Sleep behaviour: sleep in continuously active dolphins.

abstract：:Bottom trawling is a non-selective commercial fishing technique whereby heavy nets and gear are pulled along the sea floor. The direct impact of this technique on fish populations and benthic communities has received much attention, but trawling can also modify the physical properties of seafloor sediments, water–sedi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Puig P,Canals M,Company JB,Martín J,Amblas D,Lastras G,Palanques A

更新日期：2012-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The heavy (H) and light (L) chains of antibodies consist of variable (V) and constant (C) regions. The V regions of the heavy and light chains form the antibody combining site. To determine whether a V region could be functional when joined to a polypeptide other than its own C region, we constructed a chimaeric gene ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sharon J,Gefter ML,Manser T,Morrison SL,Oi VT,Ptashne M

更新日期：1984-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Three environmental groups have filed suit against the National Institutes of Health in an attempt to block an experiment approved in April by the NIH Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. The experiment, designed by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, to enhance the frost resistance of crops, would ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： David P

更新日期：1983-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Differentiation of bone marrow derived precursors into mature T cells takes place in the thymus. During differentiation, T cells develop the receptor repertoire which allows them to recognize antigen in the context of self major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Mature T helper cells (mostly CD4+ CD8-) recog...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Maruŝić-Galesić S,Stephany DA,Longo DL,Kruisbeek AM

更新日期：1988-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and is targeted for emissions mitigation by the US state of California and other jurisdictions worldwide1,2. Unique opportunities for mitigation are presented by point-source emitters-surface features or infrastructure components that are typically less than 10 metres in diameter a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Duren RM,Thorpe AK,Foster KT,Rafiq T,Hopkins FM,Yadav V,Bue BD,Thompson DR,Conley S,Colombi NK,Frankenberg C,McCubbin IB,Eastwood ML,Falk M,Herner JD,Croes BE,Green RO,Miller CE

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mouse major transplantation antigens H-2K, H-2D and H-2L are highly polymorphic cell-surface glycoproteins which may serve as recognition elements in cell-cell interactions. Each antigen possesses a number of alloantigenic determinants defined by antisera of various specificities. Recently, monoclonal antibodies h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Evans GA,Margulies DH,Shykind B,Seidman JG,Ozato K

更新日期：1982-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Lantibiotics are a class of peptide antibiotics that contain one or more thioether bonds. The lantibiotic nisin is an antimicrobial peptide that is widely used as a food preservative to combat food-borne pathogens. Nisin contains dehydroalanine and dehydrobutyrine residues that are formed by the dehydration of Ser/Thr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ortega MA,Hao Y,Zhang Q,Walker MC,van der Donk WA,Nair SK

更新日期：2015-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Digital organisms are computer programs that self-replicate, mutate and adapt by natural selection. They offer an opportunity to test generalizations about living systems that may extend beyond the organic life that biologists usually study. Here we have generated two classes of digital organism: simple programs selec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lenski RE,Ofria C,Collier TC,Adami C

更新日期：1999-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:A decade ago, Lovelock and Whitfield raised the question of how much longer the biosphere can survive on Earth. They pointed out that, despite the current fossil-fuel induced increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration, the long-term trend should be in the opposite direction: as increased solar luminosity warms th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Caldeira K,Kasting JF

更新日期：1992-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Opsin, the ligand-free form of the G-protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin, at low pH adopts a conformationally distinct, active G-protein-binding state known as Ops*. A synthetic peptide derived from the main binding site of the heterotrimeric G protein-the carboxy terminus of the alpha-subunit (GalphaCT)-stabilizes Ops...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scheerer P,Park JH,Hildebrand PW,Kim YJ,Krauss N,Choe HW,Hofmann KP,Ernst OP

更新日期：2008-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Butchart SHM,Clements A,Gibbons DW

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein modification by the conjugation of ubiquitin moieties--ubiquitination--plays a major part in many biological processes, including cell cycle and apoptosis. The enzymes that mediate ubiquitin-conjugation have been well-studied, but much less is known about the ubiquitin-specific proteases that mediate de-ubiqui...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brummelkamp TR,Nijman SM,Dirac AM,Bernards R

更新日期：2003-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Dynein and its cofactor dynactin form a highly processive microtubule motor in the presence of an activating adaptor, such as BICD2. Different adaptors link dynein and dynactin to distinct cargoes. Here we use electron microscopy and single-molecule studies to show that adaptors can recruit a second dynein to dynactin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Urnavicius L,Lau CK,Elshenawy MM,Morales-Rios E,Motz C,Yildiz A,Carter AP

更新日期：2018-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA sequences containing the 5'-flanking regions of the insulin and chymotrypsin genes were linked to the coding sequence of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. The insulin gene recombinant elicits preferential expression of CAT activity when introduced into cells producing insulin; similarly, the chymot...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Walker MD,Edlund T,Boulet AM,Rutter WJ

更新日期：1983-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Homologous recombination is a molecular process that has multiple important roles in DNA metabolism, both for DNA repair and genetic variation in all forms of life. Generally, homologous recombination involves the exchange of genetic information between two identical or nearly identical DNA molecules; however, homolog...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Keskin H,Shen Y,Huang F,Patel M,Yang T,Ashley K,Mazin AV,Storici F

