Burn injury causes mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle.

abstract：:The development of antimicrobials is critical in this time of increasing antibiotic resistance of most clinically relevant bacteria. To date, all current antibiotics focus on inhibiting crucial enzymatic activities of their protein targets (i.e., trimethoprim for dihydrofolate reductase), thus disrupting in vitro esse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shakhnovich EA,Hung DT,Pierson E,Lee K,Mekalanos JJ

更新日期：2007-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Strategies to elicit Abs that can neutralize diverse strains of a highly mutable pathogen are likely to result in a potent vaccine. Broadly neutralizing Abs (bnAbs) against HIV have been isolated from patients, proving that the human immune system can evolve them. Using computer simulations and theory, we study immuni...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shaffer JS,Moore PL,Kardar M,Chakraborty AK

更新日期：2016-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:In HL-60 cells, a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, the human c-myc gene, designated MYC, is amplified about 16-fold. On differentiation of the HL-60 cells into granulocytes induced by several inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase [NAD+ poly(adenosine diphosphate D-ribose)ADP-D-ribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.3...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shima H,Nakayasu M,Aonuma S,Sugimura T,Nagao M

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Efficient degradation of plant cell walls by selected anaerobic bacteria is performed by large extracellular multienzyme complexes termed cellulosomes. The spatial arrangement within the cellulosome is organized by a protein called scaffoldin, which recruits the cellulolytic subunits through interactions between cohes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barth A,Hendrix J,Fried D,Barak Y,Bayer EA,Lamb DC

更新日期：2018-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Ferritin has a protein shell of 5 X 10(6) Da consisting of 24 subunits of two types, a heavier (H) chain of 21,000 Da and a lighter (L) chain of 19,000 Da. A cDNA clone of the messenger for the L subunit has been isolated from a human monocyte-like leukemia cell line. The clone contains an open reading frame of 522 nu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dörner MH,Salfeld J,Will H,Leibold EA,Vass JK,Munro HN

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comprehensive mapping of interactions among Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) proteins and interactions of EBV proteins with human proteins should provide specific hypotheses and a broad perspective on EBV strategies for replication and persistence. Interactions of EBV proteins with each other and with human proteins were as...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Calderwood MA,Venkatesan K,Xing L,Chase MR,Vazquez A,Holthaus AM,Ewence AE,Li N,Hirozane-Kishikawa T,Hill DE,Vidal M,Kieff E,Johannsen E

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthesis of a photosensitive blocking group for the carboxyl function of neurotransmitters, in this case glycine, is reported. The compound, 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl glycine ester (caged glycine), is photolyzed by a laser pulse at 308 or 337 nm within 3 microseconds and with a product quantum yield of 0.2. The com...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramesh D,Wieboldt R,Niu L,Carpenter BK,Hess GP

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thioredoxin (Trx) is an intracellular redox protein with extracellular cytokine-like and chemokine-like activities. We show here that, although plasma Trx levels are unrelated to survival of HIV-infected individuals with CD4 cell counts above 200/microl blood, survival is significantly impaired (P = 0.003) when plasma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakamura H,De Rosa SC,Yodoi J,Holmgren A,Ghezzi P,Herzenberg LA,Herzenberg LA

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:After the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses in 1957, 1968, and 2009, existing seasonal viruses were observed to be replaced in the human population by the novel pandemic strains. We have previously hypothesized that the replacement of seasonal strains was mediated, in part, by a population-scale boost in antibod...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pica N,Hai R,Krammer F,Wang TT,Maamary J,Eggink D,Tan GS,Krause JC,Moran T,Stein CR,Banach D,Wrammert J,Belshe RB,García-Sastre A,Palese P

更新日期：2012-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Sustained activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) -type glutamate receptors leads to excitotoxic neuronal death in stroke, brain trauma, and neurodegenerative disorders. Superoxide production by NADPH oxidase is a requisite event in the process leading from NMDA receptor activation to excitotoxic death. NADPH oxidas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lam TI,Brennan-Minnella AM,Won SJ,Shen Y,Hefner C,Shi Y,Sun D,Swanson RA

