Violation of the incompressibility of liquid by simple shear flow.

abstract：:Non-volcanic tremor is a weak, extended duration seismic signal observed episodically on some major faults, often in conjunction with slow slip events. Such tremor may hold the key to understanding fundamental processes at the deep roots of faults, and could signal times of accelerated slip and hence increased seismic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shelly DR,Beroza GC,Ide S

更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease is a progressive loss of memory and cognition, for which there is no cure. Although genetic studies initially suggested a primary role for amyloid-in Alzheimer's disease, treatment strategies targeted at reducing amyloid-have failed to reverse cognitive symptoms. These clinical findings suggest tha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Canter RG,Penney J,Tsai LH

更新日期：2016-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Efforts to ablate soft tissue with conventional lasers have been limited by collateral damage and by concern over potential photochemical effects. Motivated by the thermal-confinement model, past infrared investigations targeted the OH-stretch mode of water with fast pulses from lasers emitting near 3,000 nm (refs 1, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Edwards G,Logan R,Copeland M,Reinisch L,Davidson J,Johnson B,Maciunas R,Mendenhall M,Ossoff R,Tribble J

更新日期：1994-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Homology-directed DNA repair is essential for genome maintenance through templated DNA synthesis. Alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) necessitates homology-directed DNA repair to maintain telomeres in about 10-15% of human cancers. How DNA damage induces assembly and execution of a DNA replication complex (brea...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dilley RL,Verma P,Cho NW,Winters HD,Wondisford AR,Greenberg RA

更新日期：2016-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapies for patients with cancer have changed gradually over the past decade, moving away from the administration of broadly acting cytotoxic drugs towards the use of more-specific therapies that are targeted to each tumour. To facilitate this shift, tests need to be developed to identify those individuals who requi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： van't Veer LJ,Bernards R

更新日期：2008-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal circuits across several systems display remarkable plasticity to sensory input during postnatal development. Experience-dependent refinements are often restricted to well-defined critical periods in early life, but how these are established remains mostly unknown. A representative example is the loss of respo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fagiolini M,Hensch TK

更新日期：2000-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In legumes, root nodule organogenesis is activated in response to morphogenic lipochitin oligosaccharides that are synthesized by bacteria, commonly known as rhizobia. Successful symbiotic interaction results in the formation of highly specialized organs called root nodules, which provide a unique environment for symb...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Krusell L,Madsen LH,Sato S,Aubert G,Genua A,Szczyglowski K,Duc G,Kaneko T,Tabata S,de Bruijn F,Pajuelo E,Sandal N,Stougaard J

更新日期：2002-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the basis of genetic variation has opened inroads to understanding our history as a species. It has revealed the remarkable genetic similarity we share with other individuals as well as with our closest primate relatives. To understand what make us unique, both as individuals and as a species, we need...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pääbo S

更新日期：2003-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:For more than 140 years, pollen tube guidance in flowering plants has been thought to be mediated by chemoattractants derived from target ovules. However, there has been no convincing evidence of any particular molecule being the true attractant that actually controls the navigation of pollen tubes towards ovules. Eme...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Okuda S,Tsutsui H,Shiina K,Sprunck S,Takeuchi H,Yui R,Kasahara RD,Hamamura Y,Mizukami A,Susaki D,Kawano N,Sakakibara T,Namiki S,Itoh K,Otsuka K,Matsuzaki M,Nozaki H,Kuroiwa T,Nakano A,Kanaoka MM,Dresselhaus T,Sa

更新日期：2009-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Many eukaryotic cellular and viral proteins have a covalently attached myristoyl group at the amino terminus. One such protein is recoverin, a calcium sensor in retinal rod cells, which controls the lifetime of photoexcited rhodopsin by inhibiting rhodopsin kinase. Recoverin has a relative molecular mass of 23,000 (M[...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ames JB,Ishima R,Tanaka T,Gordon JI,Stryer L,Ikura M

更新日期：1997-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition of sweet, bitter and umami tastes requires the non-vesicular release from taste bud cells of ATP, which acts as a neurotransmitter to activate afferent neural gustatory pathways. However, how ATP is released to fulfil this function is not fully understood. Here we show that calcium homeostasis modulator 1 ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Taruno A,Vingtdeux V,Ohmoto M,Ma Z,Dvoryanchikov G,Li A,Adrien L,Zhao H,Leung S,Abernethy M,Koppel J,Davies P,Civan MM,Chaudhari N,Matsumoto I,Hellekant G,Tordoff MG,Marambaud P,Foskett JK

更新日期：2013-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase is a functionally complex, membrane-bound respiratory enzyme which catalyses both the reduction of O2 to water and proton-pumping. During respiration, an exogenous donor, cytochrome c, donates four electrons to O2 bound at the bimetallic haem alpha 3 Fe-Cu centre within the enzyme. The...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wikström M

更新日期：1989-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Although lunar crystalline rocks are essentially devoid of nitrogen, the same is not true of the lunar regolith. The nitrogen contents of individual regolith samples (which can be as high as 0.012% by mass) correlate strongly with abundances of noble gases known to be implanted in the lunar surface by solar radiation,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kim JS,Kim Y,Marti K,Kerridge JF

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Folding of two monomeric enzymes mediated by groE has been reconstituted in vitro. The groEL protein stabilizes the polypeptides in a conformation resembling the 'molten globule' state. Mg-ATP and groES then promote the acquisition of ordered tertiary structure at the surface of groEL. Folding requires the hydrolysis ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Martin J,Langer T,Boteva R,Schramel A,Horwich AL,Hartl FU

