Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Size exclusion chromatography is the method of choice for separating free from liposome-encapsulated molecules. However, if the column is not presaturated with lipids this type of chromatography causes a significant loss of lipid material. To date, the mechanism of lipid retention is poorly understood. It has been speculated that lipid binds to the column material or the entire liposome is entrapped inside the void. RESULTS:Here we show that intact liposomes and their contents are retained in the exclusion gel. Retention depends on the pore size, the smaller the pores, the higher the retention. Retained liposomes are not tightly fixed to the beads and are slowly released from the gels upon direct or inverted eluent flow, long washing steps or column repacking. Further addition of free liposomes leads to the elution of part of the gel-trapped liposomes, showing that the retention is transitory. Trapping reversibility should be related to a mechanism of partitioning of the liposomes between the stationary phase, water-swelled polymeric gel, and the mobile aqueous phase. CONCLUSION:Retention of liposomes by size exclusion gels is a dynamic and reversible process, which should be accounted for to control lipid loss and sample contamination during chromatography.
journal_name
BMC Biotechnoljournal_title
BMC biotechnologyauthors
Ruysschaert T,Marque A,Duteyrat JL,Lesieur S,Winterhalter M,Fournier Ddoi
10.1186/1472-6750-5-11keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-05-10 00:00:00pages
11issn
1472-6750pii
1472-6750-5-11journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Cytotoxic drugs are non-selective between normal and pathological tissue, and this poses a challenge regarding the strategy for treatment of tumors. To achieve sufficient antitumor activity for colorectal carcinoma, optimization of the therapeutic regimen is of great importance. We investigated the ability o...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-11-21
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Proteins in inclusion bodies (IBs) present native-like secondary structures. However, chaotropic agents at denaturing concentrations, which are widely used for IB solubilization and subsequent refolding, unfold these secondary structures. Removal of the chaotropes frequently causes reaggregation and poor rec...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-018-0486-2
更新日期:2018-12-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ultrasound and microbubbles (USMB) have been shown to enhance the intracellular uptake of molecules, generally thought to occur as a result of sonoporation. The underlying mechanism associated with USMB-enhanced intracellular uptake such as membrane disruption and endocytosis may also be associated with USMB...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-017-0364-3
更新日期:2017-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Domesticated einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) is one of the oldest cultivated cereal crops in the world. Its small genome size (~ 5.7 GB), low ploidy (2n = 2x = 14, AmAm) and high genetic polymorphism make this species very attractive for use as a diploid model for understanding the genomics and proteomics o...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-018-0477-3
更新日期:2018-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rapid, robust and reversible induction of transgene expression would significantly facilitate cancer gene therapy as well as allow the in vivo functional study of newly discovered genes in tumor formation and progression. The popularity of the ecdysone inducible gene switch system has led us to investigate w...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-1-11
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The ubiquitin protein is present in all eukaryotic cells and promoters from ubiquitin genes are good candidates to regulate the constitutive expression of transgenes in plants. Therefore, two switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) ubiquitin genes (PvUbi1 and PvUbi2) were cloned and characterized. Reporter constru...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-11-74
更新日期:2011-07-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Xenoantigens are a major source of concern with regard to the success of interspecific xenografts. GGTA1 encodes α1,3-galactosyltransferase, which is essential for the biosynthesis of galactosyl-alpha 1,3-galactose, the major xenoantigen causing hyperacute rejection. GGTA1-modified pigs, therefore, are promi...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-020-00638-7
更新日期:2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ligand-targeted approaches have proven successful in improving the therapeutic index of a number of drugs. We hypothesized that the specific targeting of TNF-alpha antagonists to inflamed tissues could increase drug efficacy and reduce side effects. RESULTS:Using uteroglobin (UG), a potent anti-inflammatory...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-11-104
更新日期:2011-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the previous study, the cellulolytic Escherichia coli ZH-4 isolated from bovine rumen was found to show extracellular cellulase activity and could degrade cellulose in the culture. The goal of this work was to identify and characterize the secreted cellulase of E. coli ZH-4. It will be helpful to re-under...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-019-0556-0
更新日期:2019-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whole genome amplification (WGA) promises to eliminate practical molecular genetic analysis limitations associated with genomic DNA (gDNA) quantity. We evaluated the performance of multiple displacement amplification (MDA) WGA using gDNA extracted from lymphoblastoid cell lines (N = 27) with a range of start...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-5-24
更新日期:2005-09-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Each year, influenza is responsible for hundreds of thousand cases of illness and deaths worldwide. Due to the virus' fast mutation rate, the World Health Organization (WHO) is constantly on alert to rapidly respond to emerging pandemic strains. Although anti-viral therapies exist, the most proficient way to...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-015-0152-x
更新日期:2015-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Analogues of vitamin D3 are extensively used in the treatment of various illnesses, such as osteoporosis, inflammatory skin diseases, and cancer. Functional testing of new vitamin D3 analogues and formulations for improved systemic and topical administration is supported by sensitive screening methods that a...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-11-33
更新日期:2011-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a key load bearing domain for mamalian cell adhesion by binding various macromolecular ligands in extracellular matrix such as, collagens, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans. Interestingly, vWF like domains are also commonly found in load bearing systems of marine organisms such a...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-016-0247-z
