Modeling gene and genome duplications in eukaryotes.

abstract：:Depression is a multifactorial illness and genetic factors play a role in its etiology. The understanding of its physiopathology relies on the availability of experimental models potentially mimicking the disease. Here we describe a model built up by selective breeding of mice with strikingly different responses in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： El Yacoubi M,Bouali S,Popa D,Naudon L,Leroux-Nicollet I,Hamon M,Costentin J,Adrien J,Vaugeois JM

更新日期：2003-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifteen tumor-containing specimens were obtained directly from patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung and tested for their ability to grow in serum-supplemented medium and in serum-free medium supplemented with hydrocortisone, insulin, transferrin, estrogen, and selenium (HITES). The tumor cells replicated in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carney DN,Bunn PA Jr,Gazdar AF,Pagan JA,Minna JD

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The specificity with which the genetic code is read in protein synthesis, and with which other highly specific biosynthetic reactions take place, can be increased above the level available from free energy differences in intermediates or kinetic barriers by a process defined here as kinetic proofreading. A simple kine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hopfield JJ

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss-of-function mutations in the genes associated with primary microcephaly (MCPH) reduce human brain size by about two-thirds, without producing gross abnormalities in brain organization or physiology and leaving other organs largely unaffected [Woods CG, et al. (2005) Am J Hum Genet 76:717-728]. There is also evide...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rimol LM,Agartz I,Djurovic S,Brown AA,Roddey JC,Kähler AK,Mattingsdal M,Athanasiu L,Joyner AH,Schork NJ,Halgren E,Sundet K,Melle I,Dale AM,Andreassen OA,Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.

更新日期：2010-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients undergoing treatment at a community-based renal dialysis clinic were monitored monthly for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs). Of 160 patients who began treatment HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-), 77 subsequently became HBsAg(+). Once HBsAg(+), males were more likely to remain HBsAg(+) i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： London WT,Drew JS

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eyes of some aquatic animals form images through reflective optics. Shrimp, lobsters, crayfish, and prawns possess reflecting superposition compound eyes, composed of thousands of square-faceted eye units (ommatidia). Mirrors in the upper part of the eye (the distal mirror) reflect light collected from many ommati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Palmer BA,Hirsch A,Brumfeld V,Aflalo ED,Pinkas I,Sagi A,Rosenne S,Oron D,Leiserowitz L,Kronik L,Weiner S,Addadi L

更新日期：2018-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Purified diphtheria toxin is shown to inhibit protein synthesis in Ehrlich-Lettré ascites carcinoma cells in vitro. Protein synthesis in Ehrlich-Lettré cells is at least 10,000 times more sensitive to toxin than protein synthesis in normal mouse spleen or thymus cells. This sensitivity correlates with the observation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iglewski BH,Rittenberg MB

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An RNA polymerase (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6) has been purified from phage-SP01-infected Bacillus subtilis that copies RNA almost exclusively from the heavy strand of native SP01 DNA, the DNA strand from which "middle" and "late" classes of RNA are copied in vivo. Hybridization-com...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pero J,Nelson J,Fox TD

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In enteric bacteria, the cellular response to oxidative stress is activated by oxidation of the iron-sulfur clusters in SoxR, which then induces transcription of soxS, turning on a battery of defense genes. Here we demonstrate both in vitro and in cells that activation of SoxR can occur in a DNA-mediated reaction with...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee PE,Demple B,Barton JK

更新日期：2009-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:A general procedure is described for the production of human monoclonal antibodies from peripheral blood lymphocytes immunized in vitro against T-cell-dependent antigens. These lymphocytes immunized in culture were used to produce human-human or human-mouse hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies specific for digox...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Borrebaeck CA,Danielsson L,Möller SA

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The brain vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) pumps monoamine neurotransmitters and Parkinsonism-inducing dopamine neurotoxins such as 1-methyl-4-phenyl-phenypyridinium (MPP+) from neuronal cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles, from which amphetamines cause their release. Amphetamines and MPP+ each also act at nonvesi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takahashi N,Miner LL,Sora I,Ujike H,Revay RS,Kostic V,Jackson-Lewis V,Przedborski S,Uhl GR

更新日期：1997-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cyanobacteria alter their phycobilisome composition in response to changes in light wavelength in a process termed complementary chromatic adaptation. Mutant strains FdR1 and FdR2 of the filamentous cyanobacterium Fremyella diplosiphon are characterized by aberrant chromatic adaptation. Instead of adjusting to di...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chiang GG,Schaefer MR,Grossman AR

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Construction of deletion derivative plasmids and cloning of restriction fragments from plasmids containing the Salmonella typhimurium origin of replication (ori) were used to locate the functional origin to within a DNA fragment of 296 base pairs between the genes uncB and asn. The nucleotide sequence of the S. typhim...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zyskind JW,Smith DW

