Abstract:
:This review is an attempt to comprehend the diverse groups of environmental chemical contaminants with a potential for pathogenesis of breast cancer, their probable sources and the possible mechanisms by which these environmental contaminants act and interplay with other risk factors. Estrogens are closely related to the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Oxidative catabolism of estrogen, mediated by various cytochrome P450 enzymes, generates reactive free radicals that can cause oxidative damage. The same enzymes of estrogenic metabolic pathways catalyze biological activation of several environmental (xenobiotic) chemicals. Xenobiotic chemicals may exert their pathological effects through generation of reactive free radicals. Breast tissue can be a target of several xenobiotic agents. DNA-reactive metabolites of different xenobiotic compounds have been detected in breast tissue. Many phase I and II xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes are expressed in both normal and cancerous breast tissues. These enzymes play a significant role in the activation/detoxification of xenobiotic and endogenous compounds including estrogens. More than 30 carcinogenic chemicals are present in tobacco smoke; many of them are fat-soluble, resistant to metabolism and can be stored in breast adipose tissue. Similarly, pesticides are also known to cause oxidative stress; while some act as endocrine disruptor, some are shown to suppress apoptosis in estrogen sensitive cell lines. Reports have shown an association of smoking (both active and passive) and pesticides with breast cancer risk. However, the issues have remained controversial. Different mutagenic substances that are generated in the cooking process e.g., heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be a threat to breast tissue. PAHs and dioxins exert their adverse effects through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which activates several genes involved in the metabolisms of xenobiotic compounds and endogenous estrogens. These chemicals also induce AhR-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction. Many of the environmental pollutants suppress the immune system, which are implicated to risk. A better understanding about the biological effects of different environmental carcinogenic compounds and determination of their impact on rising incidence of breast cancer will be beneficial in improving preventive policy against breast cancer.
journal_name
Indian J Exp Bioljournal_title
Indian journal of experimental biologyauthors
Mukherjee S,Koner BC,Ray S,Ray Asubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-08-01 00:00:00pages
597-617issue
8eissn
0019-5189issn
0975-1009journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Seed characteristics and in vitro culture of C. tamala embryos were studied. Embryos desiccated below 50% (fresh weight) exhibited poor morphogenetic response in vitro and confirmed the recalcitrant nature of seeds. The immature embryos of various developmental ages (4-16 week after flowering, WAF) were cultured on di...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the cardioprotective potential of Inula racemosa in myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury, Wistar male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups. The group I and II animals were administered saline orally {(sham, ischemia- reperfusion (I-R) control group)} and animals of group III and group IV re...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study has been undertaken to observe the effect of aqueous extract of M. oleifera (MO) leaf (300mg/kg body weight) on mean ulcer index, enterochromaffin (EC) cells and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) content of ulcerated gastric tissue. Ulceration was induced by using aspirin (500 mg/kg, po), cerebel...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to check whether insulin supplementation is crucial for inducing diabetic nephropathy (DNP) in Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The urinary biochemical parameters such as albumin, creatinine and urea nitrogen were monitored every two wee...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of a selective monoamine oxidase (MAO)--A inhibitor, clorgyline, a selective MAO-B inhibitor, deprenyl, and a non-selective MAO inhibitor, nialamide, were investigated on footshock-induced aggression (FIA) in paired rats. The doses and pretreatment times of the inhibitors used were based on an earlier reported...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has a variety of vascular side effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the beneficial effect of melatonin and cisplatin on the alterations in vascular reactivity and structure of cisplatin-treated rats. Phenylephrine (PHE) and KCl-caused concentration-dependent contractions o...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tadpoles of B. melanostictus and R. cyanophlyctis were reared in vitamin A solution. Rearing of the tadpoles of B. melanostictus in solutions containing 15, 20 and 30 IU/ml vitamin A palmitate resulted in complete disappearance of the keratinized epidermal material over the jaws and horny labial teeth. However tadpole...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epithelial and mesothelial cellular components of organs can be obtained as dissociated cells using adequate procedures of enzymatic digestion followed by pycnotic separation on density gradients. Using a specially developed procedure for tissue dissociation, the epithelial and connective tissue components of endo...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The whole plant aqueous extract of E. littorale was tested for its hypoglycemic activity on normoglycemic, hyperglycemic and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Blood sugar lowering activity was not observed in normoglycemic and glucose loaded hyperglycemic rats in the short time experiment. But in case of diabetic rats, t...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro percutaneous absorption of verapamil hydrochloride (VHCl) was investigated in order to assess its feasibility for transdermal development. The experiments were carried across mice and guinea pig skins using Keshary-Chien diffusion cell. The values of diffusion rate (J) and permeability coefficient (Kp) ac...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rate of heat production during cell proliferation following UV-irradiation of respiratory-deficient yeast cells was measured as a function of time (p-t curve) in a batch microcalorimeter. Following observations were made: (a) All growing cell cultures showed 3 distinct phases of heat production namely lag, exponential...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardioprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula fruits (500 mg/kg body wt) was examined in isoproterenol (200 mg/kg body wt) induced myocardial damage in rats. In isoproterenol administered rats, the level of lipid peroxides increased significantly in the serum and heart. A significant decrease was ...