Abstract:
:The long-term effects of partial denervation on the muscle fiber cross-sectional area, degree of axonal sprouting, and end-plate morphology were examined 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postsurgery in rat plantaris muscle. After 1 month of partial denervation, mean cross-sectional areas of type I and type II myofibers were significantly lower than that of sham-operated controls; fiber atrophy and hypertrophy was observed. After 3 months, we found no statistical difference in the mean cross-sectional fiber area between the two experimental groups. After 6 months, the fiber areas were now significantly larger than controls, possibly the result of compensatory work hypertrophy, due to the overuse of remaining hyperexpanded motor units. Preterminal, intranodal, and intraterminal sprouting were found to significantly increase from 1 to 6 months following partial denervation. While sprouting was enhanced, the number of terminal branch points per end plate did not change. Following 9 months of partial denervation and overuse, the mean fiber areas significantly decreased as compared to controls. The former muscles were found to contain angulated fibers, group atrophy, and increased levels of axonal sprouting. The number of terminal branches per end plate was now significantly increased over control values, possibly a compensatory response to reduced synthesis of neurotrophic factor(s) and/or transmitter-related components. At 12 months, fiber areas, axonal sprouting, and the number of terminal branches per end plate have all decreased. Degenerating end plates, denervated myofibers, angulated fibers, and group atrophy were observed. It would appear that aging-like changes are occurring earlier in chronically stressed, partially denervated muscles.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Pachter BR,Eberstein Adoi
10.1016/0014-4886(92)90004-akeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-06-01 00:00:00pages
246-55issue
3eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430journal_volume
116pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Anisotropy indices derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are being increasingly used as biomarkers of central WM structural maturation, myelination and even functional development. Our hypothesis was that the rate of functional changes in central WM tracts directly reflects rate of changes in structural developm...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.06.021
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD, Krabbe Disease) is a lysosomal storage disease, resulting from the genetic deficiency of galactosylceramidase (GALC). This disease is marked by accumulation of the cytotoxic lipid psychosine (Psy). Psychosine is known to induce oxidative stress in cultured cells, and this stress can b...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.07.013
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood flow in the feline thoracic spinal cord was measured, using a laser-Doppler flowmetry. Rhythmic changes in the spinal cord blood flow were repeatedly observed with a frequency of about three to eight cycles per minute, unrelated to the respiratory or cardiac cycles. These changes were unaffected by hypertension ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(88)90009-x
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed the effects of environmental enrichment (EE) in a seizure-prone mouse model in which the genetic disruption of the presynaptic protein Bassoon leads to structural and functional alterations in the hippocampus and causes early spontaneous seizures mimicking human neurodevelopmental disorders. One-month...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.05.010
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overt behavioral symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) do not occur until over 80% of the striatal dopamine content has been lost. Diagnosis of the disorder relies on identifying clinical symptoms including akinesia, resting tremor, and rigidity. In retrospect, behavioral deficits are observed several years prior to di...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2002.8021
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male white mice were exposed to electroshock and then injected intravenously with 5-[3H]uridine immediately after the shock. After 5, 30, or 60 min or 6, 12, or 24 h, the mice were killed, microautoradiographs were prepared, and grains were counted in the cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia. The results of the grai...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(85)90269-9
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether or not brain damage is likely to occur in the repeated apneic episodes experienced by some alcoholics during intoxicated sleep, rats were anesthetized with alcohol and subjected to repeated episodes to asphyxia. Each episode lasted 90 s, arterial PO2 was less than 50 mm Hg for 60 s, and 30 episode...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(84)90017-7
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously found that fetal cortex taken from 16- to 18-day-old donors survives grafting to the infarcted cortex 5-7 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect on graft survival of varying the age of the fetal donor tissue and the time between vessel occ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1994.1086
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disorder in which overproduction and accumulation of amyloid beta (Abeta) peptides result in synaptic dysfunction. Recent reports strongly suggest that in the initial stages of AD glutamate receptors are dysregulated by Abeta accumulation resulting in disruption of...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.10.008
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary degeneration is a form of 'bystander' damage that can affect neural tissue both nearby and remote from an initial injury. Partial optic nerve transection is an excellent model in which to unequivocally differentiate events occurring during secondary degeneration from those resulting from primary CNS injury. ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.11.026
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In what ways do passive touch and active touch require particular properties of cortical physiology? Because it is not easy to make predictions "bottom up" from neurophysiology and anatomy to behavior, there have been surprises in studying behavioral deficits following selective ablations of SI versus SII. For example...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/exnr.1994.1017
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The members of the tenascin family are involved in a number of developmental processes, mainly by their ability to regulate cell adhesion. We have here studied the distribution of mRNAs for tenascin-X, -C, and -R and the closely related molecule tenascin/J1 in the olfactory system and spinal cord. The olfactory bulb a...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7543
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contusion of the spinal cord causes an immediate local loss of neurons and disruption of vasculature; additional loss continues thereafter. To explore the possibility of a causal link between delayed endothelial cell (EC) death and secondary neural cell loss, we evaluated neural and endothelial cell survival, and meas...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.05.028