更新日期：2013-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Many current treatments for the reclamation of contaminated water sources are chemical-intensive, energy-intensive, and/or require posttreatment due to unwanted by-product formation. We demonstrate that through the integration of nanostructured materials, enzymatic catalysis, and iron-catalyzed free radical reactions ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lewis SR,Datta S,Gui M,Coker EL,Huggins FE,Daunert S,Bachas L,Bhattacharyya D

更新日期：2011-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Two high molecular weight heat shock proteins, HSP90 (Mr, 90,000) and HSP100 (Mr, 100,000), were separately purified from extracts of cultured cells of a mouse lymphoma cell line, L5178Y. Both of the HSPs exist in homodimeric form under physiological conditions. Their physicochemical properties are quite similar to ea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koyasu S,Nishida E,Kadowaki T,Matsuzaki F,Iida K,Harada F,Kasuga M,Sakai H,Yahara I

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synucleinopathies are a group of progressive disorders characterized by the abnormal aggregation and accumulation of α-synuclein (aSyn), an abundant neuronal protein that can adopt different conformations and biological properties. Recently, aSyn pathology was shown to spread between neurons in a prion-like manner. Pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Villar-Piqué A,Lopes da Fonseca T,Sant'Anna R,Szegö ÉM,Fonseca-Ornelas L,Pinho R,Carija A,Gerhardt E,Masaracchia C,Abad Gonzalez E,Rossetti G,Carloni P,Fernández CO,Foguel D,Milosevic I,Zweckstetter M,Ventura S,Outeiro

更新日期：2016-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, to which multidrug efflux pumps such as the AcrB transporter makes a major contribution, is becoming a major public health problem. Unfortunately only a few compounds have been cocrystallized with AcrB, and thus computational approaches are essential in elucidating the i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vargiu AV,Nikaido H

更新日期：2012-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurobiological theories of awareness propose divergent accounts of the spatial extent of brain changes that support conscious perception. Whereas focal theories posit mostly local regional changes, global theories propose that awareness emerges from the propagation of neural signals across a broad extent of sensory a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Godwin D,Barry RL,Marois R

更新日期：2015-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunophilin-immunosuppressant complexes cyclophilin-cyclosporin A (CsA) and FKBP12-FK506 inhibit the phosphatase calcineurin to block T-cell activation. Although cyclophilin A, FKBP12, and calcineurin are highly conserved from yeast to man, none had previously been shown to be essential for viability. We find tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Breuder T,Hemenway CS,Movva NR,Cardenas ME,Heitman J

更新日期：1994-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Cavitation, known as the formation of vapor bubbles when liquids are under tension, is of great interest both in condensed matter science as well as in diverse applications such as botany, hydraulic engineering, and medicine. Although widely studied in bulk and microscale-confined liquids, cavitation in the nanoscale ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Duan C,Karnik R,Lu MC,Majumdar A

更新日期：2012-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether G protein-coupled receptors signal from endosomes to control important pathophysiological processes and are therapeutic targets is uncertain. We report that opioids from the inflamed colon activate δ-opioid receptors (DOPr) in endosomes of nociceptors. Biopsy samples of inflamed colonic mucosa from patients an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jimenez-Vargas NN,Gong J,Wisdom MJ,Jensen DD,Latorre R,Hegron A,Teng S,DiCello JJ,Rajasekhar P,Veldhuis NA,Carbone SE,Yu Y,Lopez-Lopez C,Jaramillo-Polanco J,Canals M,Reed DE,Lomax AE,Schmidt BL,Leong KW,Vanner SJ,

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The gene encoding the rice transcription factor, REB (rice endosperm bZIP) was cloned from a bacterial artificial chromosome library of rice. The cloned 6,227-bp-long Reb gene is composed of six exons and five introns and is flanked by a 1.2-kb 5' promoter and a 1.2-kb 3' terminator region. The function of the Reb gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang D,Wu L,Hwang YS,Chen L,Huang N