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dose matched comparison between copper complex of tolmetin(Tol-Cu) and tolmetin(Tol) was carried out in male albino rats bearing either sutured incision, dead space or excision wounds. Results showed that Tol significantly decreased tesile strength of incision and dead space wound. This effect was totally reversed by ...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efficacy of two colorimetric assays, viz. MTT (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-(yl-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and neutral red (NR) assays, performed by integrating them to micro culture virus titration (MCVT), was compared with the conventional MCVT method in terms of percentages of infectivity and 50% infectivity end ...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Influence of piroxicam (PX) on glibenclamide (GL) induced hypoglycemia has been studied in rats, healthy human volunteers and diabetics. GL per se has significantly reduced blood sugar levels in rats and in humans. PX per se has significantly reduced BSLs, in diabetics, while having no significant influence on blood s...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Capsaicin exerts a stabilizing effect on erythrocytes making them more resistant to lysis under hypotonic stress. The protective action of capsaicin on osmotic fragility (OF) was not receptor mediated since no dose responsive effect was observed. The results suggest that this protective effect of capsaicin on OF is du...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic (2 h/d x 8 weeks) exposure to magnetic field (MF; 50 Hz, 17.9 microT) in complete spinal cord (T13) transected rats restored food intake (FI), water intake (WI) and body weight (BW) which were decreased in the spinal cord injured rats. The results suggest a significant beneficial effect of chronic exposure to ...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism of uterine muscle contraction stimulated by a triterpenoid glycoside (dalsaxin) isolated from the root of D. saxatilis was investigated by in vitro methods in the rat. Dalsaxin caused a dose-related increase in uterine muscle contraction. The contraction was single and transient and was abolished by mode...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present method involves conversion of the aldehyde produced, as a result of serotonin deamination by monoamine oxidase, to its 2:4 dinitrophenyl hydrazone derivative which gives a stable, bright yellow colour in alkaline solution and can be measured colorimetrically. The derivative is however unstable in the acidi...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low cost agro-waste was used as adsorption support for single-step purification of endoglucanase from the culture filtrate of A. fumigatus ABK-9. Among various agro-waste substrates, 1% NaOH pretreated rice bran was proved to be the best for adsorbing about 74.8 and 71.1% of endoglucanase at 4 degrees C and 10 degrees...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biotin deficiency produced by feeding raw egg white caused decrease in the concentration of many glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in the aorta in rats fed standard laboratory diet and atherogenic diet. This decrease has been observed to be due to the increased activity of enzymes involved in the degradation of GAG and glycohy...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus sp. strain BP/SU1, capable of degrading the biopolymer and utilize it as a source of carbon and energy, was isolated from activated sludge using METABOLIX (MBX D411G). It was found that this strain was capable of accumulating poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) P(3-HB), as granule poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid), ...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of plants is as old as the mankind. Natural products are cheap and claimed to be safe. They are also suitable raw material for production of new synthetic agents. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linn.) is a common household plant grown in many parts of the world. It is used for flavouring food, a beverage dri...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol extracts from the different parts of B. orellana showed differential antimicrobial activity. It was found that the extracts of in vitro leaves showed maximum activity against Bacillus pumilus followed by the extracts from the roots and hypocotyls. The callus derived from different explants too showed antimicro...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant degenerative changes were observed in the kidney tissue of untreated neonatal streptozotocin (n0STZ)-induced type-II diabetic rats. These degenerative changes were diminished in the kidney tissue of diabetic animals given glibenclamide and Aloe leaf gel and pulp extracts. Kidney lipid peroxidation levels w...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reduction of p-benzoquinone to hydroquinol has been studied using Saccharomyces cerevisae and S.uvarum. Maximum conversion of p-Benzoquinone (p-BQ) to Hydroquinol (HQ) at a substrate concentration of 6%. S. cerevisae was found to be better than S. uvarum. No further conversion did take place after 60 hr. Optical innoc...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In dengue type 2 virus (DV)-induced suppressor T cell cascade TS1 cells secrete a suppressor cytokine (SF) which acts via syngeneic macrophages (M phi) to recruit TS2 cells. SF binds to both high and low affinity receptors (SF-R) on M phi. In the present study the fate of SF in M phi during transmission of suppressor ...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirteen strains of M. bovoculi, 6 from frozen bull-semen (3.5% of 168), 3 from neat bull-semen (3.0% of 100), one each from heart blood and stomach contents of aborted foetus of 85 (1.18%) bovine-abortions, one each from stomach contents and pooled internal organs of 9 (11.1%) stillborn calves, were isolated. All the...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present investigation is aimed to justify the validity of traditional practice of using the frog skin in wound healing. Studies were carried out on skin wounds from female albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 100-120 g. The wounds of standard size (5 cm2) were created in the experimental and control groups. The e...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effect of oral feeding of Liv-52, on lipid peroxidation in normal liver and damaged liver induced by CCl4 of albino rats was studied. While Liv-52 did not show any effect on normal healthy liver cells, it had a significant protective effect against damage by CCl4 as shown by significant decrease in malonaldialdehyde c...
journal_title:Indian journal of experimental biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00