Abstract:
:Since Vibrio cholerae O139 first appeared in 1992, both O1 El Tor and O139 have been recognized as the epidemic serogroups, although their geographic distribution, endemicity, and reservoir are not fully understood. To address this lack of information, a study of the epidemiology and ecology of V. cholerae O1 and O139 was carried out in two coastal areas, Bakerganj and Mathbaria, Bangladesh, where cholera occurs seasonally. The results of a biweekly clinical study (January 2004 to May 2005), employing culture methods, and of an ecological study (monthly in Bakerganj and biweekly in Mathbaria from March 2004 to May 2005), employing direct and enrichment culture, colony blot hybridization, and direct fluorescent-antibody methods, showed that cholera is endemic in both Bakerganj and Mathbaria and that V. cholerae O1, O139, and non-O1/non-O139 are autochthonous to the aquatic environment. Although V. cholerae O1 and O139 were isolated from both areas, most noteworthy was the isolation of V. cholerae O139 in March, July, and September 2004 in Mathbaria, where seasonal cholera was clinically linked only to V. cholerae O1. In Mathbaria, V. cholerae O139 emerged as the sole cause of a significant outbreak of cholera in March 2005. V. cholerae O1 reemerged clinically in April 2005 and established dominance over V. cholerae O139, continuing to cause cholera in Mathbaria. In conclusion, the epidemic potential and coastal aquatic reservoir for V. cholerae O139 have been demonstrated. Based on the results of this study, the coastal ecosystem of the Bay of Bengal is concluded to be a significant reservoir for the epidemic serogroups of V. cholerae.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Alam M,Hasan NA,Sadique A,Bhuiyan NA,Ahmed KU,Nusrin S,Nair GB,Siddique AK,Sack RB,Sack DA,Huq A,Colwell RRdoi
10.1128/AEM.00066-06subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-06-01 00:00:00pages
4096-104issue
6eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
72/6/4096journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A soil bacterial consortium that was grown on diesel fuel and consisted of more than 10 members from different genera was maintained through repetitive subculturing and was utilized as a practical model to investigate a bacterial community that was continuously exposed to petroleum hydrocarbons. Through metagenomics a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02268-20
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::The metagenomic approach provides direct access to diverse unexplored genomes, especially from uncultivated bacteria in a given environment. This diversity can conceal many new biosynthetic pathways. Type I polyketide synthases (PKSI) are modular enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of many natural products of industr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.9.5522-5527.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we describe the association of three Campylobacter jejuni metabolism-related traits, γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT), fucose permease (fucP), and secreted L-asparaginase [ansB(s)], with multilocus sequence types (STs). A total of 710 C. jejuni isolates with known STs were selected and originated from hu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01023-12
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The strictly anaerobic pathogenic bacterium Clostridium difficile occurs in the human gut and is able to thrive from fermentation of leucine. Thereby the amino acid is both oxidized to isovalerate plus CO(2) and reduced to isocaproate. In the reductive branch of this pathway, the dehydration of (R)-2-hydroxyisocaproyl...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00772-06
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was shown recently that recombinant Escherichia coli, defective in the beta-oxidation cycle and harboring a medium-chain-length (MCL) poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymerase-encoding gene of Pseudomonas, is able to produce MCL PHA from fatty acids but not from sugars or gluconate (S. Langenbach, B. H. A. Rehm, an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.2.540-548.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The contributions of various components of soil microflora and microfauna to rhizosphere phosphatase activity were determined with hydroponic cultures. Three treatments were employed: (i) plants alone (Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag. ex Steud.) (ii) plants plus bacteria (Pseudomonas sp.), and (iii) plants plus bacter...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.5.943-946.1979
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kidneys showing renal changes characteristic for mycotoxic porcine nephropathy were collected during the period 1 April 1982 to 31 March 1983 from 225,000 swine processed in a large slaughterhouse in the district of Poznań, Poland. Of 113 kidneys suspected of mycotoxic porcine nephropathy, 27 exhibited ochratoxin A le...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.6.1210-1212.1984
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The production of a suitable substrate for the cultivation of the common white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, is referred to as composting. High microbiological activity causes temperatures of the composting material to rise as high as 80 degrees C. At stacking, an optimal oxygen consumption rate of 140 mumol of ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.10.3029-3034.1990
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anaerobic treatment of a volatile fatty acid (VFA) mixture was investigated under psychrophilic (3 to 8 degrees C) conditions in two laboratory-scale expanded granular sludge bed reactor stages in series. The reactor system was seeded with mesophilic methanogenic granular sludge and fed with a mixture of VFAs. Good re...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.4.1696-1702.1999
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renibacterium salmoninarum, a gram-positive diplococcobacillus, causes bacterial kidney disease, a condition that can result in extensive morbidity and mortality among stocks of fish. An immunodominant extracellular protein, called major soluble antigen (MSA), is encoded by two identical genes, msa1 and msa2. We found...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.11.6488-6494.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many cyanobacterial strains are able to grow at a pH range from neutral to pH 10 or 11. Such alkaline conditions favor cyanobacterial growth (e.g., bloom formation), and cyanobacteria must have developed strategies to adjust to changes in CO2 concentration and ion availability. Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 exhibi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00883-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of condensed tannins from birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) on the cellulolytic rumen bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 was examined. Condensed tannins inhibited endoglucanase activity in the extracellular culture fluid, at concentrations as low as 25 mug ml. In contrast, cell-associated endogl...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.7.2132-2138.1993
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of chemical, microbial, and eukaryotic indicators have been proposed as indicators of fecal pollution sources in water bodies. No single one of the indicators tested to date has been able to determine the source of fecal pollution in water. However, the combined use of different indicators has been demonstrat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02350-09