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigenic variation of African trypanosomes results from the periodic activation of a single new variant cell surface glycoprotein (VSG) gene out of a repertoire of about a 1000 VSG genes. In spite of the apparently random genetic basis of the process of antigenic variation, the relapsing parasitemias are characterize...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Agur Z,Abiri D,Van der Ploeg LH

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common autosomal recessive disorder of iron metabolism that leads to excessive iron storage in the liver and other organs. Recently, between 83 and 100% of HH patients have been found to be homozygous for the same mutation in a novel major histocompatibility complex class I-like ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Parkkila S,Waheed A,Britton RS,Feder JN,Tsuchihashi Z,Schatzman RC,Bacon BR,Sly WS

更新日期：1997-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteopithecus sylviae is an archaic anthropoid from the late Eocene quarry L-41, Fayum Province, Egypt. The dentition of Proteopithecus is very primitive and does not closely resemble that of other, better known, primates from the Fayum (e.g., parapithecids and propliopithecids). The dental morphology, much of which ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miller ER,Simons EL

更新日期：1997-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:An in-depth knowledge of the interaction of water with amorphous silica is critical to fundamental studies of interfacial hydration water, as well as to industrial processes such as catalysis, nanofabrication, and chromatography. Silica has a tunable surface comprising hydrophilic silanol groups and moderately hydroph...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schrader AM,Monroe JI,Sheil R,Dobbs HA,Keller TJ,Li Y,Jain S,Shell MS,Israelachvili JN,Han S

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The adult repertoire of antibody specificities is acquired in a developmentally programmed fashion that, in mouse and man, parallels the ordered rearrangement of a limited number of germ-line heavy chain variable region (VH) gene segments during development. It has been hypothesized that this developmental bias is a c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Willems van Dijk K,Milner LA,Sasso EH,Milner EC

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in sequences at the C terminus of the capsid precursor protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that affect the viral p6 protein prevent release of budded virus particles from the cell surface. The experiments reported here define an important step in the life cycle of the virus, the release of the bud...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Göttlinger HG,Dorfman T,Sodroski JG,Haseltine WA

更新日期：1991-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The coelacanth fish Latimeria chalumnae is the sole surviving species of a phylogenetic lineage that was founded more than 400 million years ago and that has changed morphologically very little since that time. Little is known about the molecular evolution of this "living fossil," considered by some taxonomists to be ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Betz UA,Mayer WE,Klein J

更新日期：1994-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Aspergillus fumigatus is commonly associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with severe asthma in which chronic airway neutrophilia predicts a poor outcome. We were able to recapitulate fungus-induced neutrophilic airway inflammation in a mouse model in our efforts to understand the underlyin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fei M,Bhatia S,Oriss TB,Yarlagadda M,Khare A,Akira S,Saijo S,Iwakura Y,Fallert Junecko BA,Reinhart TA,Foreman O,Ray P,Kolls J,Ray A

更新日期：2011-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The central limit theorem is applied to group foraging to show an automatic and universal benefit to group living. This may explain the paradoxical inverse correlation between group size and per capita brood production in primitively eusocial insects and why only one of the five major lineages of social insects contai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wenzel JW,Pickering J

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent development of metallic glass-matrix composites represents a particular milestone in engineering materials for structural applications owing to their remarkable combination of strength and toughness. However, metallic glasses are highly susceptible to cyclic fatigue damage, and previous attempts to solve th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Launey ME,Hofmann DC,Johnson WL,Ritchie RO

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole-cell and single-channel recording techniques were used to study the action of the anticonvulsant drug MK-801 [(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]- cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate) on responses to excitatory amino acids in rat neocortical neurons in cell culture. MK-801 caused a progressive, long-lasting bl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huettner JE,Bean BP

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00