Abstract:
:A stable bacterial community absorbed and transformed the herbicide metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl- 6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)-acetamide] from a liquid medium. About 80% of the added ring-[U-C]metolachlor (50 mug/ml) disappeared from the medium and accumulated inside the cells. The ratio of cellular C to C in 1 mg of supernatant reached a value of 1.1 x 10 in a 10-day-old culture. C remaining in the medium consisted primarily of two dechlorinated products of metolachlor with m/z 233 and 263 as determined by mass spectrometry. The C-labeled material absorbed by the cells was strongly bound; only 2% of the C was released into deionized water after shaking for 3 h. Approximately 96% of the C associated with the biomass was extracted with acetone, and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of this fraction showed six peaks containing radioactivity. Since no metolachlor was detected by chromatographic analysis, it was concluded that the radioactivity recovered from the cells represented transformed products of metolachlor. Pure cultures isolated from the bacterial mixed culture were less effective in transforming and accumulating metolachlor. These results suggest that it may be advantageous to seed an aquatic environment with a mixture of microorganisms, rather than individual microbial species, as a method for removal or detoxification of metolachlor.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Liu SY,Zheng Z,Zhang R,Bollag JMdoi
10.1128/AEM.55.3.733-740.1989keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-03-01 00:00:00pages
733-40issue
3eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Aeromonas caviae W-61, which was isolated from water samples at the Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, produced beta-1, 4-xylanase (1,4-beta-d-xylan xylanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.8) extracellularly. The xylanase was purified to homogeneity by using DEAE-Sephadex A-50, CM-Sephadex C-50, and Sephadex G-100 column ch...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.2.445-449.1991
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas fluorescens is able to produce the medically and industrially important exopolysaccharide alginate. The proteins involved in alginate biosynthesis and secretion form a multiprotein complex spanning the inner and outer membranes. In the present study, we developed a method by which the porin AlgE was detect...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03114-15
更新日期:2015-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Beef carcass sponge samples collected from July to August 1999 at four large processing plants in the United States were surveyed for the presence of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Twenty-eight (93%) of 30 single-source lots surveyed included at least one sample containing non-O157 STEC. Of 33...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.10.4847-4852.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 531 in vol. 41.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed at the long-term storage of rumen protozoa as living cells in liquid nitrogen. The two-step or interrupted slow freezing procedure was used to cryopreserve six of the dominant species of rumen ciliates isolated from monofaunated animals, Dasytricha ruminantium, Entodinium caudatum, Epidinium ec...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.7.3826-3832.2003
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the current study, we adapted and optimized the lambda Red recombineering strategy to genetically manipulate the fastidious insect endosymbiont Sodalis glossinidius. This work greatly facilitates the application of genetics to the study of insect symbionts and should also prove useful in the context of long-awaited...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02166-10
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris grows with the aromatic acid benzoate and the alicyclic acid cyclohexanecarboxylate (CHC) as sole carbon sources. The enzymatic steps in an oxygen-independent pathway for CHC degradation have been elucidated, but it was unknown how the CHC operon (badHI aliAB badK) encoding the...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00377-15
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory column studies were conducted at the Utah Water Research Laboratory, Logan, Utah, to evaluate reovirus removal from drinking water supplies by slow-rate sand filtration (SSF). Columns, constructed to simulate a full-scale SSF field operation, were inoculated with reovirus at ca. 1,000-times-greater concentr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.48.4.818-825.1984
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isophthalate (IPA) degradation gene cluster (iphACBDR) responsible for the conversion of IPA into protocatechuate (PCA) was isolated from Comamonas sp. strain E6, which utilizes phthalate isomers as sole carbon and energy sources via the PCA 4,5-cleavage pathway. Based on amino acid sequence similarity, the iphA, ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01270-09
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two strains of Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 Inaba were isolated from eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, collected from estuarine waters in Florida during April 1980. The oyster meats and waters from which the oysters were collected had low fecal coliform counts, and the area had no prior evidence of sewage contami...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.41.2.559-560.1981
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhodococcus equi is a leading cause of severe pneumonia in foals. Standard treatment is dual antimicrobial therapy with a macrolide and rifampin, but the emergence of macrolide- and rifampin-resistant R. equi isolates is an increasing problem. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of macrolide and/or...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02665-18
更新日期:2019-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::An extracellular serine protease produced by a mutant, M1, derived from Streptomyces albogriseolus S-3253 that no longer produces a protease inhibitor (Streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor [SSI]) was isolated. A 20-kDa protein was purified by its affinity for SSI and designated SAM-P20. The amino acid sequence of the ami...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.1.180-186.1995
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three common food pathogenic microorganisms were exposed to treatments simulating those used in food processing. Treated cell suspensions were then analyzed for reduction in growth by plate counting. Flow cytometry (FCM) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) were carried out on treated cells stained for membr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00323-11
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The beta-subgroup of the Proteobacteria has been shown to be important in aquatic habitats and was investigated in depth here by molecular 16S rRNA techniques in biofilms of the Elbe River and its polluted tributary, the Spittelwasser River. The bacterial 16S rRNA genes were cloned from each site, screened for beta-pr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.8.4463-4473.2003
