Abstract:
:CYP2A6 is a polymorphic enzyme, and CYP2A6 genotype has been shown to be associated with smoking habits and lung cancer. We investigated CYP2A6 polymorphism in Japanese from four different geographic areas of Japan and in the Ovambo and Turk populations. Using two polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLPs), we identified the functionally important variants of CYP2A6: *1A, *1B, *1F, *1G, *4A, and *4D. In the Japanese population the highest frequencies of the CYP2A6*1A allele were observed in subjects from the Fukuoka (Kyushu Island) and Ehime (Shikoku Island) prefectures, whereas subjects in Shimane and Tottori (both located on the Japan Sea side of Honshu Island) showed the highest frequencies of the CYP2A6*1B allele. In the Tottori and Shimane groups no subject was homozygous for the CYP2A6*4A allele, a whole gene deletion type that is prevalent among Asians. In the Ovambo and Turk populations the CYP2A6*1A allele was predominant. Furthermore, two alleles undetected in the Japanese were observed in these latter two ethnic groups: CYP2A6*1G was found solely in the Ovambos, and CYP2A6*1F was found solely in the Turks. The present study is the first to show interprefecture differences in CYP2A6 polymorphism in Japanese who live in relatively close but distinct geographic areas; this is also the first study to evaluate CYP2A6 variations among these Japanese and the Ovambo and Turk populations. The distribution results of these alleles could help to define the true significance of CYP2A6 polymorphism as a genetic susceptibility marker in worldwide populations.
journal_name
Hum Bioljournal_title
Human biologyauthors
Takeshita H,Hieda Y,Fujihara J,Xue Y,Nakagami N,Takayama K,Imamura S,Kataoka Kdoi
10.1353/hub.2006.0037subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-04-01 00:00:00pages
235-42issue
2eissn
0018-7143issn
1534-6617journal_volume
78pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HUMAN BIOLOGY文献大全abstract::Cross-cultural studies of sex-specific mortality indicate that, whereas males experience their greatest mortality in industrialized societies, females experience their greatest mortality in populations with low life expectancy. The higher mortality of females in low-life-expectancy communities has been interpreted as ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models provide a powerful tool for detecting seasonal patterns in mortality statistics. The strength of ARIMA models lies in their ability to reveal complex structures of temporal interdependence in time series. Moreover, changes in model parameters provide an empirical...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2007.0006
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the same reproductive span, more children with shorter interbirth intervals and less parental attention per child should not do as well. There should be intermediate optima in family sizes, but only two studies have demonstrated optima. The goal here is to determine whether the relationship between fitness and f...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2005.0010
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preston's two-census method of demographic estimation is applied to three pairs of reconstructed censuses from the records of a migrating Mennonite church congregation covering the period 1780-1890. The three pairs of censuses correspond to three periods (1780-1790, 1850-1860, and 1880-1890) and to stays in three sett...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::HLA-DQB1*0302 allele frequency is increased in liver graft recipients with acute rejection. We investigated polymorphism in the upstream regulatory regions (URRs) of the DQB1 gene to determine whether polymorphism in the DQB1 promoter region influences liver graft acceptance. A combination of typing protocols based on...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0088
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two microsatellites (CD4 and F13A1) were investigated in seven Brazilian populations: one group each of European- and African-derived subjects from Porto Alegre, southern Brazil, and five Amerindian tribes (three Tupi-Mondé speaking [Gavião, Surui, and Zoró], one Macro-Gê [Xavante], and one Carib [Wai-Wai]). For both ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Norse and Celtic contributions to the founding population of Iceland have been estimated previously on a pan-Icelandic basis using gene frequency data for the entire island. Accounts of the settlement of Iceland, however, suggest that different regions received different proportions of Norse and Celtic settlers, i...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human populations have a complex history of introgression and of changing population size. Human genetic variation has been affected by both these processes, so inference of past population size depends upon the pattern of gene flow and introgression among past populations. One remarkable aspect of human population hi...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.13110/humanbiology.89.1.04
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We carried out an exploratory historical biology study using temporally distinguished groups of predynastic-Early Dynastic male crania from the region of Upper Egypt. The objectives were, first, to determine the overall pattern of phenetic affinity between temporally sequential series and in relation to the earliest s...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.3378/1534-6617(2008)80[141:TVIPAO]2.0.CO;2
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This address is a tribute to a pioneer of population genetics, including human population genetics. The unique methodology employed by Sewall Wright in many genetic problems is the method of path coefficients. This essay traces the historical landmarks in the development of the path method and then shows how some of t...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has questioned whether the European Black Death of 1347-1351 could possibly have been caused by the bubonic plague bacillus Yersinia pestis, as has been assumed for over a century. Central to the arguments both for and against involvement of Y. pestis has been a comparison of the temporal dynamics obse...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2003.0067
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of a polymorphic mitochondrial DNA insertion into the nuclear genome was determined for 870 individuals from a geographically diverse set of 20 populations. The mtDNA insertion frequency varies significantly among populations, having a large GST value (0.178) and high heterozygosity values within populat...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic surveys of the population of Britain conducted by Weale et al. and Capelli et al. produced estimates of the Germani immigration into Britain during the early Anglo-Saxon period, c.430-c.730. These estimates are considerably higher than the estimates of archaeologists. A possible explanation suggests that a...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.3378/027.083.0604