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously showed that overexpressing the 70-kDa inducible heat shock protein in primary astrocyte cultures and in a rodent stroke model using viral vectors resulted in protection from ischemia and ischemia-like injury. However, viral transfection could potentially provoke a stress response itself; therefore, we ex...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7614
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study attempts to determine whether the neurotoxicity of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) is dependent on a releasable pool of serotonin (5-HT). Rats treated with PCA alone or with reserpine and PCA exhibit a profound loss of 5-HT innervation in cerebral cortex after a 2-week survival period. However, depletion o...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(89)90071-x
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In cats anesthetized with nitrous oxide and halothane, ion-selecting microelectrodes were used to monitor changes in the concentration of potassium [K+]0 and calcium [Ca2+]0 in the extracellular compartment of the cerebral cortex during as long as 4 h of continuous stimulation of the cortical surface. At stimulus char...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(83)90220-0
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A host protein encoded by the gene specifying the scrapie amyloid precursor affects pathogenesis of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker's syndrome (GSS), and kuru in man, and scrapie in animals. We found a mutation in this gene of two patients ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(89)90095-2
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apnea of prematurity (AoP) is associated with severe and repeated episodes of arterial oxygen desaturation (intermittent hypoxia - IH), which in turn increases the number of apneas. So far, there is no data addressing whether IH leads to sex-specific respiratory consequences, neither if drugs targeting AoP are more ef...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.112985
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are derived from a nonpathogenic and defective human parvovirus. Although currently unable to display the integration specificity featured by its wild-type parent, the recombinant AAV (rAAV) system has continued to attract enormous interest primarily due to its unique features such...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.6396
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, it has become evident that Parkinson's disease is associated with a self-sustaining cycle of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, with dying neurons activating microglia, which, once activated, can release several factors that kill further neurons. One emerging pharmacological target that has the ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.014
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptor-gated channels and the subsequent rise in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) have been implicated in cytotoxic processes that lead to irreversible neuronal injury. While many studies have focused on cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis, much less is known about Ca2+ fluxes in subcellula...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1997.6599
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline and deposition of beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques in cortex and hippocampus. A transgenic mouse AD model (Tg2576) that overexpresses a mutant form of human Abeta precursor protein exhibits age-related cognitive deficits, Abeta plaque deposition, and oxidative...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00399-6
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal activity in the locus ceruleus of awake, behaving stump-tailed monkeys increased consistently and vigorously after presentation of mildly aversive and threatening stimuli. These preliminary data increase the range of stimuli reported to elicit locus ceruleus activity in awake monkeys to include nonpainful thr...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(84)90217-6
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifteen male mice (C57/Bl6J) were fed the liquid diet "Stardit" supplemented with vitamins together with phenytoin for 8 weeks; experimental animals and controls were pair-fed. After 8 weeks of treatment, the anesthetized animals were perfused with 3.5% glutaraldehyde. Tissue samples of the cerebral cortex (area 3), c...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(86)90026-9
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The therapeutic effect of glial progenitor transplantation in diseases of dysmyelination is currently attributed to the formation of new myelin. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we show that the therapeutic outcome in dysmyelinated shiverer mice is dependent on the extent of cell migration but not the presence ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.02.005
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grafts of embryonic ventral mesencephalic tissue placed in the striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats survive, and make and receive connections to and from the host brain. The dopaminergic neurons of the graft can grow processes into the host brain, and thereby alleviate many of the behavioral deficits of this fo...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0141
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An important issue in stem cell biology relates to mechanisms of cellular plasticity. Specifically, could any observed multipotency of, e.g., adult stem cells arise from true transdifferentiation or as a result of cell-cell fusion? We studied this issue using a culture paradigm of astrocyte monolayers and multipotent ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.11.016
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paclitaxel is an effective chemotherapeutic agent that, despite its common use, often causes peripheral sensory neuropathy. In neurons, paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, and through unknown mechanisms, bundles microtubules and disrupts their organization. Because microtubules serve as tracks on which a ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.06.023
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infant rats were subjected to pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions on alternate days from 5 to 13 days of age. At 17 days of age, their susceptibility to the convulsant effects of hyperthermia was examined. It was found that previous pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions caused a significant facilitation in the devel...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(83)90398-9
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal apoptosis is a central pathological process in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced early brain injury. Previous studies indicated that ErbB4 (EGFR family member v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4) is essential for normal development and maintenance of the nervous system. In this...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.014
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00