更新日期：1991-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Theoretical and empirical research highlights the role of punishment in promoting collaborative efforts. However, both the emergence and the stability of costly punishment are problematic issues. It is not clear how punishers can invade a society of defectors by social learning or natural selection, or how second-orde...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sigmund K,De Silva H,Traulsen A,Hauert C

更新日期：2010-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of the systemic invasive infectious disease classically referred to as plague, and has been responsible for three human pandemics: the Justinian plague (sixth to eighth centuries), the Black Death (fourteenth to nineteenth centuries) and modern plague ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Parkhill J,Wren BW,Thomson NR,Titball RW,Holden MT,Prentice MB,Sebaihia M,James KD,Churcher C,Mungall KL,Baker S,Basham D,Bentley SD,Brooks K,Cerdeño-Tárraga AM,Chillingworth T,Cronin A,Davies RM,Davis P,Dougan G,

更新日期：2001-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Aquaporin (AQP) water-channel proteins are freely permeated by water but not by ions or charged solutes. Although mammalian aquaporins were believed to be located in plasma membranes, rat AQP6 is restricted to intracellular vesicles in renal epithelia. Here we show that AQP6 is functionally distinct from other known a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yasui M,Hazama A,Kwon TH,Nielsen S,Guggino WB,Agre P

更新日期：1999-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiplicative operations are important in sensory processing, but their biophysical implementation remains largely unknown. We investigated an identified neuron (the lobula giant movement detector, LGMD, of locusts) whose output firing rate in response to looming visual stimuli has been described by two models, one o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gabbiani F,Krapp HG,Koch C,Laurent G

更新日期：2002-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The ubiquity of tertiary alkylamines in pharmaceutical and agrochemical agents, natural products and small-molecule biological probes1,2 has stimulated efforts towards their streamlined synthesis3-9. Arguably the most robust method for the synthesis of tertiary alkylamines is carbonyl reductive amination3, which compr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kumar R,Flodén NJ,Whitehurst WG,Gaunt MJ

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methyl chloride is the largest natural source of ozone-depleting chlorine compounds, and accounts for about 15 per cent of the present atmospheric chlorine content. This contribution was likely to have been relatively greater in pre-industrial times, when additional anthropogenic sources-such as chlorofluorocarbons-we...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yokouchi Y,Ikeda M,Inuzuka Y,Yukawa T

更新日期：2002-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The split promoter sequences of a tRNALeuCUG gene of Xenopus laevis have been mapped to nucleotides 13-20 and 51-64 of the tRNALeu coding sequences. The sequences closely coincide with two conserved sequence blocks present in all eukaryotic tRNA genes. The two conserved sequence blocks were found to be exchangeable be...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Galli G,Hofstetter H,Birnstiel ML

更新日期：1981-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:On infection of their host, temperate viruses that infect bacteria (bacteriophages; hereafter referred to as phages) enter either a lytic or a lysogenic cycle. The former results in lysis of bacterial cells and phage release (resulting in horizontal transmission), whereas lysogeny is characterized by the integration o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rollie C,Chevallereau A,Watson BNJ,Chyou TY,Fradet O,McLeod I,Fineran PC,Brown CM,Gandon S,Westra ER

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic transmission of most vertebrate synapses is thought to be terminated by rapid transport of the neurotransmitter into presynaptic nerve terminals or neuroglia. L-Glutamate is the major excitatory transmitter in brain and its transport represents the mechanism by which it is removed from the synaptic cleft and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pines G,Danbolt NC,Bjørås M,Zhang Y,Bendahan A,Eide L,Koepsell H,Storm-Mathisen J,Seeberg E,Kanner BI

更新日期：1992-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory transduction in taste and olfaction, the principal chemical senses, seems to be mediated by membrane-associated proteins on the apical surfaces of the respective receptor cells. The recent isolation and characterization of soluble 'odorant-binding proteins' secreted from the nasal glands of rat, cow and frog, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schmale H,Holtgreve-Grez H,Christiansen H

更新日期：1990-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-reproduction is central to biological life for long-term sustainability and evolutionary adaptation. Although these traits would also be desirable in many engineered systems, the principles of self-reproduction have not been exploited in machine design. Here we create simple machines that act as autonomous modula...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zykov V,Mytilinaios E,Adams B,Lipson H

更新日期：2005-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluorescence polarization (FP) equilibrium binding assays differ from other types of binding studies in one important regard: they require no steps to separate free from bound tracer and are therefore fast, simple and accurate. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Checovich WJ,Bolger RE,Burke T

更新日期：1995-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid)-subtype ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission throughout the central nervous system. Gated by the neurotransmitter glutamate, AMPA receptors are critical for synaptic strength, and dysregulation of AMPA receptor-mediated si...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Twomey EC,Yelshanskaya MV,Grassucci RA,Frank J,Sobolevsky AI

更新日期：2017-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribonucleotide reductase, an essential enzyme for the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides, is formed by the association of two nonidentical subunits in almost all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The same model probably holds for the herpes simplex virus (HSV)-encoded ribonucleotide reductase; two polypeptides of relat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cohen EA,Gaudreau P,Brazeau P,Langelier Y

更新日期：1986-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Alkaloids, secondary metabolites that contain basic nitrogen atoms, are some of the most well-known biologically active natural products in chemistry and medicine. Although efficient laboratory synthesis of alkaloids would enable the study and optimization of their biological properties, their preparation is often com...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Parr BT,Economou C,Herzon SB

更新日期：2015-09-24 00:00:00