"Despair" induced by extinction trials in the water maze: relationship with measures of anxiety in aged and adult rats.

abstract：:The hypotheses that the medial septal area (MSA) is critical for working memory and that MSA neural activity is positively regulated by cholinergic inputs leads to two testable predictions: (1) working memory can be bidirectionally modulated by muscarinic manipulations of the MSA and (2) muscarinic activation of the M...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Givens B,Olton DS

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbon monoxide (CO) is most often thought of as an exogenous toxin rather than as a possible endogenous nootrope. However, a limited number of studies have suggested that CO is necessary in memory processing for at least some tasks. While nitric oxide (NO) and CO are known activators of guanylyl cyclase (GC), only th...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Cutajar MC,Edwards TM,Ng KT

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although environmental enrichment improves spatial memory and alters synaptic plasticity in aged rodents, it is unclear whether all types of enrichment treatments yield similar benefits. The present study examined the effects in aged male mice of three types of enrichment on spatial memory in Morris water maze and rad...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Bennett JC,McRae PA,Levy LJ,Frick KM

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When placed in a novel environment, mice tend to explore for a period of time, and then reduce the level of exploration. This reduction in locomotor or exploratory behavior is known as habituation and can occur within a single session or across sessions, respectively, termed intrasession and intersession habituation. ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Bolivar VJ

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inactivation of the rodent medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus or disconnection of the hippocampus from the mPFC produces deficits in spatial working memory tasks. Previous studies have shown that delay length determines the extent to which mPFC and hippocampus functionally interact, with both structures b...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Layfield DM,Patel M,Hallock H,Griffin AL

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Testosterone (T) may enhance cognitive performance. However, its mechanisms are not well understood. First, we hypothesized that if T's effects are mediated in part through actions of its 5alpha-reduced metabolites, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and/or 3alpha-androstanediol (3alpha-diol) in the hippocampus, then T, DHT, a...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Edinger KL,Frye CA

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been proposed that normal waking levels of acetylcholine (ACH) are important for initial memory acquisition, and that decreased ACH is critical for memory consolidation. Sleep is thought to benefit memory consolidation in part due to the predominance of low ACH levels observed during non-rapid eye movement slee...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Tucker MA,Taylor K,Merchant R,George S,Stoddard C,Kopera K

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies demonstrated association between head injury (HI) and the subsequent development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Certain hallmarks of AD, e.g. amyloid-β (Aβ) containing deposits, may be found in patients following traumatic BI (TBI). Recent studies uncover the cellular prion protein, PrP(C), as a ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Bobkova NV,Medvinskaya NI,Kamynina AV,Aleksandrova IY,Nesterova IV,Samokhin AN,Koroev DO,Filatova MP,Nekrasov PV,Abramov AY,Leonov SV,Volpina OM

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The shell division of the nucleus accumbens receives noradrenergic input from neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) that transmit information regarding fluctuations in peripheral hormonal and autonomic activity. Accumbens shell neurons also receive converging inputs from limbic areas such as the hippocamp...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Kerfoot EC,Chattillion EA,Williams CL

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug addiction can be understood as a pathological subversion of normal brain learning and memory processes strengthened by the motivational impact of drug-associated stimuli, leading to the establishment of compulsive drug-seeking habits. Such habits evolve through a cascade of complex associative processes with Pavl...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Robbins TW,Everitt BJ

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are critically involved in various learning mechanisms including modulation of fear memory, brain development and brain disorders. While NMDARs mediate opposite effects on medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) interneurons and excitatory neurons, NMDAR antagonists trigger profound cor...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Vieira PA,Corches A,Lovelace JW,Westbrook KB,Mendoza M,Korzus E

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracerebral muscimol injection is widely used to inactivate discrete brain structures during behavioral tasks. However, little effort has been made to quantify the extent of muscimol diffusion. The authors report here electrophysiological and autoradiographic results obtained after muscimol injection (1 microg/micro...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Edeline JM,Hars B,Hennevin E,Cotillon N

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly labile chemical messenger which has previously been implicated in memory processes in a variety of learning paradigms and species. However, there is only limited evidence to suggest which enzymes are acted upon by NO during the formation of memory. The present study investigates the role ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Edwards TM,Rickard NS,Ng KT

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Down syndrome (DS) has an incidence of about 1/700 births, and is therefore the most common cause of cognitive and behavioral impairments in children. Recent studies on mouse models of DS indicate that a number of pharmacotherapies could be beneficial for restoring cognitive abilities in individuals with DS. Attention...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Heller HC,Salehi A,Chuluun B,Das D,Lin B,Moghadam S,Garner CC,Colas D

