Abstract:
:Flucloxacillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin widely used in the prophylaxis and treatment of staphylococcal infections. Severe liver reactions, characterised by delayed cholestatic hepatitis and a prolonged course of recovery, are associated with flucloxacillin therapy. Clinical findings are suggestive of an immune mediated reaction but there exists little supporting experimental evidence. The formation of drug modified hepatic protein adducts has been proposed to play an important role in the hepatotoxicity of many drugs. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether flucloxacillin treatment results in adduct formation in vivo. Flucloxacillin was conjugated to rabbit serum albumin by formation of a penicilloyl determinant and used as an immunogen to raise a polyclonal antiserum specific for flucloxacillin-modified proteins. Antibody specificity was confirmed by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with free drug. The antiserum was used in combination with western blotting to detect adduct formation in the livers of flucloxacillin treated rats. Western blot analysis of rat liver subcellular fractions revealed the formation of six flucloxacillin adducts in various subcellular fractions. These studies demonstrate for the first time that treatment with flucloxacillin results in the formation of hepatic protein adducts.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Carey MA,van Pelt FNdoi
10.1016/j.tox.2005.07.015keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-12-01 00:00:00pages
41-8issue
1eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
S0300-483X(05)00342-2journal_volume
216pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract::To investigate whether sensitivity to the induction of micronuclei by acetaldehyde is associated with genetic polymorphisms of the aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) gene, cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assays were performed on peripheral lymphocytes from 47 healthy human subjects exposed to acetaldehyde in vitro...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.01.016
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ferrets were maintained for 12 months on different diets (A, meat and biscuit; B, all meat; C, meat and fish; D, high fibre) to ascertain the cause of spontaneous development of fatty liver. High hepatic triglyceride contents resulted on diets B = C > D; whereas ferrets on diet A (control) showed no accumulation of li...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(96)03351-3
更新日期:1996-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorpyrifos (CPF) has been widely used around the world as a pesticide for both agricultural and residential application. Although various studies have reported toxicity and health-related effects from CPF exposure, the molecular mechanism of CPF toxicity to skin has not been well-characterized. The present study det...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.09.006
更新日期:2015-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Testicular injury is often observed in drug development. Serum hormones are usually used as noninvasive biomarkers for testicular injury; however, their sensitivities are low. Therefore, it is difficult to monitor testicular injury in drug development. In recent years, molecules in body fluid exosomes have attracted a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2020.152490
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inorganic arsenic (iAs), a ubiquitous element and a natural drinking water contaminant, has been found to impair male reproductive function. However, the effect of long-term exposure to arsenic on testis damage and its underlying mechanisms still require further evaluation. In the study, male C57BL/6 mice (4 weeks) we...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2018.09.010
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies on the immunotoxicity of a complex mixture of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) by-products from a manufactured gas plant indicated possible synergistic interactions which were investigated by determining the immunosuppressive effects of a reconstituted PAH mixture in female B6C3F1 mice challenge...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(95)03302-v
更新日期:1996-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of iodoacetic acid, a non-phorbol tumor promoter, on metabolic cooperation between mutant human fibroblasts as measured by [14C]citrulline incorporation. Other thiol-reactive polyphenolic compounds such as hydroquinone and 2-hydroxyestrone were also examined. 12-...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(87)90047-3
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury is one of the major heavy metal pollutants occurring in elemental, inorganic and organic forms. Due to ban on most inorganic mercury containing products, human exposure to mercury generally occurs as methylmercury (MeHg) by consumption of contaminated fish and other sea food. Animal and epidemiological studies...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.05.006
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of hepatic fibrosis, or scarring in response to chronic liver injury, has witnessed tremendous progress in the past two decades. Clarification of the cellular sources of scar, and emergence of hepatic stellate cells not only as a fibrogenic cell type, but also as a critical immunomodulatory and homeostatic r...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2008.06.013
更新日期:2008-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate hydroperoxide generation as a potential mechanism of cyanide neurotoxicity, mice were treated with KCN (7 mg/kg, subcutaneously (s.c.)) and the level of lipid peroxidation (expressed as conjugated dienes) was measured later in various organs. Brain showed elevated conjugated diene levels after cyanide but ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90221-6
更新日期:1994-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Life-threatening acute lung injury potentially occurs following high-level accidental exposures to phosgene gas. This situation was mirrored in rats exposed nose-only at 900-1000 mg phosgene/m(3)min. At this exposure level, previous studies on rats demonstrated sustained reflexively induced cardiopulmonary dysfunction...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.11.005
更新日期:2014-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cruciferous vegetable consumption correlates with reduced risk of cancer. This chemopreventative activity may involve glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products. Glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates have been studied for their toxicity and chemopreventative properties, but other hydrolysis products (epithionitriles...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.06.002
更新日期:2015-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Adriamycin (ADR), an anthracycline antibiotic, which is widely used as an antineoplastic drug in the treatment of various solid tumors, has been shown to induce genotoxicity in erythropoietic system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective efficacy of DL-alpha-lipoic acid (LA) on ADR-induced cla...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.02.015
