Abstract:
:Root proliferation as a response to exploit zones of nutrient enrichment in soil has been demonstrated for a wide range of plant species. However, the effectiveness of this as a strategy to acquire nutrients is also dependent on interactions with the soil microbial community. Specifically, C-flow from roots modifies microbial activity and probably the balance between nutrient mineralization and immobilization processes in the rhizosphere. In this study, near-natural abundance 13C-labelling and gene-reporter methods were applied to determine the effects of uneven nitrate supply to roots of Hordeum vulgare on assimilate partitioning and root exudation. Plants were initially grown in uniform nitrate supply in split-root, sand microcosms after which one treatment continued to receive uniform supply, and the other received nitrate to one root compartment only. At the time of imposing the treatments, the CO2 supplied to the plants was switched to a cylinder source, providing a distinct delta13C-signature and allowing the fate of new assimilate within the plants to be determined. The labelling approach allowed quantification of the expected preferential allocation of new C-assimilate to roots in enriched nitrate, prior to any measurable effect on whole biomass or root architecture. Biosensor (lux-marked Pseudomonas fluorescens 10586 pUCD607) bioluminescence, quantified spatially by CCD imaging, demonstrated that root exudation was significantly increased for roots in enriched nitrate. This response of root exudation, being primarily associated with root apices and concurrent with enhanced assimilate supply, strongly suggests that C-flow from roots is an integral component of the proliferation response to nitrate.
journal_name
J Exp Botjournal_title
Journal of experimental botanyauthors
Paterson E,Sim A,Standing D,Dorward M,McDonald AJdoi
10.1093/jxb/erj214subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
2413-20issue
10eissn
0022-0957issn
1460-2431pii
erj214journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Leaf senescence is a programmed developmental process governed by various endogenous and exogenous factors, such as the plant developmental stage, leaf age, phytohormone levels, darkness, and exposure to stresses. It was found that, in addition to its well-documented role in the enhancement of plant frost tolerance, o...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erp300
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plants are known to produce NO via the reduction of nitrite. Oxidative NO production in plants has been considered only with respect to a nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Here it is shown that tobacco cell suspensions emitted NO when hydroxylamine (HA) or salicylhydroxamate (SHAM), a frequently used AOX inhibitor, was add...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erp077
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of steroid hormones regulating plant growth and development. Since BRs do not undergo transport among plant tissues, their metabolism is tightly regulated by transcription factors (TFs) and feedback loops. BAS1 (CYP734A1, formerly CYP72B1) and SOB7 (CYP72C1) are two BR-inactivating c...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erz468
更新日期:2020-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Jasmonates are signaling compounds that regulate plant responses to stress. Jasmonic acid (JA) is the direct precursor of the bioactive plant hormone JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile), the ligand of the CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1-jasmonate ZIM-domain (COI1-JAZ) co-receptor complex. JA, its methyl ester, and three furanonyl esters ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ery114
更新日期:2018-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies of highly branched mutants in pea (rms1-rms5), Arabidopsis thaliana (max1-max4), petunia (dad1-dad3), and rice (d3, d10, htd1/d17, d14, d27) identified strigolactones or their derivates (SLs), as shoot branching inhibitors. This recent discovery offers the possibility of using SLs to regulate branchin...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq133
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the regulation of many biological processes in plants. Nonetheless, they are considered highly reactive and toxic to cells. Owing to their toxicity, as well as their important role in signaling, the level of ROS in cells needs to be tightly regulated. The ROS gene netwo...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw382
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants were grown aeroponically in a Singapore greenhouse under natural diurnally fluctuating ambient shoot temperatures, but at two different root-zone temperatures (RZTs): a constant 20 +/- 2 degrees C RZT and a diurnally fluctuating ambient (A) (25-40 degrees C) RZT. Plants grown at 20-R...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jexbot/51.343.239
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enhancement of Rubisco kinetics could improve photosynthetic efficiency, ultimately resulting in increased crop yield. However, imprecise knowledge of the reaction mechanism and the individual rate constants limits our ability to optimize the enzyme. Membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) may offer benefits over trad...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ery355
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::L-ascorbate (the reduced form of vitamin C) participates in diverse biological processes including pathogen defence mechanisms, and the modulation of plant growth and morphology, and also acts as an enzyme cofactor and redox status indicator. One of its chief biological functions is as an antioxidant. L-ascorbate inta...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ern322
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus is an important macronutrient for plant growth, but often deficient in soil. To understand the molecular basis of the complex responses of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to phosphate (Pi) deficiency stress, the RNA-Seq approach was taken to identify genes responding to Pi starvation in potato roots. A total ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erx026
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among 50 CLE gene family members in the Populus trichocarpa genome, three and six PtCLE genes encode a CLE motif sequence highly homologous to Arabidopsis CLV3 and TDIF peptides, respectively, which potentially make them functional equivalents. To test and compare their biological activity, we first chemically synthes...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw045
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth-defense trade-off in plant biology has gained enormous traction in the last two decades, highlighting the importance of understanding how plants deal with two of the greatest challenges for their survival and reproduction. It has been well established that in response to competition signals perceived by inf...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erz237
更新日期:2019-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Several types of small, endogenous signal peptides are now known to induce a wide range of local and systemic responses in plants, but how such signal peptide activity is transported over long distances remains unclear. In particular, the possible occurrence and root-to-shoot transport of signal peptide activity in th...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erm081