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In insects, cholinergic neurons are thought to transmit olfactory conditioned stimulus (CS) to the sites for associating the CS with unconditioned stimulus (US), but the types of acetylcholine (ACh) receptor used by neurons participating in the association have not been determined. In cockroaches, a type of nicotinic ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Watanabe H,Matsumoto CS,Nishino H,Mizunami M

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study the effects of differential housing conditions on recovery from damage to different components of the hippocampal formation, 85 rats received bilateral lesions of the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, or subiculum or sham surgery and then were housed for 30 days in either an enriched environment or an ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Galani R,Jarrard LE,Will BE,Kelche C

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Formation of long-term memories requires coordinated gene expression, which can be regulated at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. Post-transcriptional stabilization and destabilization of mRNAs provides precise temporal and spatial regulation of gene expression, which is critical for con...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Lee YS,Lee JA,Kaang BK

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This experiment tests the hypothesis that the cholinergic nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) is necessary for complex or configural association learning, but not elemental or simple association learning. Male Long-Evans rats with bilateral 192 IgG-saporin lesions of the NBM (n = 12) and sham-operated controls (n = ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Butt AE,Bowman TD

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been hypothesized to mediate certain forms of learning and memory. This hypothesis is based on the ability of competitive and uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists to disrupt learning. We investigated the effects of glycine site antagonists and partial agonists...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Viu E,Zapata A,Capdevila J,Skolnick P,Trullas R

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work done by our laboratory has demonstrated a reduction of the post-burst afterhyperpolarization (AHP) and accommodation following trace eyeblink conditioning in rabbit CA1 pyramidal neurons. Our laboratory has also demonstrated a reduction in the AHP in rat CA1 pyramidal neurons following spatial learning. ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Kuo AG,Lee G,McKay BM,Disterhoft JF

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is abundantly expressed in postmitotic neurons of the developed nervous system. MAPK is activated and required for induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 area of the hippocampus, which is blocked by the specific inhibitor of the MAPK kinase, PD 098059. Recently it ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Walz R,Roesler R,Quevedo J,Sant'Anna MK,Madruga M,Rodrigues C,Gottfried C,Medina JH,Izquierdo I

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dynamics of learning in the Active Avoidance test was analyzed at the trials level as well as at the level of daily sessions, each comprising numerous trials. The two scales (large scale for the sessions and small scale for the trials) were demonstrated to be mutually independent. The intermediate derived scales (...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Giuliani A,Mancini AM,Ghirardi O,Ramacci MT,Voronina T,Sirabella P,Colosimo A

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although no single widely accepted animal model of PTSD has been established to date, the single prolonged stress (SPS) animal model has been partially validated as a model for PTSD. SPS rats mimic the pathophysiological abnormalities and behavioral characteristics of PTSD, such as enhanced fear response to the trauma...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Mirshekar M,Abrari K,Goudarzi I,Rashidy-Pour A

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The single-trial passive avoidance task is a useful procedure for examining learning and memory in the young chick. However, it has recently been suggested that discrepant results reported by different laboratories are due to differences in training procedure. The present study investigated a number of parameters surr...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Crowe SF,Hale MW

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis is capable of learning taste aversion by pairing presentations of a sucrose solution and an electric shock and consolidating it into long-term memory (LTM), which is referred to as conditioned taste aversion (CTA). We asked here if the neurotransmitter octopamine is involved in CTA. We...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Aonuma H,Kaneda M,Hatakeyama D,Watanabe T,Lukowiak K,Ito E

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this review is to summarize the present knowledge on the interplay among the cholinergic system, Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathways in the development of short and long term memories during the acquisition and recall of the step-down inhibitory ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Giovannini MG,Lana D,Pepeu G

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been known for a long time that cholinergic basal forebrain neurons which project to the cerebral cortex play a role in learning and memory. Behavioral studies following lesions, for example, repeatedly have suggested multiple learning-related roles for these neurons. Apart from behavioral studies, cholinergic ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Woolf NJ

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Androgens are hypothesized to enhance aspects of mnemonic processing. However, it is unclear whether the memory improvement is associated with changes in earlier aspects of information processing, such as attention. The present experiments examined the effects of gonadectomy or supplementation with testosterone or dih...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Johnson RT,Burk JA

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic stress leads to a dysregulated inhibitory tone that could impact hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory. The present study examined whether spatial memory deficits resulting from chronic stress could be overcome by antagonizing the GABAA receptor, a prominent inhibitory receptor of GABA in the hippo...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Nishimura KJ,Ortiz JB,Conrad CD

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were trained to run on a staircase stopping on the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th steps (correct responses). Stopping on any other step was considered an error. Acute administration of 0.5 mg/kg of arecoline 15 min before the trial improved behavior and 3.5 mg/kg of arecoline caused a reduction of correct responses. An ...

journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory

authors： Molinengo L,Orsetti M,Pastorello B,Scordo I,Ghi P

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00