Abstract:
:Rhodococcus equi is one of the most important causes of pneumonia in foals and has emerged as a significant opportunistic pathogen of immunosuppressed hosts such as human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Virulent R. equi harbouring an 85 kb plasmid, but not the avirulent form lacking the plasmid, has the ability to survive in macrophages. However, the survival mechanism is not known. In the present study, morphological interactions were observed between virulent or plasmid-cured avirulent R. equi and phagolysosomes in murine macrophage-like J774.1 cells by immunocytological methods. The J774.1 cells phagocytosed virulent and avirulent bacteria to a similar extent, and both bacteria replicated in single membrane vacuoles at similar rates up to 6 h after infection. Thereafter, the virulent bacteria continued to grow, whereas the avirulent bacteria stopped growing. When the infected cells were stained with phagosomal and lysosomal markers and observed with a confocal fluorescence microscope, the majority of phagosomes containing these bacteria were fused with lysosomes. Neither R. equi organism has the ability to hinder phagosome-lysosome fusion. The acidity in phagolysosomes containing R. equi was examined by staining with LysoTracker Red DND-99, an acidotropic probe. The phagolysosomes containing virulent organisms were not acidic as compared with avirulent organisms. Over 90% of the phagolysosomes containing avirulent R. equi were stained with LysoTracker 6 h after infection, whereas less than 50% of those containing virulent R. equi were stained. Furthermore, when the supernatant obtained from a virulent R. equi culture was added to the cell cultures, the acidity of acidic compartments in macrophages was reduced. The authors conclude that some substance(s) produced by virulent R. equi suppress acidification in phagolysosomes, and help R. equi survival and replication in the bactericidal environment.
journal_name
J Med Microbioljournal_title
Journal of medical microbiologyauthors
Toyooka K,Takai S,Kirikae Tdoi
10.1099/jmm.0.46086-0keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
1007-1015issue
Pt 11eissn
0022-2615issn
1473-5644journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Faeces from urban children < 2 years old with acute diarrhoeal illness and from non-diarrhoeal infants (controls) were examined for Escherichia coli and other enteropathogens. A total of 990 E. coli isolates from 100 patients and 50 controls was tested for enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) serotype (O:H), adherence to H...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-47-9-781
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic-resistant bacteria have emerged from the widespread use of antibiotics worldwide and have prompted the search for new sources of antimicrobial substances. Pinus spp. contain several bioactive compounds consisting mainly of terpenes, terpenoids and some other aromatic and aliphatic constituents. These compou...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.081711-0
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction. The emergence of novel strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype has gained attention due to causing several epidemics around the world. Variant strains have evolved as a result of the acquisition of genes that confer extended virulence and pathogenicity.Aim. This study aimed to determine the presence...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001131
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of cryptic plasmids among 123 isolates of Providencia stuarti from a hospital ward during a prospective epidemiological study is reported. Two closely related stable plasmids (34 Kb and 36 Kb) were identified by restriction endonuclease digest analysis of plasmid DNA. One or other of these cryptic pla...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-18-2-277
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction. Differences between the genomic and virulence profile of Bordetella pertussis circulating strains and vaccine strains are considered as one of the important reasons for the resurgence of whooping cough (pertussis) in the world. Genetically inactivated B. pertussis is one of the new strategies to generate...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001114
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herein we describe a real-time quantitative PCR assay for evaluating the adherence of Clostridium difficile to differentiated human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Our investigations demonstrated that the method, employing the C. difficile-specific triose-phosphate isomerase gene, is as reliable but less time-consuming than ...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.019752-0
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An evaluation of five ELISA methods for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis was undertaken by comparing a laboratory-produced ELISA employing two recombinant Toxoplasma gondii polypeptides as antigen with a laboratory-produced ELISA and three commercially available ELISAs employing traditional parasite antigen prepar...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-37-6-404
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the comparative performance of the Amplicor assay and an in-house semi-automated, multiplex real-time PCR for the diagnosis of genital chlamydial infection. Four different assays, the COBAS Amplicor CT test (Amplicor PCR), in-house real-time PCR (IHRT-PCR), in-house nested cryptic plasmid PCR a...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46762-0
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A collection of 198 clinical isolates of strains belonging to the tribe Proteeae was examined for haemolytic activity on blood agar and in Brain Heart Infusion Broth. The strains were of diverse bacteriocin and O-antigenic types and from a wide variety of sources. They included representatives of all species of Morgan...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-25-1-17
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency distribution of plasmids in a representative collection of Escherichia coli and other enterobacteria was compared with the frequencies predicted by the Poisson distribution. The distribution of E. coli plasmids did not differ significantly (p greater than 0.2) whereas the difference between observed and ...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-23-3-255
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction. Neonatal infection with Cronobacter sakazakii can cause severe intestinal damage and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The inflammasome and Toll-like receptors mediate intestinal damage caused by other intestinal pathogens causing NEC, but the exact mechanism is unclear.Aim. We evaluated the molecular mec...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001181
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans isolates recovered from pharyngeal swabs of two patients from the same hospital in Japan during 2001-2002 were characterized by PFGE and ribotyping. Toxin production in different culture media was examined and serological analysis of patient sera was performed. The two isolates c...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.022491-0
