Abstract:
:Continuous monitoring of existing methods of skeletal diagnosis allows improving the reliability of personal identification in forensic and archaeological contexts. This study reports on a blind test re-evaluating the sexing technique proposed by Rogers (8) involving the distal humerus. A total of 351 humeri (184 male, 167 female specimens) from the documented skeletal assemblage of St. Bride's, London, was analyzed for the following traits: trochlear constriction, trochlear symmetry, olecranon fossa shape, and angle of the medial epicondyle. Individual traits showed substantial sex-discriminatory capacity, with "olecranon fossa shape" being most consistently accurate (84.6%) in predicting sex. The combination of all four traits provided an overall accuracy of 79.1%, including those individuals assessed as "probable" male and female. This renders the technique useful for forensic applications. The distal humerus can be recommended for sex assessment in addition to more established markers, especially since this part of the skeleton is frequently well preserved.
journal_name
J Forensic Scijournal_title
Journal of forensic sciencesauthors
Falys CG,Schutkowski H,Weston DAkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
1289-93issue
6eissn
0022-1198issn
1556-4029journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract::From the works of Broca and Krogman to modern-day Jantz and Buikstra, the orbit has been used for both quantitative and qualitative sex and race estimation. This study evaluates the practical value of these estimations. Orbital height and breadth were measured to determine the orbital index and assess differences betw...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01864.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ideal and actual characteristics of specialist search dogs have been examined in questionnaire surveys of 244 dog handlers and trainers from the six main UK dog-using Government agencies. The ten most important characteristics were (ideal level in brackets): acuity of sense of smell (very high), incentive to find ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to achieve a referral database for dental age estimation of unaccompanied minors of Thai nationality. A total of 1199 orthopantomograms were collected from original Thai women and men equally divided in age categories between 15 and 24 years. On the radiographs, the developmental stage of the...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00961.x
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inks from seven black and eight blue ballpoint pens were separated by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method utilizing a photodiode array detection (PDA). A classifier flowchart was designed for the chromatographic data based on the presence or absence of certain peaks at different wavelengths to quali...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In fire debris analysis, weathering of ignitable liquids and matrix interferences can make the identification of ignitable liquid residues (ILRs) difficult. An objective method was developed to associate ILRs with the corresponding neat liquid with discrimination from matrix interferences using principal components an...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01563.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low explosives such as smokeless powder, black powder, and black powder substitutes have been used in illicit pipe bombings throughout the United States. Some of the newer black powder substitutes are formulated with ascorbic acid, which gradually decomposes as the powder ages, making it difficult if not impossible fo...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis of death as a result of starvation is established on anthropological measurements, visual appearance of the deceased on external and internal examination, microscopic analysis, laboratory testing, and exclusion of other causes of death. Herein, we present our findings on a case of 95-year-old man who die...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13244
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stepwise multiple discriminant function analysis is used to establish classification functions for sex assessment of North American white femora. The functions correctly assign sex for 82% of a sample consisting of 85 femora of verified age, sex, and race, and for a similarly verified test sample of 30. The objectives...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin detail of the hand is used in photographic comparisons, yet its reliability has not been evaluated. This study examines a count-based method for documenting skin features. In Part I, 14 individuals counted skin features on 40 color images of the hand, three of which were repeated. An average correlation value of ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12824
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dental maturity of 1031 healthy southern French subjects aged between 2 and 18 years was studied with dental panoramic tomograms. Demirjian's method based on seven and eight teeth has been used to determine maturity scores as a function of age and polynomial functions to determine age as a function of score. We gi...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Johns Hopkins University Center for Craniofacial Development and Disorders estimates that 1 in 3,000 children born in the United States is diagnosed with a rare form of craniosynostosis. Although the medical literature has documented numerous descriptions of craniofacial disorders from an anthropometric or genetic...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00872.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In late June 1990, the Mono County Sheriffs Department in Bridgeport, CA contacted the Physical Anthropology Human Identification Laboratory (PAHIL) at California State University, Chico to seek assistance in the identification of a recently discovered skull. To assist with possible identification, the cranium receive...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The delusional misidentification syndromes are characterized by a misidentification delusion of the self and/or others. Delusional misidentification syndromes frequently occur in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, psychotic disorder due to general medical condition, or psychotic disorder not otherwise specifie...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study explores the usefulness of forensic medical examination (FME) irrespective of police request and police-reporting practices at a self-referral Sexual Assault Centre (SAC). The study is retrospective, descriptive: a 2-year series of cases from a Scandinavian SAC and corresponding police files. Among 354 SAC ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01880.x
