacillus cereus is a ubiquitous sporeforming Gram-positive rod that is associated with foodborne outbreaks as well as several opportunistic infections. Inspite of the prevalence of B. cereus associated foodborne outbreaks, subtyping of the species using molecular typing assays was not attempted. In this study we have ...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00145422
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GB virus C subtype (GBV-C) seems to share the same routes of transmission as other parenteral transmitted viruses. We have evaluated the prevalence of GBV-C in 247 patients with potential risk for GBV-C infection and in 91 healthy blood donors. The presence of GBV-C RNA was examined by polymerase chain reaction in ser...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007448501661
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:No population-based study has assessed the prognostic impact on survival of the CD19 positive lymphocyte count, evaluated by immunophenotyping at diagnosis, in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Aiming at addressing this issue, we investigated the clinical outcome of a well-defined population of B-CLL patien...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10654-005-3777-6
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sedentary behaviour is an emerging risk factor for several site-specific cancers. Ovarian cancers are often detected at late disease stages and the role of sedentary behaviour as a modifiable risk factor potentially contributing to ovarian cancer risk has not been extensively examined. We systematically searched relev...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10654-020-00712-6
更新日期：2021-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Protozoans of the genus Cryptosporidium may cause serious diarrhoeal illness in immunocompromised hosts and especially in HIV-infected patients. In this study we have evaluated the frequency of Cryptosporidium in stools of 51 HIV-infected patients with diarrhoea. Laboratory diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis was performed...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00158790
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An impediment to analyzing the effect of nutritional factors on biologic processes or health status in human populations arises from the relatively small dietary differences that exist between individuals in relation to large periodic fluctuations in dietary intake and the imprecision with which diet is normally asses...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00155550
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spring 1996, an outbreak of Q fever occurred among residents of a rural town (population: 300) in Germany. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to ascertain the extent of the outbreak and to assess potential risk factors for illness. In July 1996, all residents > or =15 years received a self-administered ques...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007452503863
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone Paget's disease is heterogeneously distributed and several foci of high prevalence have been reported in Spain. The aim of the present work was to determine the prevalence of the disease in a zone situated in the northwestern sector of the Province of Salamanca (Spain) using a cross sectional epi-demiological stu...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007449206061
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Pesticides are widely used toxics. The objective of the study is to evaluate the odds of exposure to pesticides in chronic bronchitis patients. METHODS:Using the American Thoracic Society standardized questionnaire confirmed by medical diagnosis of chronic bronchitis, a case-control study was performed in Le...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10654-006-9058-1
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adhesion of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains to human intestinal epithelial cell, Intestine 407, was analyzed by flow cytometer. According to positive percentages of Intestine 407 cells adhered by V. cholerae, two groups of V. cholerae strains were classified as follows: more adhesive (more than 50%), less adhesive (les...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007352713686
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aetiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown and said to be multifactorial. We report on a retrospective epidemiological case control study, performed in Flanders during a 3-year period, investigating known and potential environmental risk factors for PD by means of questionnaires. We investigated 423 prevalen...
journal_title：European journal of epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:ejep.0000006639.05690.92
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