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spondylodiscitis caused by Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, formerly known as Haemophilus paraphrophilus, is an unusual condition and can be very difficult to diagnose. We report a case of cervical spondylodiscitis complicated by spinal epidural abscess in a 63-year-old woman, without underlying predisposing conditions. T...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.47614-0
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is great interest in the use of antimicrobial agents for the prevention and treatment of plaque-related oral diseases and many publications have reported the results of studies in which the minimum inhibitory concentrations of agents for cariogenic and periodontopathogenic bacteria have been determined. However,...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1099/00222615-44-2-79
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The object of this study was to develop and characterize experimental Burkholderia mallei aerosol infection in BALB/c mice. Sixty-five mice were infected with 5000 [approx. 2.5 median lethal doses (MLD)] B. mallei strain ATCC 23344(T) bacteria by the aerosol route. Bacterial counts within lung, liver, spleen, brain, k...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.05180-0
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::EDTA-released outer-membrane antigen complexes were prepared from 172 laboratory and reference strains and 43 fresh clinical or faecal isolates representing 20 species or subspecies of Bacteroides, together with 13 species of other genera. These antigens were titrated against antisera to whole, live cells of 21 specie...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-15-2-223
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recently-introduced semi-automated bacterial identification system, the Quantum II BID, is designed to identify fermentative and non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli in 4-5 h. The system was evaluated independently by the two participating laboratories. Inter-laboratory reproducibility was determined by testing ...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-21-2-145
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence and genotype of Shiga-like toxins (SLTs) in Escherichia coli (O)157 strains from patients in Germany with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) were investigated. This was done by PCR amplification of the B-subunit genes with two primer pairs--one complementary to slt-IB, and the other homologous to both sl...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-40-5-338
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nearly 1000 sera from children were tested by immunoelectro-osmophoresis against BK virus, and age-specific prevalence rates were estimated from birth until the age of 12 years. Declining rates during the first 12 months showed the waning of passive immunity, which at birth reflects the mother's immune status. The cha...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-15-3-285
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The locus responsible for mucoid colony morphology in five independent clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis patients have been transferred by means of pM060-mediated conjugation to the genetically characterised strain P. aeruginosa PAO. Genetic mapping has shown that in all five strains the...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-21-4-331
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A pathogenic vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolate (MIC > or =64 microg ml(-1)) was obtained from a Kolkata hospital in June 2005. Species identification was confirmed by Gram staining, standard biochemical tests and PCR amplification of the nuc gene, which encodes the thermostable nuclease that is...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.47144-0
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to explore daptomycin combined with fosfomycin or rifampin against the planktonic and adherent linezolid-resistant isolates of Enterococcus faecalis. METHODOLOGY:Four linezolid-resistant and four linezolid-sensitive isolates of E. faecalis which formed biofilms were collected for this study. B...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000945
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiometric selective inhibition tests were developed and evaluated for the rapid differentiation of Mycobacterium spp. Both a p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNB) test and a commercially-prepared p-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone (NAP) test successfully differentiated M. tuberculosis and M. bovis from "atypica...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-30-3-175
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, 90 non-replicate imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IRPA) Malaysian isolates collected between October 2005 and March 2008 were subjected to a screening test for detection of the integron and the gene cassette. Class 1 integrons were detected in 54 IRPA clinical isolates, whilst three isolates c...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.029868-0
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoglycoside-resistant variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 were readily selected by culturing the organism in medium containing increasing concentrations of gentamicin, tobramycin or amikacin until the strains were growing in a concentration of drug 128-fold greater than the minimal inhibitory concentrati...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-29-1-41
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antifungal susceptibilities of 598 isolates of Candida spp. (bloodstream and other sterile sites) to liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) versus amphotericin B (AmB) were determined. MICs were calculated using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution (M27-A3) method for L-AmB and the Etest m...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000402
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a survey of 3302 people in an area of central Sweden, tinea versicolor was diagnosed in 0.5% of males and 0.3% of females; all those infected were adults. Tinea versicolor is much less common in Sweden than in the tropics. ...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-16-4-501
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The release of interleukin-8 (IL-8) from human neutrophils was investigated after their internalisation of the invasive bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica. Three pairs of bacterial strains were used to study the influence of listeriolysin O, invasiveness and Yersinia virulence plasmid (pYV)-en...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-47-1-55
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infections can be performed on urine samples and genital swabs using molecular techniques. A novel approach was developed that combined an automated extraction procedure, an automated liquid-handling system and real-time PCR to detect C. trachomatis from urine or swabs. This novel r...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46675-0
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2002, a Scottish bat conservationist developed a rabies-like disease and subsequently died. This was caused by infection with European bat lyssavirus 2 (EBLV-2), a virus closely related to Rabies virus (RABV). The source of this infection and the means of transmission have not yet been confirmed. In this study, the...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46370-0
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00