更新日期：2014-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Selective lowering of Abeta42 levels (the 42-residue isoform of the amyloid-beta peptide) with small-molecule gamma-secretase modulators (GSMs), such as some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, is a promising therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease. To identify the target of these agents we developed biotinyla...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kukar TL,Ladd TB,Bann MA,Fraering PC,Narlawar R,Maharvi GM,Healy B,Chapman R,Welzel AT,Price RW,Moore B,Rangachari V,Cusack B,Eriksen J,Jansen-West K,Verbeeck C,Yager D,Eckman C,Ye W,Sagi S,Cottrell BA,Torpey J

更新日期：2008-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nakar E

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex in birds is chromosomally based, as in mammals, but the sex chromosomes are different and the mechanism of avian sex determination has been a long-standing mystery. In the chicken and all other birds, the homogametic sex is male (ZZ) and the heterogametic sex is female (ZW). Two hypotheses have been proposed for t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Smith CA,Roeszler KN,Ohnesorg T,Cummins DM,Farlie PG,Doran TJ,Sinclair AH

更新日期：2009-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Systems governed by time reversible equations of motion often give rise to irreversible behaviour. The transition from reversible to irreversible behaviour is fundamental to statistical physics, but has not been observed experimentally in many-body systems. The flow of a newtonian fluid at low Reynolds number can be r...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pine DJ,Gollub JP,Brady JF,Leshansky AM

更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Storing and retrieving a quantum state of light on demand, without corrupting the information it carries, is an important challenge in the field of quantum information processing. Classical measurement and reconstruction strategies for storing light must necessarily destroy quantum information as a consequence of the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hedges MP,Longdell JJ,Li Y,Sellars MJ

更新日期：2010-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The size of plants is largely determined by growth of the stem. Stem elongation is stimulated by gibberellic acid1-3. Here we show that internode stem elongation in rice is regulated antagonistically by an 'accelerator' and a 'decelerator' in concert with gibberellic acid. Expression of a gene we name ACCELERATOR OF I...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nagai K,Mori Y,Ishikawa S,Furuta T,Gamuyao R,Niimi Y,Hobo T,Fukuda M,Kojima M,Takebayashi Y,Fukushima A,Himuro Y,Kobayashi M,Ackley W,Hisano H,Sato K,Yoshida A,Wu J,Sakakibara H,Sato Y,Tsuji H,Akagi T,Ashikari

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate transporters are integral membrane proteins that catalyse neurotransmitter uptake from the synaptic cleft into the cytoplasm of glial cells and neurons. Their mechanism of action involves transitions between extracellular (outward)-facing and intracellular (inward)-facing conformations, whereby substrate bin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Akyuz N,Altman RB,Blanchard SC,Boudker O

更新日期：2013-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The way in which proteins attain and maintain their final form is of fundamental importance. Recent work has focused on the role of a set of ubiquitous proteins, termed chaperonins, in the assembly of phage and multisubunit proteins. The range of chaperonin action is unknown; they could interact with most cellular pol...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Van Dyk TK,Gatenby AA,LaRossa RA

更新日期：1989-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipid-bilayer membranes supported on solid substrates are widely used as cell-surface models that connect biological and artificial materials. They can be placed either directly on solids or on ultrathin polymer supports that mimic the generic role of the extracellular matrix. The tools of modern genetic engineering a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tanaka M,Sackmann E

更新日期：2005-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Called the "mystery of mysteries" by Darwin, speciation is still a little-understood area of evolution. Genetic analysis, however, has yielded new generalizations about speciation and suggests promising avenues of research. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Coyne JA

更新日期：1992-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Signals elicited by binding of the T-cell antigen receptor and the CD4/CD8 co-receptor to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules control the generation of CD4+ (helper) or CD8+ (cytotoxic) T cells from thymic precursors that initially express both co-receptor proteins. These precursors have unique, clonally ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yasutomo K,Doyle C,Miele L,Fuchs C,Germain RN

更新日期：2000-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A product encoded at the claret locus in Drosophila is needed for normal chromosome segregation in meiosis in females and in early mitotic divisions of the embryo. The predicted amino-acid sequence of the segregation protein was shown recently to be strikingly similar to Drosophila kinesin heavy chain. We have express...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Walker RA,Salmon ED,Endow SA

更新日期：1990-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A temperature sensitive mutant has been isolated for the first time from a replication defective acute leukaemia virus, AEV. In vivo, at 41 degrees C, the mutant shows a reduced leukaemogenic potential. In vitro, in erythroblasts transformed at 35 degrees C, haemoglobin synthesis can be induced by a shift to 41 degree...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Graf T,Ade N,Beug H

更新日期：1978-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies can now be genetically engineered and endowed with new properties. In the future, gene technology could enable antigen-binding fragments to be made by exploiting repertoires of variable domain genes derived from immunized animals and expressed in bacteria. How readily can this approach be extende...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Winter G,Milstein C

更新日期：1991-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Remodelling its shape, or morphogenesis, is a fundamental property of living tissue. It underlies much of embryonic development and numerous pathologies. Convergent extension (CE) of the axial mesoderm of vertebrates is an intensively studied model for morphogenetic processes that rely on cell rearrangement. It involv...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ninomiya H,Elinson RP,Winklbauer R

更新日期：2004-07-15 00:00:00