Expression pattern of zebrafish pax genes suggests a role in early brain regionalization.

abstract：:Dominant alleles at the agouti locus (A) cause an obesity syndrome in the mouse, as a consequence of ectopic expression of the agouti peptide. This peptide, normally only found in the skin, is a high-affinity antagonist of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MC1-R), thus explaining the inhibitory effect of ag...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fan W,Boston BA,Kesterson RA,Hruby VJ,Cone RD

更新日期：1997-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-dependent diabetes is a complex multifactorial disorder characterized by loss or dysfunction of β-cells. Pancreatic β-cells differ in size, glucose responsiveness, insulin secretion and precursor cell potential; understanding the mechanisms that underlie this functional heterogeneity might make it possible to ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bader E,Migliorini A,Gegg M,Moruzzi N,Gerdes J,Roscioni SS,Bakhti M,Brandl E,Irmler M,Beckers J,Aichler M,Feuchtinger A,Leitzinger C,Zischka H,Wang-Sattler R,Jastroch M,Tschöp M,Machicao F,Staiger H,Häring HU,Chme

更新日期：2016-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:State-of-the-art optical clocks1 achieve precisions of 10-18 or better using ensembles of atoms in optical lattices2,3 or individual ions in radio-frequency traps4,5. Promising candidates for use in atomic clocks are highly charged ions6 (HCIs) and nuclear transitions7, which are largely insensitive to external pertur...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schüssler RX,Bekker H,Braß M,Cakir H,Crespo López-Urrutia JR,Door M,Filianin P,Harman Z,Haverkort MW,Huang WJ,Indelicato P,Keitel CH,König CM,Kromer K,Müller M,Novikov YN,Rischka A,Schweiger C,Sturm S,Ulmer S,Elis

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although cell adhesion to substrate must ultimately depend on 'sticking' by physical forces at the outer surface, we suggest that control is exercised through the 'grip' of the cytoskeleton. Our experiments indicate that grip can be relaxed by agents which release surface glycoproteins from some form of side-to-side o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rees DA,Lloyd CW,Thom D

更新日期：1977-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Lantibiotics are a class of peptide antibiotics that contain one or more thioether bonds. The lantibiotic nisin is an antimicrobial peptide that is widely used as a food preservative to combat food-borne pathogens. Nisin contains dehydroalanine and dehydrobutyrine residues that are formed by the dehydration of Ser/Thr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ortega MA,Hao Y,Zhang Q,Walker MC,van der Donk WA,Nair SK

更新日期：2015-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic da...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Joshi PK,Esko T,Mattsson H,Eklund N,Gandin I,Nutile T,Jackson AU,Schurmann C,Smith AV,Zhang W,Okada Y,Stančáková A,Faul JD,Zhao W,Bartz TM,Concas MP,Franceschini N,Enroth S,Vitart V,Trompet S,Guo X,Chasman DI,

更新日期：2015-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Lignin is a complex polymer of phenylpropanoid subunits. It is an essential component of woody tissue, to which it imparts structural rigidity. Lignin is remarkably resistant to degradation by most microbes; nevertheless, a few species of white-rot fungi are able to catalyse its oxidation to CO2. Its biodegradation is...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tien M,Tu CP

更新日期：1987-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The current picture of galaxy evolution advocates co-evolution of galaxies and their nuclear massive black holes, through accretion and galactic merging. Pairs of quasars, each with a massive black hole at the centre of its galaxy, have separations of 6,000 to 300,000 light years (refs 2 and 3; 1 parsec = 3.26 light y...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fabbiano G,Wang J,Elvis M,Risaliti G

更新日期：2011-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Landscapes modified by glacial erosion show a distinct distribution of surface area with elevation (hypsometry). In particular, the height of these regions is influenced by climatic gradients controlling the altitude where glacial and periglacial processes are the most active, and as a result, surface area is focused ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pedersen VK,Egholm DL