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Birth weight is the single most significant determinant of infant mortality and the chances of a newborn to experience healthy development. Low birth weight also appears to be related to higher risks of several important chronic conditions, such as ischemic heart disease, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, and cancer in ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3378/027.081.0405
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fertility pattern, in terms of birth intervals, in a rural population not practicing contraception belonging to La Alta Alpujarra Oriental (southeast Spain) is analyzed. During the first half of the 20th century, this population experienced a considerable degree of geographical and cultural isolation. Because of t...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of ancient DNA techniques in human studies has been hampered by problems of contamination with modern human DNA. The main problem has been that the object of study belongs to the same species as the observer, and the complete elimination of the contamination risk is seemingly unlikely. Contamination has even b...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0069
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Pygmy populations" are recognized in several places over the world, especially in Western Africa and in Southeast Asia (Philippine "negritos," for instance). Broadly defined as "small-bodied Homo sapiens" (compared with neighboring populations), their origins and the nature of the processes involved in the maintenanc...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3378/027.085.0303
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major histocompatibility complex is directly involved in the immune response, and thus the genes coding for its proteins are useful markers for the study of genetic diversity, susceptibility to disease (autoimmunity and infections), transplant medicine, and pharmacogenetics, among others. The polymorphism of the s...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.13110/humanbiology.89.3.02
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::I describe the developmental, metric, morphologic, and pathologic features of deciduous dentition in a terminal Late Archaic (c. 3000 B.P.) Native American population in Ohio. Development of deciduous dentition in this Late Archaic population is stable with little sequence variation. The pattern of development (ldc, l...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human population characteristics at the genetic level are integral to both forensic biology and population genetics. This study evaluates biparental microsatellite markers in five Austronesian-speaking groups to characterize their intra- and interpopulation differences. Genetic diversity was analyzed using 15 short ta...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2006.0019
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The polymorphism of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was studied in 118 unrelated Greeks (from northern Greece) using total blood cell DNA and the restriction enzymes HpaI, BamHI, HaeII, MspI, AvaII, and HincII. One new morph was identified for MspI (named MspI morph 18Gr) and is the result of a mutation in a previousl...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human hair has been commonly classified according to three conventional ethnic human subgroups, that is, African, Asian, and European. Such broad classification hardly accounts for the high complexity of human biological diversity, resulting from both multiple and past or recent mixed origins. The research reported he...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2007.0045
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colon cancer is known to be heritable in humans, but the opportunity to investigate the genetic epidemiology of cancer in nonhuman primates has been limited by the size of available populations. The cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) colony at the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) Marmoset Research Center is...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Buryat population consisting of seven tribal groups in eastern Mongolia has been screened to determine the frequency distribution of different apolipoprotein E and H alleles (APOE and APOH, genes) coding for common isoforms and their association with quantitative plasma lipid levels. Allele frequencies at the APOE l...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2002.0058
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventy individuals from two African and four black Brazilian populations were studied for the first hypervariable segment of mtDNA. To delineate a more complete phylogeographic scenario of the African mtDNA haplogroups in Brazil and to provide additional information on the nature of the Atlantic slave trade, we analy...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1353/hub.2006.0028
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The joint distributions of phenotypes from the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) and from a closely linked restriction site polymorphism at the apolipoprotein C1 locus (APOC1) were studied in population samples from Portugal and São Tomé e Príncipe (Gulf of Guinea), a former Portuguese colony that was originally populated ...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven short tandem repeat loci (CSF1PO, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, D21S11, TH01, and TPOX) were investigated in 232 individuals from 6 Amazonian native tribes (Tiriyó, Waiãpi, Zoé, Urubu-Kaapor, Awa-Guajá, and Parakanã). We added the new data to a database that included five previousl...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3378/027.081.0106
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent workshop entitled "The Family Name as Socio-Cultural Feature and Genetic Metaphor: From Concepts to Methods" was held in Paris in December 2010, sponsored by the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) and by the journal Human Biology. This workshop was intended to foster a debate on questions r...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3378/027.084.0205
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the gene frequency distributions for 29 different blood group, serum, and erythrocytic proteins for three Mennonite communities from Kansas and Nebraska and compare their gene frequencies with those of Amish, Hutterite, and Mennonite populations using the topological method of Harpending and Jenkins (1973)...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluate the blood pressure profile in relation to selected biological, behavioral, and socioeconomic factors among the Lepchas, a tribal population of Asian origin inhabiting the Dzongu area of northern Sikkim. The results show that mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures of Lepcha adults (aged 19 years and ol...
journal_title:Human biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00