Abstract:
:Both polarities of the satellite RNA of tobacco ringspot virus are sources of self-cleaving sequences. RNA of the less abundant, negative polarity, designated sTobRV-(-)RNA, has cleaving activity that was mapped previously to two noncontiguous regions of the polyribonucleotide chain. Endoribonucleolytic oligoribonucleotides (E) corresponding to the larger of the two regions cleaved smaller substrate oligoribonucleotides, at the ApG phosphodiester that is cleaved in sTobRV(-)RNA. An analogue of the substrate, which has a 2'-5' ApG phosphodiester, was not cleaved by E but acted as a competitive inhibitor of the cleavage of substrate. The analogue served as a primer, and E served as template, for reverse transcriptase-catalyzed copying of specific E sequences. The sequences transcribed suggest base pairing between the 5' region of E and a portion of the substrate that is located 3' to, but does not include, the ApG phosphodiester. Results from other experiments indicate this base pairing is a part of the functional cleavage complex. The association of the ends of E and substrate anticipates a second, 4-base-pair association between E and a portion of substrate that is 5' to, but does not include, the ApG phosphodiester. The effects of compensating mutations in E and substrate oligoribonucleotides support the existence of this second association in the active cleavage complex.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Feldstein PA,Buzayan JM,van Tol H,deBear J,Gough GR,Gilham PT,Bruening Gdoi
10.1073/pnas.87.7.2623subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-04-01 00:00:00pages
2623-7issue
7eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Environmental stress often leads to an increased production of reactive oxygen species that are involved in plastid-to-nucleus retrograde signaling. Soon after the release of singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) in chloroplasts of the flu mutant of Arabidopsis, reprogramming of nuclear gene expression reveals a rapid transfer of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1202041109
更新日期:2012-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::A procedure using ion exchange chromatography has been developed to detect alterations in a polysaccharide produced by Neurospora crassa. The polysaccharide, isolated from medium that has supported the growth of a culture, is highly responsive to the 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone assay, indicating a high hexo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.3.1461
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this era of continued emergence of zoonotic virus infections, the rapid development of rodent models represents a critical barrier to public health preparedness, including the testing of antivirus therapy and vaccines. The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was recently identified as the causat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1323279111
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons vary in their capacity to produce, store, and release neuropeptides packaged in dense-core vesicles (DCVs). Specifically, neurons used for cotransmission have terminals that contain few DCVs and many small synaptic vesicles, whereas neuroendocrine neuron terminals contain many DCVs. Although the mechanistic ba...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1322170111
更新日期:2014-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::The functional unit molecular size of the intestinal brush border membrane-bound Na+/glucose cotransporter was determined by radiation inactivation. Purified brush border membrane vesicles preserved in cryoprotectant buffer were irradiated (-135 degrees C) with high-energy electrons from a 13-MeV (1 eV = 1.602 x 10(-1...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.4.1456
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Untargeted metabolomics of environmental samples routinely detects thousands of small molecules, the vast majority of which cannot be identified. Meta-mass shift chemical (MeMSChem) profiling was developed to identify mass differences between related molecules using molecular networks. This approach illuminates metabo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1710248114
更新日期:2017-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison of five constant region sequences of human and mouse k and lambda immunoglobulin chains has been undertaken in order to reveal sequence homologies and evolutionary relationships. Simultaneously, a comparison with the three-dimensional structure of one mouse k-chain (McPC 603) has suggested structural reas...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.7.2785
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among yeasts that underwent whole-genome duplication (WGD), Kluyveromyces polysporus represents the lineage most distant from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By sequencing the K. polysporus genome and comparing it with the S. cerevisiae genome using a likelihood model of gene loss, we show that these species diverged very s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0608218104
更新日期:2007-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Terrorist attacks often fuel online hate and increase the expression of xenophobic and antiminority messages. Previous research has focused on the impact of terrorist attacks on prejudiced attitudes toward groups linked to the perpetrators as the cause of this increase. We argue that social norms can contain the expre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2007977117
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-surface labeling with fluorescamine indicates that the fluorescence of Balb 3T3 A31 cells in considerably decreased after both viral and chemical transformation. This phenomenon, coupled with the technique of flow microfluorometry, enabled nontransformed and transformed cells to be distinguished. A second fluroes...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.4.1626
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ride-sharing services are transforming urban mobility by providing timely and convenient transportation to anybody, anywhere, and anytime. These services present enormous potential for positive societal impacts with respect to pollution, energy consumption, congestion, etc. Current mathematical models, however, do not...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1611675114
更新日期:2017-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxiredoxins (Prx), a family of peroxidases that reduce intracellular peroxides with the thioredoxin system as the electron donor, are highly expressed in various cellular compartments. Among the antioxidant Prx enzymes, Prx2 is the most abundant in mammalian neurons, making it a prime candidate to defend against ox...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0705904104
更新日期:2007-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Noncatalytic carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) are components of glycoside hydrolases that attack generally inaccessible substrates. CBMs mediate a two- to fivefold elevation in the activity of endo-acting enzymes, likely through increasing the concentration of the appended enzymes in the vicinity of the substrate. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1212034109