更新日期：2013-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A high degree of polymorphism for the length and copy number of rDNA spacers, in both the X and Y chromosome clusters, has been found in a wild population of Drosophila melanogaster. The genetic behaviour of rDNA structural variants in separate and mixed populations derived from isofemale lines suggest that they are n...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Coen ES,Thoday JM,Dover G

更新日期：1982-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide variety of voltage-gated K+ channels are involved in the regulation of neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. Their heterogeneity arises in part from the large number of genes encoding different K+ channel subunits (reviewed in ref. 1). In addition, heterologous expression studies indicate that assemb...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sheng M,Liao YJ,Jan YN,Jan LY

更新日期：1993-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) detect and destroy cells displaying class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) that present oligopeptides derived from aberrant self or foreign proteins. Most class I peptide ligands are created from proteins that are degraded by proteasomes and transported, by the t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hanada K,Yewdell JW,Yang JC

更新日期：2004-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the discovery of superconductivity in the high-transition-temperature (high-T(c)) copper oxides two decades ago, it has been firmly established that the CuO(2) plane is essential for superconductivity and gives rise to a host of other very unusual properties. A new family of superconductors with the general comp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chen TY,Tesanovic Z,Liu RH,Chen XH,Chien CL

更新日期：2008-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Several organisms have evolved the ability to measure daylength, or photoperiod, allowing them to adjust their development in anticipation of annual seasonal changes. Daylength measurement requires the integration of temporal information, provided by the circadian system, with light/dark discrimination, initiated by s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yanovsky MJ,Kay SA

更新日期：2002-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Imperfect knowledge of the times at which 'snapshots' of a system are recorded degrades our ability to recover dynamical information, and can scramble the sequence of events. In X-ray free-electron lasers, for example, the uncertainty--the so-called timing jitter--between the arrival of an optical trigger ('pump') pul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fung R,Hanna AM,Vendrell O,Ramakrishna S,Seideman T,Santra R,Ourmazd A,Ourmazd A

更新日期：2016-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The actions of many peptide growth factors include both stimulation and inhibition of cell proliferation, as well as effects unrelated to the control of cell growth. One peptide can have both stimulatory and inhibitory activity in a single cell, depending on the context of the other signal molecules present. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sporn MB,Roberts AB

更新日期：1988-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell surface molecules have been implicated in cell interactions which underlie formation of the nervous system. The analysis of the functional properties of such molecules has profited from the combined use of antibodies and cell culture systems. It has been suggested that the interplay between these molecules modula...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kruse J,Mailhammer R,Wernecke H,Faissner A,Sommer I,Goridis C,Schachner M

更新日期：1984-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The actin cytoskeleton is regulated by GTP-hydrolysing proteins, the Rho GTPases, which act as molecular switches in diverse signal-transduction processes. Various bacterial toxins can inactivate Rho GTPases by ADP-ribosylation or glucosylation. Previous research has identified Rho proteins as putative targets for Esc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schmidt G,Sehr P,Wilm M,Selzer J,Mann M,Aktories K

更新日期：1997-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The establishment and maintenance of epigenetic gene silencing is fundamental to cell determination and function. The essential epigenetic systems involved in heritable repression of gene activity are the Polycomb group (PcG) proteins and the DNA methylation systems. Here we show that the corresponding silencing pathw...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Viré E,Brenner C,Deplus R,Blanchon L,Fraga M,Didelot C,Morey L,Van Eynde A,Bernard D,Vanderwinden JM,Bollen M,Esteller M,Di Croce L,de Launoit Y,Fuks F

更新日期：2006-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Greulich H,Cherniack AD

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer control by adaptive immunity involves a number of defined death and clearance mechanisms. However, efficient inhibition of exponential cancer growth by T cells and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) requires additional undefined mechanisms that arrest cancer cell proliferation. Here we show that the combined action of the T-...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Braumüller H,Wieder T,Brenner E,Aßmann S,Hahn M,Alkhaled M,Schilbach K,Essmann F,Kneilling M,Griessinger C,Ranta F,Ullrich S,Mocikat R,Braungart K,Mehra T,Fehrenbacher B,Berdel J,Niessner H,Meier F,van den Broek M,

