Abstract：
:Ca(2+)/cation antiporter (CaCA) proteins are integral membrane proteins that transport Ca(2+) or other cations using the H(+) or Na(+) gradient generated by primary transporters. The CAX (for CAtion eXchanger) family is one of the five families that make up the CaCA superfamily. CAX genes have been found in bacteria, Dictyostelium, fungi, plants, and lower vertebrates, but only a small number of CAXs have been functionally characterized. In this study, we explored the diversity of CAXs and their phylogenetic relationships. The results demonstrate that there are three major types of CAXs: type I (CAXs similar to Arabidopsis thaliana CAX1, found in plants, fungi, and bacteria), type II (CAXs with a long N-terminus hydrophilic region, found in fungi, Dictyostelium, and lower vertebrates), and type III (CAXs similar to Escherichia coli ChaA, found in bacteria). Some CAXs were found to have secondary structures that are different from the canonical six transmembrane (TM) domains-acidic motif-five TM domain structure. Our phylogenetic tree indicated no evidence to support the cyanobacterial origin of plant CAXs or the classification of Arabidopsis exchangers CAX7 to CAX11. For the first time, these results clearly define the CAX exchanger family and its subtypes in phylogenetic terms. The surprising diversity of CAXs demonstrates their potential range of biochemical properties and physiologic relevance.
journal_name
J Mol Evoljournal_title
Journal of molecular evolutionauthors
Shigaki T,Rees I,Nakhleh L,Hirschi KDdoi
10.1007/s00239-006-0048-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-12-01 00:00:00pages
815-25issue
6eissn
0022-2844issn
1432-1432journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We have implemented a routine procedure for screening protein sequences for evidence of intragenic duplications. We tested 163 protein sequences representing 116 superfamilies of unrelated proteins. Twenty superfamilies contain proteins with internal gene duplications. The intragenic duplications detected can be divid...
journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
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更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of molecular evolution
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doi：10.1007/s00239-008-9113-5
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
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