Abstract:
:An inert polysaccharide scaffold identified as a 5-15% component of prion rods (PrP 27-30) is unambiguously distinguishable from the N-glycosyl groups and the GPI anchor of PrP, and consists predominantly of 1,4-linked glucose with some branching via 1,4,6-linked glucose. We show that this polysaccharide scaffold is a common secondary component of prions found in hamster full-length PrP(Sc), prion rods and in mouse ScN2a prions from cell culture. The preparation from prion rods was improved, resulting in a polysaccharide scaffold free of remaining infectivity. Furthermore, we determined the stereochemistry of the glycoside linkages as pre-dominantly if not entirely alpha-glycosidic. The origin of the polysaccharide, its interaction with PrP and its potential relation to glycogen and corpora amylacea are discussed.
journal_name
Biol Chemjournal_title
Biological chemistryauthors
Dumpitak C,Beekes M,Weinmann N,Metzger S,Winklhofer KF,Tatzelt J,Riesner Ddoi
10.1515/BC.2005.131keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
1149-55issue
11eissn
1431-6730issn
1437-4315journal_volume
386pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We recently reported that human melanoma cells, but not benign melanocytes, aberrantly express kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7). Here, we show a KLK7 overexpression-mediated decrease of cell adhesion to extracellular matrix binding proteins, associated with downregulation of α5/β1/αv/β3 integrin expression. We al...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hsz-2017-0339
更新日期:2018-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitous calpains, mu- and m-calpain, have been implicated in essential physiological processes and various pathologies. Cell-permeable specific inhibitors are important tools to elucidate the roles of calpains in cultivated cells and animal models. The synthetic N-acetylated 27-mer peptide derived from exon B o...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.2003.045
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meprins are zinc-endopeptidases of the astacin family, which are expressed as membrane-bound or secreted forms in renal and intestinal brush-border membranes of mouse, rat and man. There are two types of meprin subunits, alpha and beta, which form disulfide-bonded homo- and heterodimers; further oligomerization is med...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.2003.092
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycoconjugates have a whole spectrum of biological roles, from those that appear trivial to those that are crucial. Results accumulated in the past years indicate they might also play an important role in the response to stress, a complex physiological response of the human organism to various threats. We have recent...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.1999.058
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent reports presented contradictory results regarding the catabolism of mature atrial (ANP) and brain (BNP) natriuretic peptides in circulation. Especially the role of neutral endopeptidase (NEP) in BNP degradation was conversely discussed. Our present in vitro-studies characterize the NEP-dependent metabolism of A...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.2004.036
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial proteases secreted into an infected host may exhibit a wide range of pathogenic potentials. Staphylococci, in particular Staphylococcus aureus, are known to produce several extracellular proteases, including serine-, cysteine- and metalloenzymes. Their insensitivity to most human plasma protease inhibitors a...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/BC.2002.116
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied ribonuclease T1 (EC 3.1-27.3)-catalysed synthesis of guanylyl-(3'-->5')cytidine in frozen aqueous reaction mixtures at -10 degrees C and in solution at 0 degree C in order to investigate whether ribonuclease-catalysed synthetic reactions can take advantage of the yield-increasing effect of freezing as ...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/bchm.1997.378.2.115
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder, caused by an impaired function of β-glucocerebrosidase, which results in accumulation of glucocerebroside in cells, and altered membrane ordering. Using electron paramagnetic resonance spin labeling, a statistically significant difference in the order parameter bet...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hsz-2017-0241
更新日期:2018-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Alternative splicing is a process by which multiple messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are generated from a single pre-mRNA, resulting in functionally distinct protein products. This is accomplished by the differential recognition of splice sites in the pre-mRNA, often regulated in a tissue- or development-specific manner. Altern...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/BC.2005.143
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major challenge in the research on membrane-anchored and integral membrane protein complexes is to obtain these in a functionally active, water-soluble, and monodisperse form. This requires the incorporation of the membrane proteins into a native-like membrane or detergent micelle that mimics the properties of the o...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/BC.2009.091
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human septins comprise a family of 13 genes that encode for >30 protein isoforms with ubiquitous and tissue-specific expressions. Septins are GTP-binding proteins that assemble into higher-order oligomers and filamentous polymers, which associate with cell membranes and the cytoskeleton. In the last decade, much progr...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/hsz-2013-0233
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regulation of eukaryotic gene expression is a complicated process involving the interaction of a large number of transacting factors with specific cis-regulatory elements. DNA methylation plays a role in this scheme by acting in cis to modulate protein-DNA interactions. Several lines of evidence indicate that meth...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/bchm.1998.379.4-5.401
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to enhance and target gene delivery we have previously established a novel method, termed magnetofection, which uses magnetic force acting on gene vectors that are associated with magnetic particles. Here we review the benefits, the mechanism and the potential of the method with regard to overcoming physical ...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/BC.2003.082
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nanoparticles (NPs) are recognized as an attractive vehicles for cancer treatment due to their targeted drug release. Gastric cancer is an important killer disease, and its therapy methods still need improvement. The NPs were prepared using a precipitation method, and were evaluated using transmission electron microsc...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/hsz-2017-0208