更新日期:2016-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF) is a newly identified broad-spectrum antifungal antibiotic from the biocontrol agent Lysobacter enzymogenes and is regarded as a potential biological pesticide, due to its novel mode of action. However, the production level of HSAF is quite low, and little research has re...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-018-0478-2
更新日期:2018-10-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oleaginous yeast species are an alternative for the production of lipids or triacylglycerides (TAGs). These yeasts are usually non-pathogenic and able to store TAGs ranging from 20 % to 70 % of their cell mass depending on culture conditions. TAGs originating from oleaginous yeasts can be used as the so-call...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-016-0276-7
更新日期:2016-05-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules in animals to achieve double-stranded RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) has recently emerged as a powerful method of sequence-specific gene knockdown. As DNA-based expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) for RNAi may offer some advantages over chemical and in...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-5-13
更新日期:2005-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system has greatly facilitated and expanded our capacity to engineer mammalian genomes, including targeted gene knock-outs. However, the phenotyping of the knock-out effect requires a high DNA editing efficiency. RESULTS:Here, we report a user-friendly strategy based on the ex...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-016-0250-4
更新日期:2016-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Thermally stable α-L-rhamnosidase with cleaving terminal α-L-rhamnose activity has great potential in industrial application. Therefore, it is necessary to find a proper method to improve the thermal stability of α-L-rhamnosidase. RESULTS:In this study, addition of sorbitol has been found to increase the th...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-017-0342-9
更新日期:2017-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The photorespiratory nitrogen cycle in C₃ plants involves an extensive diversion of carbon and nitrogen away from the direct pathways of assimilation. The liberated ammonia is re-assimilated, but up to 25% of the carbon may be released into the atmosphere as CO₂. Because of the loss of CO₂ and high energy co...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-11-111
更新日期:2011-11-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Insect resistance in crops represents a main challenge for agriculture. Transgenic approaches based on proteins displaying insect resistance properties are widely used as efficient breeding strategies. To extend the spectrum of targeted pathogens and overtake the development of resistance, molecular evolutio...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-019-0507-9
更新日期:2019-03-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:L-ornithine is effective in the treatment of liver diseases and helps strengthen the heart. The commercial applications mean that efficient biotechnological production of L-ornithine has become increasingly necessary. Adaptive evolution strategies have been proven a feasible and efficient technique to achiev...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-13-47
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The ability to produce the same recombinant protein in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells offers many experimental opportunities. However, the cloning of the same gene into multiple plasmids is required, which is time consuming, laborious and still may not produce soluble, stable protein in sufficient qua...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-12-54
更新日期:2012-08-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetically encoded sensors developed on the basis of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-like proteins are becoming more and more popular instruments for monitoring cellular analytes and enzyme activities in living cells and transgenic organisms. In particular, a number of Ca2+ sensors have been developed, eith...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-7-37
更新日期:2007-06-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Shark heavy chain antibody, also called new antigen receptor (NAR), consists of one single Variable domain (VH), containing only two complementarity-determining regions (CDRs). The antigen binding affinity and specificity are mainly determined by these two CDRs. The good solubility, excellent thermal stabili...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-7-78
更新日期:2007-11-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There are significant differences in the culture conditions between small-scale screenings and large-scale fermentation processes. Production processes are usually conducted in fed-batch cultivation mode with active pH-monitoring and control. In contrast, screening experiments in shake flasks are usually con...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-11-25
更新日期:2011-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In vivo use of monoclonal antibodies has become routine clinical practice in the treatment of human cancer. CD38 is an attractive target, because it has double roles, as a receptor and an ectoenzyme. Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 antibody, is currently in the clinical trials for multiple myeloma. RESULTS:Here w...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-019-0524-8
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:DsRed the red fluorescent protein (RFP) isolated from Discosoma sp. coral holds much promise as a genetically and spectrally distinct alternative to green fluorescent protein (GFP) for application in mice. Widespread use of DsRed has been hampered by several issues resulting in the inability to establish and...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-5-20
更新日期:2005-07-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells have become the host of choice for the production of recombinant proteins, due to their capacity for correct protein folding, assembly, and posttranslational modifications. The most widely used system for recombinant proteins is the gene amplification procedure that uses the...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12896-015-0218-9
更新日期:2015-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many growth factors, such as bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, have been shown to interact with polymers of sulfated disacharrides known as heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are found on matrix and cell-surface proteoglycans throughout the body. HS GAGs, and some more highly sulfated fo...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-12-60
更新日期:2012-09-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High recombinant protein productivity in mammalian cell lines is often associated with phenotypic changes in protein content, energy metabolism, and cell growth, but the key determinants that regulate productivity are still not clearly understood. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway h...
journal_title:BMC biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6750-14-15
更新日期:2014-02-17 00:00:00