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Effect of copper and diethyldithiocarbamate combination therapy on the macular mouse, an animal model of Menkes disease.

Abstract：

:Menkes disease (MD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a copper deficiency in the brain. It is caused by the defective intestinal absorption of copper resulting from a deficiency of a copper-transporting ATPase, ATP7A. This gives rise to an accumulation of copper in the intestine. The copper deficiency in the brain of MD patients cannot be improved by copper injections, because the administered copper accumulates at the blood-brain barrier and is not transported across to the neurons. To resolve this problem, we investigated the effect of a combination therapy of copper and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), a lypophilic chelator, in an animal model of MD, the macular mouse. Four-week-old macular mice treated with 50 mug of CuCl2 on the 7th day after birth were used. Experimental mice were given a subcutaneous injection of CuCl2 (4 microg) and an intraperitoneal injection of DEDTC (0.2 mg/g body weight) twice a week for 4 weeks and then sacrificed. Copper concentrations and cytochrome-c oxidase activity in the brains of treated mice were higher than those of control macular mice, which received only copper or saline. The ratios of brain noradrenaline to dopamine and of adrenaline to dopamine were also increased by the treatment, suggesting that the activity of dopamine beta-hydroxylase, a copper-dependent enzyme, was improved by the treatment. Liver and renal function tests showed no abnormalities in the treated mice, although copper concentrations in the kidneys of treated mice were higher than those of control macular mice. These results suggest that DEDTC facilitates the passage of copper across the blood-brain barrier and that the combination therapy of copper and DEDTC may be an effective treatment for the neurological disturbances suffered by patients with MD.

journal_name

J Inherit Metab Dis

journal_title

Journal of inherited metabolic disease

authors

Kodama H,Sato E,Gu YH,Shiga K,Fujisawa C,Kozuma T

doi

10.1007/s10545-005-0150-6

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-01-01 00:00:00

pages

971-8

issue

eissn

0141-8955

issn

1573-2665

journal_volume

pub_type

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Effect of copper and diethyldithiocarbamate combination therapy on the macular mouse, an animal model of Menkes disease.