更新日期:2018-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::Selective adhesion of fungal cells to one another and to foreign surfaces is fundamental for the development of multicellular growth forms and the successful colonization of substrates and host organisms. Accordingly, fungi possess diverse cell wall-associated adhesins, mostly large glycoproteins, which present N-term...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/hsz-2020-0199
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Neuritic plaques of Alzheimer patients are composed of multiple protein components. Among them, the amyloid beta-peptides (Abeta) 1-40/42 and further N- and C-terminally modified fragments of Abeta are highly abundant. Most prominent are the isoaspartate (isoAsp)-Abeta peptides and pyroglutamyl (pGlu)-Abeta. While pGl...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.2008.125
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria contain elaborate machineries for the import of precursor proteins from the cytosol. The translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) performs the initial import of precursor proteins and transfers the precursors to downstream translocases, including the presequence translocase and the carrier tr...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/hsz-2016-0145
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to identify regulatory elements involved in the hepatocyte specific expression of the enzyme glutamine synthetase [GS (E.C. 6.3.1.2)] we analyzed the first intron of the rat GS gene. A sequence analysis detected clusters of potential transcription factor binding sites in regions that are hypersensitive for DN...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/bchm.1997.378.1.11
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The T-knot scaffold, a disulphide-reinforced structural motif shared by several proteins with very different biological functions, has been defined as 'a stretch of the protein chain which comprises two strands of a beta-sheet and three loops, knotted by two disulphides into the shape of the letter T'. In this communi...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.1999.159
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) gene family of 15 serine proteases encodes many proteins, including prostate specific antigen (PSA or KLK3), that are well described and/or are potential biomarkers for hormone-related cancers. Variant mRNA transcripts produced by alternative splicing, polyadenylation or AUG site...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/BC.2006.088
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its processing are widely believed to be central for the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and appear essential for neuronal development and cell homeostasis in mammals. Many studies show the proteolysis of APP by the proteases α-, β- and γ-secretase, functional aspects of th...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/hsz-2013-0280
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The conversion of the cellular isoform of the prion protein (PrP(C)) into the pathologic isoform (PrP(Sc)) is the key event in prion diseases. To study the conversion process, an in vitro system based on varying the concentration of low amounts of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) has been employed. In the present study, t...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.2011.048
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A controlled interaction of materials with their surrounding biological environment is of great interest in many fields. Multifunctional coatings aim to provide simultaneous modulation of several biological signals. They can consist of various combinations of bioactive, and bioinert components as well as of reporter m...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/hsz-2016-0204
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many aspects of the RNA maturation leave traces in RNA sequencing data in the form of deviations from the reference genomic DNA. This includes, in particular, genomically non-encoded nucleotides and chemical modifications. The latter leave their signatures in the form of mismatches and conspicuous patterns of sequenci...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.2011.043
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The N-terminal propeptide domains of several cathepsin L-like cysteine proteases have been shown to possess potent inhibitory activity. Here we report the first kinetic characterisation of the inhibition properties of the cathepsin V propeptide (CatV PP). Using a facile recombinant approach we demonstrate expression, ...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.2007.053
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrosative stress results from an increase in reactive nitrogen species (RNS) within the cell. Though the RNS - nitric oxide (·NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) - play pivotal physiological roles, at elevated concentrations, these moieties can be poisonous to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells alike due to their capac...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/hsz-2017-0152
更新日期:2017-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::PAR and C/EBP family proteins are liver-enriched basic leucine zipper (bZip) transcription factors that bind similar sites on the promoters of albumin and cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase genes. However, C/EBP proteins have a more relaxed binding specificity than PAR proteins, in that they recognize many sites within p...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signalling molecules are produced, degraded, modified and transported throughout the development of higher organisms. Understanding their mode of action implies understanding these dynamics in vivo and in real time. Genetically encoded biosensors are being more and more used as tools to 'follow' signalling molecules a...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/hsz-2018-0310
更新日期:2019-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::We present a rapid and simple method for the sexing of human and other primate DNA. Homologous introns from the X- and Y-linked zinc finger protein genes (ZFX and ZFY) are PCR amplified with one primer pair. An Alu element insertion in the ZFX intron results in a size difference in the amplicons which is resolved by a...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kallikrein 6 (KLK6) is a trypsin-like serine peptidase whose relevance in various types of cancers is currently being explored. Previous studies have shown that KLK6 mRNA is upregulated in colon and gastric cancers; however, the regulatory mechanisms and phenotypic consequences of this upregulation are largely unknown...
journal_title:Biological chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/BC.2008.087
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00