更新日期:2012-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Experimentally, protein engineering and phi-value analysis is the method of choice to characterize the structure in folding transition state ensemble (TSE) of any protein. Combining experimental phi values and computer simulations has led to a deeper understanding of how proteins fold. In this report, we construct the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.241378398
更新日期:2001-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular cholesterol metabolism is regulated primarily through the coordinate expression of two proteins, the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (EC 1.1.1.34). We have used cDNA probes for the human genes encoding these proteins to determine the precise...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.24.8567
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saposin A, a heat-stable 16-kDa glycoprotein, was isolated from Gaucher disease spleen and purified to homogeneity. Chemical sequencing from its amino terminus and of peptides obtained by digestion with protease from Staphylococcus aureus strain V-8 demonstrated that saposin A is derived from proteolytic processing of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.9.3389
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple steps of plant growth and development rely on rapid cell elongation during which secretory and endocytic trafficking via the trans-Golgi network (TGN) plays a central role. Here, we identify the ECHIDNA (ECH) protein from Arabidopsis thaliana as a TGN-localized component crucial for TGN function. ECH partiall...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1018371108
更新日期:2011-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::In an unprecedented finding, Davis et al. [Davis, R. E., Miller, S., Herrnstadt, C., Ghosh, S. S., Fahy, E., Shinobu, L. A., Galasko, D., Thal, L. J., Beal, M. F., Howell, N. & Parker, W. D., Jr. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 4526-4531] used an unusual DNA isolation method to show that healthy adults harbor a ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.26.14894
更新日期:1997-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously observed the spontaneous, pH-dependent insertion of a water-soluble peptide to form a helix across lipid bilayers [Hunt, J. F., Rath, P., Rothschild, K. J. & Engelman, D. M. (1997) Biochemistry 36, 15177-15192]. We now use a related peptide, pH (low) insertion peptide, to translocate cargo molecules...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0601463103
更新日期:2006-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Bone mineralization is an essential step during the embryonic development of vertebrates, and bone serves vital functions in human physiology. To systematically identify unique gene functions essential for osteogenesis, we performed a forward genetic screen in zebrafish and isolated a mutant, no bone (nob), that does ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1214231110
更新日期:2012-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::Array technologies have made it straightforward to monitor simultaneously the expression pattern of thousands of genes. The challenge now is to interpret such massive data sets. The first step is to extract the fundamental patterns of gene expression inherent in the data. This paper describes the application of self-o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.6.2907
更新日期:1999-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive degenerative disease of motor neurons. The inherited form of the disease, familial ALS, represents 5-10% of the total cases, and the best documented of these are due to lesions in SOD1, the gene encoding copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD). The mechanism by w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.0730423100
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oligopeptide permease of Escherichia coli has been characterized by Payne, Gilvarg, and their colleagues. We have confirmed its existence in Salmonella typhimurium, and have isolated a series of mutants lacking the permease. We use this transport system for smuggling a histidine biosynthetic intermediate, histidin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.2.456
更新日期:1973-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease in which genetic risk has been mapped to HLA, but precise allelic associations have been difficult to infer due to limitations in genotyping methodology. Mapping PD risk at highest possible resolution, we performed sequencing of 11 HLA genes in 1,597 PD cases and...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1821778116
更新日期:2019-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Resonance Raman and optical absorption spectra of ligand-free (deoxy) myoglobin and CO-bound myoglobin (MbCO) at pH 2.6 have been measured by using continuous-flow/rapid-mixing techniques. The spectra of deoxy myoglobin at low pH within 6 ms of the pH drop demonstrate that the iron-histidine bond has been ruptured but...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.1.205
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DC and DX subregions of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) have been cloned from a cosmid library made from a human B-cell line, Priess. The DC subregion, 48 kilobases, includes the DC alpha and DC beta genes. A second DC-like region, the DX subregion, 35 kilobases, contains the DX alpha gene and a n...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.10.3410
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 32-base-pair (bp) DNA duplex with deletions in one strand, and thus extra bases in the opposing strand, was ligated head-to-tail to produce linear and circular multimers. The electrophoretic mobility of the linear multimers was analyzed in polyacrylamide gels and the size of the circular DNA was determined by electr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.13.4833
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of the homeobox protein CDX1 is lost or reduced in a significant proportion of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) but the underlying mechanism for this is unclear. We have demonstrated absence of CDX1 mRNA expression in 7 of 37 CRC cell lines and shown that all 7 cell lines have a methylated CDX1 promoter. Twenty...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0307190101
更新日期:2004-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Between 1776 and 1920, the US Congress designed more than 200 distinct securities and stated the maximum amount of each that the Treasury could sell. Between 1917 and 1939, Congress gradually delegated all decisions about designing US debt instruments to the Treasury. In 1939, Congress began imposing a limit on the pa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1719687115
更新日期:2018-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Na(+)-NQR is a unique respiratory enzyme that couples the free energy of electron transfer reactions to electrogenic pumping of sodium across the cell membrane. This enzyme is found in many marine and pathogenic bacteria where it plays an analogous role to the H(+)-pumping complex I. It has generally been assumed that...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1002866107
更新日期:2010-07-13 00:00:00