更新日期：2013-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Transformation of the well-studied maize transposable elements into other plant species should enable transposon tagging methodology to be used for the isolation of interesting genes in the heterologous host. Here we describe the isolation of a transposon-tagged male sterile mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana using the ma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Aarts MG,Dirkse WG,Stiekema WJ,Pereira A

更新日期：1993-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of the systemic invasive infectious disease classically referred to as plague, and has been responsible for three human pandemics: the Justinian plague (sixth to eighth centuries), the Black Death (fourteenth to nineteenth centuries) and modern plague ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Parkhill J,Wren BW,Thomson NR,Titball RW,Holden MT,Prentice MB,Sebaihia M,James KD,Churcher C,Mungall KL,Baker S,Basham D,Bentley SD,Brooks K,Cerdeño-Tárraga AM,Chillingworth T,Cronin A,Davies RM,Davis P,Dougan G,

更新日期：2001-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The balance between stem cell self-renewal and differentiation is controlled by intrinsic factors and niche signals. In the Drosophila melanogaster ovary, some intrinsic factors promote germline stem cell (GSC) self-renewal, whereas others stimulate differentiation. However, it remains poorly understood how the balanc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pan L,Wang S,Lu T,Weng C,Song X,Park JK,Sun J,Yang ZH,Yu J,Tang H,McKearin DM,Chamovitz DA,Ni J,Xie T

更新日期：2014-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The tumour microenvironment may contribute to tumorigenesis owing to mechanical forces such as fibrotic stiffness or mechanical pressure caused by the expansion of hyper-proliferative cells. Here we explore the contribution of the mechanical pressure exerted by tumour growth onto non-tumorous adjacent epithelium. In t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fernández-Sánchez ME,Barbier S,Whitehead J,Béalle G,Michel A,Latorre-Ossa H,Rey C,Fouassier L,Claperon A,Brullé L,Girard E,Servant N,Rio-Frio T,Marie H,Lesieur S,Housset C,Gennisson JL,Tanter M,Ménager C,Fre S,Rob

更新日期：2015-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein folding and binding are analogous processes, in which the protein 'searches' for favourable intramolecular or intermolecular interactions on a funnelled energy landscape. Many eukaryotic proteins are disordered under physiological conditions, and fold into ordered structures only on binding to their cellular t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sugase K,Dyson HJ,Wright PE

更新日期：2007-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:MANY ferromanganese minerals have been found in marine manganese deposits. There have been terminological and intrinsic problems in accurately defining the constituents of manganese nodules(1), but 10-A manganite and delta-MnO(2) which are often compared with todorokite and birnessite seem to be the only major constit...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Usui A

更新日期：1979-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultrathin ferroelectric materials could potentially enable low-power perovskite ferroelectric tetragonality logic and nonvolatile memories1,2. As ferroelectric materials are made thinner, however, the ferroelectricity is usually suppressed. Size effects in ferroelectrics have been thoroughly investigated in perovskite...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cheema SS,Kwon D,Shanker N,Dos Reis R,Hsu SL,Xiao J,Zhang H,Wagner R,Datar A,McCarter MR,Serrao CR,Yadav AK,Karbasian G,Hsu CH,Tan AJ,Wang LC,Thakare V,Zhang X,Mehta A,Karapetrova E,Chopdekar RV,Shafer P,Arenh

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pocket domain of the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumour suppressor is central to Rb function, and is frequently inactivated by the binding of the human papilloma virus E7 oncoprotein in cervical cancer. The crystal structure of the Rb pocket bound to a nine-residue E7 peptide containing the LxCxE motif, shared by other Rb...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lee JO,Russo AA,Pavletich NP

更新日期：1998-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast radio bursts are mysterious millisecond-duration transients prevalent in the radio sky. Rapid accumulation of data in recent years has facilitated an understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of these events. Knowledge gained from the neighbouring fields of gamma-ray bursts and radio pulsars has also of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang B

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00