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterotrophic bacteria in the SAR11 and Roseobacter lineages shape the marine carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur cycles, yet they do so having adopted divergent ecological strategies. Currently, it is unknown whether these globally significant groups partition into specific niches with respect to micronutrients...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03128-15
更新日期:2016-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a radiolabeled oligonucleotide probe were used to specifically detect proteolytic and nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum type B. Two synthetic primers deduced from the amino acid sequence data of type B neurotoxin were used to amplify a 1.5-kbp fragment corresponding to the li...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.58.1.418-420.1992
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nutristat, a substrate concentration-controlled continuous culture, was used to grow pentachlorophenol (PCP)-degrading microorganisms. The PCP concentration control system consisted of on-line measurement of the PCP concentration in the culture vessel with a tangential filter and a flowthrough spectrophotometer. W...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.10.3373-3377.1993
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043 can grow on N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG) as the sole C, N, and energy source and utilize sarcosine as the sole N source under aerobic conditions. However, little is known about the genes and enzymes involved in the conversion of DMG to sarcosine in this strain. In the present study, g...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01186-20
更新日期:2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::To elevate the production level of heterologous polyketide in Streptomyces venezuelae, an additional copy of the positive regulatory gene pikD was introduced into the pikromycin (Pik) polyketide synthase (PKS) deletion mutant of S. venezuelae ATCC 15439 expressing tylosin PKS genes. The resulting mutant strain showed ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02296-07
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of microbial viability by the plate count method is routine in microbiology laboratories worldwide. However, limitations of the technique, particularly with respect to environmental microorganisms, are widely recognized. Many alternatives based upon viability staining have been proposed, and these are of...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/AEM.00744-11
更新日期:2011-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Strain-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were developed for three different bacterial isolates obtained from a freshwater environment (Lake Plusssee) in the spring of 1990. The three isolates, which were identified by molecular methods, were as follows: Cytophaga johnsonae PX62, Comamonas acidovorans PX54, and Aer...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.11.4534-4542.1997
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Chloroflexi CL500-11 clade contributes a large proportion of the bacterial biomass in the oxygenated hypolimnia of deep lakes worldwide, including the world's largest freshwater system, the Laurentian Great Lakes. Traits that allow CL500-11 to thrive and its biogeochemical role in these environments are currently ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03014-15
更新日期:2015-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are an important class of secondary metabolites known for their protection against UV radiation and other stress factors. Cyanobacteria produce a variety of MAAs, including shinorine, the active ingredient in many sunscreen creams. Bioinformatic analysis of the genome of the soil-dw...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01632-16
更新日期:2016-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Organic matter in sewage, soil, and aquatic systems may enhance or inhibit the infectivity of viruses associated with particulates (e.g., clay minerals, sediments). The purpose of this investigation was to identify the mechanisms whereby organic matter, in the form of defined proteins, affects the adsorption of reovir...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.48.3.525-530.1984
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aphanothece halophytica is a halotolerant alkaliphilic cyanobacterium which can grow at NaCl concentrations up to 3.0 M and at pH values up to 11. The genome sequence revealed that the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 contains five putative Na+/H+ antiporters, two of which are homologous to NhaP of Pse...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.8.4176-4184.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the ecological and genetic role of viruses in the marine environment, it is critical to know the infectivity of viruses and the types of interactions that occur between marine viruses and their hosts. We isolated four marine phages from turbid plaques by using four indigenous bacterial hosts obtained fro...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.2.535-542.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To secure food and water safety, quantitative information on multiple pathogens is important. In this study, we developed a microfluidic quantitative PCR (MFQPCR) system to simultaneously quantify 11 major human viral pathogens, including adenovirus, Aichi virus, astrovirus, enterovirus, human norovirus, rotavirus, sa...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02578-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seven organotin compounds and tin chloride were tested for their effects on the methanogenic bacteria Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, Methanococcus deltae delta LH, and Methanosarcina barkeri 227. The methanogens were strongly inhibited by triethyltin, tripropyltin, and monophenyltin compounds, generally at concen...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.4.1189-1193.1991
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio tubiashii is a recently reemerging pathogen of larval bivalve mollusks, causing both toxigenic and invasive disease. Marine Vibrio spp. produce an array of extracellular products as potential pathogenicity factors. Culture supernatants of V. tubiashii have been shown to be toxic to oyster larvae and were report...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00061-08
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The application of whole cells containing cytochrome P-450BM-3 monooxygenase [EC 1.14.14.1] for the bioconversion of long-chain saturated fatty acids to omega-1, omega-2, and omega-3 hydroxy fatty acids was investigated. We utilized pentadecanoic acid and studied its conversion to a mixture of 12-, 13-, and 14-hydroxy...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.10.3784-3790.1998
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcaligenes eutrophus was grown autotrophically in 23-liter batch cultures in a controlled H2-O2-CO2 atmosphere. It was demonstrated that the need for periodic supplements of individual nutrients could be anticipated before cell growth depleted these nutrients to the point of becoming growth rate limiting. As a result...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.32.4.592-597.1976
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00