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The N-chloramine compound 3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone (agent I) has been compared with calcium hypochlorite as to its efficacy as a bactericide for the treatment of water. The study included concentration, contact time, pH, temperature, and water quality as controlled variables. The species of bacteria teste...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.3.637-643.1985
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia fergusonii is an emerging pathogen that has been isolated from a wide range of infections in animals and humans. Primers targeting specific genes, including yliE (encoding a conserved hypothetical protein of the cellulose synthase and regulator of cellulose synthase island), EFER_1569 (encoding a hypotheti...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.04169-13
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The persistence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) was determined both in mixtures of septic tank effluent (STE) with dairy cattle manure slurry (DCMS) and in mixtures of STE with swine manure slurry (SMS). HAV was consistently inactivated more rapidly in the two types of mixed wastes than in STE alone or in the control Dulbe...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.1.87-91.1995
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although molecular techniques have identified Helicobacter pylori in drinking water-associated biofilms, there is a lack of studies reporting what factors affect the attachment of the bacterium to plumbing materials. Therefore, the adhesion of H. pylori suspended in distilled water to stainless steel 304 (SS304) coupo...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.4.2936-2941.2006
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allozyme electrophoresis and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses were used to examine the genetic diversity of a collection of 18 Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii, 1 R. leguminosarum bv. viciae, and 2 R. meliloti strains. Allozyme analysis at 28 loci revealed 16 electrophoretic types. The mean...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.12.3489-3495.1991
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Veratryl alcohol, added as a supplement to cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, enhanced ligninase activity through protection of the ligninase against inactivation by hydrogen peroxide produced by this fungus in cultures. In the presence of veratryl alcohol, the loss of ligninase activity observed in non-protein-...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.2.466-472.1988
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyester-rayon blend wipes were evaluated for efficiency of extraction and recovery of powdered Bacillus atrophaeus spores from stainless steel and painted wallboard surfaces. Method limits of detection were also estimated for both surfaces. The observed mean efficiency of polyester-rayon blend wipe recovery from sta...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01082-06
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acetoin reductase (ACR) catalyzes the conversion of acetoin to 2,3-butanediol. Under certain conditions, Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 (and strains derived from it) generates both d- and l-stereoisomers of acetoin, but because of the absence of an ACR enzyme, it does not produce 2,3-butanediol. A gene encoding A...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01616-10
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic (AAP) bacteria are photoheterotrophic microbes that are found in a broad range of aquatic environments. Although potentially significant to the microbial ecology and biogeochemistry of marine ecosystems, their abundance and genetic diversity and the environmental variables that regulate...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06268-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disruption of the aflatoxin biosynthesis cluster gene aflY (hypA) gave Aspergillus parasiticus transformants that accumulated versicolorin A. This gene is predicted to encode the Baeyer-Villiger oxidase necessary for formation of the xanthone ring of the aflatoxin precursor demethylsterigmatocystin. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8963-8965.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations concerning the role of distribution system biofilms on water quality were conducted at a drinking water utility in New Jersey. The utility experienced long-term bacteriological problems in the distribution system, while treatment plant effluents were uniformly negative for coliform bacteria. Results of ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.12.2714-2724.1987
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular pH (pH(in)) is a tightly regulated physiological parameter, which controls cell performance in all living systems. The purpose of this work was to evaluate if and how H(+) homeostasis is accomplished by an industrial wine strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae while fermenting real must under the harsh winer...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01355-12
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of antimicrobial agents on the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter isolates recovered from 300 beef cattle maintained in an experimental feedlot was monitored over a 315-day period (11 sample times). Groups of calves were assigned to one of the following antimicrobial treatment...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.7.3872-3881.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caulobacter crescentus is known to tolerate high levels of uranium [U(VI)], but its detoxification mechanism is poorly understood. Here we show that C. crescentus is able to facilitate U(VI) biomineralization through the formation of U-Pi precipitates via its native alkaline phosphatase activity. The U-Pi precipitates...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01050-14
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phormium yellow leaf (PYL) phytoplasma causes a lethal disease of the monocotyledon, New Zealand flax (Phormium tenax). The 16S rRNA genes of PYL phytoplasma were amplified from infected flax by PCR and cloned, and the nucleotide sequences were determined. DNA sequencing and Southern hybridization analysis of genomic ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.9.3133-3139.1996
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Examination of cucumber roots (Cucumis sativus L.) grown in bark compost media and of the surrounding edaphic substrate showed profiles of polar lipid fatty acids commonly found in bacteria. The composition of fatty acids in these profiles differed significantly between roots grown in a medium naturally suppressive to...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.6.1368-1374.1989
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00