更新日期:2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Male Wistar rats injected i.p. with 30 mg Fe2+/kg body weight show hepatic damage as measured by an increase in lipid peroxides which correlated with elevated serum enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Oral administration of spice principles, curc...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(95)03199-p
更新日期:1996-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Deltamethrin, a synthetic dibromo-pyrethroid insecticide, is extensively used in agriculture, forestry and in household products because of its high activity against a broad spectrum of insect pests (both adults and larvae), its low animal toxicity and its lack of persistence in the environment. Data on the genotoxici...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(98)00097-3
更新日期:1998-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The function of the neuromuscular transmission in rats dosed with phoxim (P), methomyl (M), fenvalerate (F), and mixtures of P+M and P+F was studied by using both the stimulation single fiber electromyography (SSFEMG) and repetitive nerve stimulations (RNS) to determine the single muscle fiber action potential and com...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00339-0
更新日期:2001-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::The intravenous toxicity of phytic acid (inositol hexakisphosphate, IHP) has recently become of interest because of the potential for IHP incorporation into red blood cells to achieve a therapeutically useful shift in the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve (Gersonde, K. and Nicolau, C., Blut, 39 (1979) 1). The obser...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(81)90022-6
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organophosphates and pyrethroids are among the most common pesticides currently in use worldwide. Several pesticides have been reported to possess hormonal activities, and thus are classified as endocrine disruptors. The present study was planned to evaluate potential androgenic and antiandrogenic activities of the pe...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.09.028
更新日期:2008-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a model for the treatment of data of concentration of brain neurotransmitters (particularly serotonin and the catecholamines), in which the changes induced by any given treatment on the neurotransmitter (NT) and its main metabolite (ME) are converted into 2 new parameters named S and U, that are rela...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(88)90173-4
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rodent Hershberger assay has been used predominantly by the pharmaceutical industry to evaluate androgenic and antiandrogenic chemicals for potential therapeutic use. However, this assay has not yet been formally validated and standardized for use in toxicology testing. There are many variations in the protocol us...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00361-4
更新日期:2001-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::The chlorinated acetic acids, in particular dichloroacetic acid (DCA), are found as chlorine disinfection by-products in finished drinking water supplies. DCA has previously been demonstrated to be a mouse liver carcinogen. Chronic studies are described in which male Fischer (F344) rats were exposed to DCA in their dr...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03510-x
更新日期:1996-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Oxybutynin hydrochloride, an anti-cholinergic/anti-spasmodic agent, was examined for its effect on fertility and peri-post natal development in the rat and its embryotoxic potential in the rat and rabbit. In the rat effects on reproductive performance included a slight increase in the incidence of foetal malformations...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(86)90044-2
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytochrome P-450 enzymes are responsible for the oxidation of xenobiotic chemicals including drugs, pesticides, and carcinogens. These enzymes include cytochrome P450, cytochrome b(5), arylhydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (AHH), NADPH-cytochrome C reductase and dimethylnitrosamine N-demethylase I (DMN-dI)....
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00473-5
更新日期:2001-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated intraperitoneal administration of benzene (1.0 ml/kg body wt) for 3 days produced leucopenia, lymphocytopenia and an increased number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow and significantly decreased organ weights of thymus (P less than 0.001) and spleen (P less than 0.001) in female albino rats. Iron content...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(86)90029-6
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the potential toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on hepatic and renal tissues. In this study, we investigated the modifications in endogenous antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage in liver and kidney of rats by exposure to one of the most persistent PBDE congeners, the 2,2',4,...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2010.03.006
更新日期:2010-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Leflunomide, used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, has been reported to cause severe liver problems and liver failure; however, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In this study, we used multiple approaches including genomic analysis to investigate and characterize the possible molecular mechanisms of t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.10.002
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary dialkylphosphates (DAPs) are measured to assess exposure to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), but they are common metabolites of OPs and not specific indices for individual agents. Biomonitoring (BM) of urinary DAPs has been widely adopted as an assessment of individual exposure in general environments, howev...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2021.152679
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Tributyltin (TBT), a toxic and widespread environmental contaminant, has been shown to inhibit natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxic function significantly. Inhibition of NK cell cytotoxic function has the potential to increase viral infections and tumor growth. Upon NK cell binding to lysis-sensitive tumor cells, an int...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.05.002
更新日期:2006-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility that Cd administration could activate the pituitary-adrenal axis has been studied. It was found that acute administration of Cd strongly increased serum corticosterone levels. Adrenocortical activation correlated well with serum Cd levels, suggesting that adrenal activation was dependent on the presenc...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(87)90119-3
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium being a potent immunotoxicant, affects both humoral and cell mediated immunity. However, its effect on spleen is not clearly understood. Hence, to delineate the action of Cd, mouse splenic lymphocytes were exposed to Cd (10, 25 and 50 microM) for 60 min, 1.5, 3, 6 and 18 h. At 6 h, apoptosis was reflected by D...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.11.027
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00