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenolic acids are important secondary metabolites produced in the Chinese medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza, but little is known about the transcription factors involved in the regulation of tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthesis. Here, a novel AP2/ERF transcription factor SmERF115 was isolated and functionally ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ery349
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A powerful technique is described to localize the activities of a range of enzymes in a wide variety of plant tissues. The method is based on the coupling of the enzymatic reaction to the reduction of NAD and subsequent reduction and precipitation of nitroblue tetrazolium. Enzymes that did not reduce NAD could be visu...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jexbot/53.367.361
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phytohormone ethylene plays important roles in regulating plant responses to phosphate (Pi) starvation. To date, however, no molecular components have been identified that interact with ethylene signalling in regulating such responses. In this work, an Arabidopsis mutant, hps4, was characterized that exhibits enha...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ers131
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the accumulation and distribution of essential nutrients in cereals is of primary importance for improving the nutritional quality of this staple food. While recent studies have improved the understanding of micronutrient loading into the barley grain, a detailed characterization of the distribution of m...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq270
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) rice has been widely used for hybrid rice seed production in China. However, CMS rice suffers from undesirable flowering habits including scattered floret opening time (FOT), which causes different FOTs among parental rice plants and greatly reduces hybrid rice seed production. Little is...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erx251
更新日期:2017-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Leaf gas exchange and temperature response were measured to assess temperature acclimation within a tree canopy in climatically contrasting genotypes of Acer rubrum L. Over the course of two 50 d continuous periods, growth temperature was controlled within tree crowns and the steady-state rate of leaf gas exchange was...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erm177
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Populus euphratica is a poplar species growing in arid regions of Central Asia, where its distribution remains nevertheless restricted to river-banks or to areas with an access to deep water tables. To test whether the hydraulic architecture of this species differs from that of other poplars with respect to this ecolo...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eri198
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This short review outlines the central role of glutamine synthetase (GS) in plant nitrogen metabolism and discusses some possibilities for crop improvement. GS functions as the major assimilatory enzyme for ammonia produced from N fixation, and nitrate or ammonia nutrition. It also reassimilates ammonia released as a ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jexbot/53.370.979
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellularly secreted peroxidases in cell suspension culture of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Bright Yellow-2, cell line BY-2) catalyse the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent formation of active oxygen species (AOS) which, in turn, triggers an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Addition of horseradish peroxid...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tomato is a model and economically important crop plant with little information available about gene expression in roots. Currently, there have only been a few studies that examine hormonal responses in tomato roots and none at a genome-wide level. This study examined the transcriptome atlas of tomato root regions (ro...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ers365
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The H2A.Z histone variant plays a role in the modulation of environmental responses, but the nature of the associated mechanisms remains enigmatic. We investigated global H2A.Z deposition and transcriptomic changes in rice (Oryza sativa) upon exposure to phosphate (Pi) deficiency and in response to RNAi knockdown of O...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ery244
更新日期:2018-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are evolutionarily conserved chromatin modifiers that regulate developmental pathways in plants. PcGs form nuclear multi-subunit Polycomb Repressive Complexes (PRCs). The PRC2 complex mediates gene repression via methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3, which consequently leads to chromati...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw373
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eutypa dieback is a vascular disease that may severely affect vineyards throughout the world. In the present work, microarrays were made in order (i) to improve our knowledge of grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon) responses to Eutypa lata, the causal agent of Eutypa dieback; and (ii) to identify genes th...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq040
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been discovered in crops, where some of causal quantitative trait genes (QTGs) may not be functionally characterized even in model plant Arabidopsis. We propose an approach to delineate QTGs by coordinating expression of genes located within QTL in crops and known orthologs related w...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa563
更新日期:2020-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential for many biological processes in plants, however, little is known about their roles in early fruit development. To address this, BR levels were manipulated through the application of exogenous BRs (24-epibrassinolide, EBR) or a BR biosynthesis inhibitor (brassinazole, Brz) and thei...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ern093
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flowering is a critical period in the life cycle of flowering plant species, resulting in an irreversible commitment of significant resources. Wheat is photoperiod sensitive, flowering only when daylength surpasses a critical length; however, photoperiod insensitivity (PI) has been selected by plant breeders for >40 y...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert038
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Next-generation sequencing enables the study of species without a sequenced genome at the 'omics' level. Custom transcriptome databases are generated and global expression profiles can be compared. However, the assembly of transcriptome sequence reads into contigs remains a daunting task. In this study, five different...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/err029
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00