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this paper is to provide guidelines for the recognition of human remains from modem and historic cemeteries found in a forensic context. Three avenues of evidence may be pursued to confirm the origin of cemetery remains: context, condition of the body, and associated artifacts. This article outlines typ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Slimming cactus (Hoodia), found only in southwestern Africa, is a well-known herbal product for losing weight. Consequently, Hoodia extracts are sought-after worldwide despite a CITES Appendix II status. The failure to eradicate illegal trade is due to problems with detecting and identifying Hoodia using morphological...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12184
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrokinetic injection (EI) is the primary method used in forensic laboratories to load amplified PCR product in capillary electrophoresis for short tandem repeat (STR) fragment separation. Because all samples subjected to capillary electrophoresis use internal lane standard (ILS), this study investigated the conseq...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12945
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reducing amplicon sizes has become a major strategy for analyzing degraded DNA typical of forensic samples. However, amplicon sizes in current mini-short tandem repeat-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mini-sequencing assays are still not suitable for analysis of severely degraded DNA. In this study, we present a mu...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01166.x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since forensic facial approximations are used to promote recognition of a deceased person, an accurate forensic facial approximation (FFA) should be easily recognized as the person to whom the skull belonged (target individual). However, the accuracy of FFAs has been previously assessed by the direct comparison of an ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allele frequencies for the locus D1S80 were determined in African American, Caucasian, Southeastern Hispanic, Southwestern Hispanic, and Oriental sample populations using the polymerase chain reaction and subsequent electrophoresis and silver staining of the amplified products. Due to the presence of anodal and cathod...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paleontology and facies analysis proved to be useful tools in activities of intelligence and investigation on some criminal cases, as well as in in-court activities, thus defining the "forensic paleontology" area of study. The definition was given by analyzing its possible specific applications and excluding some marg...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12084
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a craniofacial malformation affecting more than seven million people worldwide that results in defects of the hard palate, teeth, maxilla, nasal spine and floor, and maxillodental asymmetry. CLP facial soft-tissue depth (FSTD) values have never been published. The purpose of this research...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12645
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last 15 years, the US Supreme Court has implemented major changes concerning the admittance of expert testimony. In 1993, Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals superseded the Frye ruling in federal courts and established judges, not the scientific community, as the gatekeepers regarding the credibility of scie...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00771.x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of forensic age estimation in living subjects has grown over the last few years. In dental age estimation, tooth eruption is a parameter of developmental morphology that can be analyzed by either clinical examination or by evaluation of dental X-rays. In the present study, we determined the stage of wis...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00534.x
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reproducibility of quantitative PCR results is dependent on the generation of consistent calibration curves via accurate volume transfers and instrument performance. A review of 14 standard curves, using two different QuantDuo® standard DNA lots, showed variability of cycle threshold values between assays were larger ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01460.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extraction of DNA from human skeletal remains applied to forensic, and evolutionary studies do not exclude risks, which are to be evaluated when working with unique specimens that could be damaged or even destroyed. In the present study were evaluated several nondestructive methods for recovering DNA instead of th...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12568
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aortic aneurysms are a common autopsy finding, but aneurysms confined exclusively to the subclavian arteries are rare. When found, they are typically associated with trauma, surgery, or aberrant vessel distribution. Subclavian-esophageal fistula formation is also rare, with the vast majority being related to aberrant ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Domestic homicide is the most extreme form of domestic violence and one of the most common types of homicide. The objective was to examine differences between spontaneous domestic homicide and nondomestic homicide offenders regarding demographics, psychiatric history, crime characteristics, and neuropsychological stat...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12908
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have been published regarding suicidal hanging deaths, and most forensic pathologists and coroners are very familiar with such causes of death. Forensic pathologists are challenged over their rulings regarding manner of death in part because the general public has a limited scope of knowledge. One such ch...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02230.x
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sequences of the two hypervariable (HV) segments of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region were determined in 167 randomly selected, unrelated individuals living in the state of Alagoas, north-eastern Brazil. One hundred and forty-five different haplotypes, associated with 139 variable positions, were determ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00619.x
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00