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycobacterium marinum, a natural pathogen of fish and frogs and an occasional pathogen of humans, is capable of inducing actin tail formation within the cytoplasm of macrophages, leading to actin-based motility and intercellular spread. Actin tail formation by M. marinum is markedly reduced in macrophages deficient in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stamm LM,Pak MA,Morisaki JH,Snapper SB,Rottner K,Lommel S,Brown EJ

更新日期：2005-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Future nuclear arms reduction efforts will require technologies to verify that warheads slated for dismantlement are authentic without revealing any sensitive weapons design information to international inspectors. Despite several decades of research, no technology has met these requirements simultaneously. Recent wor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vavrek JR,Henderson BS,Danagoulian A

更新日期：2018-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The rate of derepressed synthesis of a membrane protein required for lactose transport (M protein) by Escherichia coli is increased in response to increased gene dosage to the same extent as the rates of synthesis of beta-galactosidase and galactoside acetylase. However, elevated gene dosage does not increase beta-gal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fox CF

更新日期：1969-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcus neoformans (CN), an encapsulated, ubiquitous environmental yeast, is pathogenic for humans, primarily those with compromised immune function. CN is believed to be a facultative intracellular pathogen. Time-lapsed video microscopy revealed that yeast began to replicate and divide 2 hours after ingestion by...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tucker SC,Casadevall A

更新日期：2002-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription of genes encoding gluconeogenic enzymes is tightly regulated during the perinatal period. These genes are induced by glucagon (cAMP) and glucocorticoids and repressed by insulin. To address the role of cAMP and glucocorticoids in the physiological activation of genes encoding gluconeogenic enzymes in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Montoliu L,Blendy JA,Cole TJ,Schütz G

更新日期：1995-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a conserved meiotic structure that regulates the repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) into crossovers or gene conversions. The removal of any central-region SC component, such as the Drosophila melanogaster transverse filament protein C(3)G, causes a complete loss of SC structure and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Billmyre KK,Cahoon CK,Heenan GM,Wesley ER,Yu Z,Unruh JR,Takeo S,Hawley RS

更新日期：2019-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells contain numerous enzymes that use molecular oxygen for their reactions. Often, their active sites are buried deeply inside the protein, which raises the question whether there are specific access channels guiding oxygen to the site of catalysis. Choosing 12/15-lipoxygenase as a typical example for such oxygen-de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saam J,Ivanov I,Walther M,Holzhütter HG,Kuhn H

更新日期：2007-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A mathematical analysis of the formation of hemolytic plaques in agar is presented. The results can be used to calculate the rate constant for antigen-antibody association and the distribution of antibody secretion rates. The limitations of the treatment and estimates of the expected errors involved are briefly discus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Lisi CP,Bell GI

更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A serpin was identified in normal mammary gland by differential cDNA sequencing. In situ hybridization has detected this serpin exclusively in the myoepithelial cells on the normal and noninvasive mammary epithelial side of the basement membrane and thus was named myoepithelium-derived serine proteinase inhibitor (MEP...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xiao G,Liu YE,Gentz R,Sang QA,Ni J,Goldberg ID,Shi YE

更新日期：1999-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased clouds and precipitation normally decrease the diurnal temperature range (DTR) and thus have commonly been offered as explanation for the trend of reduced DTR observed for many land areas over the last several decades. Observations show, however, that the DTR was reduced most in dry regions and especially in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou L,Dickinson RE,Tian Y,Vose RS,Dai Y

更新日期：2007-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrical stimulation of the primary spines (greater than 10 cm long) of the tropical sea urchin Diadema antillarum elicits graded compound action potentials that are conducted at a constant speed of approximately equal to 27 cm/sec. Ion substitution experiments suggest that these are due to the summation of calcium ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith DS,Brink D,del Castillo J

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease, in which the death of mutant rod photoreceptors leads secondarily to the non-cell autonomous death of cone photoreceptors. Gene therapy is a promising treatment strategy. Unfortunately, current methods of gene delivery treat only a fraction of diseas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koch SF,Duong JK,Hsu CW,Tsai YT,Lin CS,Wahl-Schott CA,Tsang SH

更新日期：2017-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholera and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are among the most common causes of acute infantile gastroenteritis globally. We previously developed a rice-based vaccine that expressed cholera toxin B subunit (MucoRice-CTB) and had the advantages of being cold chain-free and providing protection against cholera t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tokuhara D,Yuki Y,Nochi T,Kodama T,Mejima M,Kurokawa S,Takahashi Y,Nanno M,Nakanishi U,Takaiwa F,Honda T,Kiyono H

更新日期：2010-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of the human HSP70 gene is induced by a wide range of physiological stresses, including exposure to heat shock and heavy metals, or under nonstress conditions, such as in response to serum stimulation. We have previously demonstrated that in either case the regulated expression is at the primary level o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu BJ,Kingston RE,Morimoto RI

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type II platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase [PAF-AH (II)] is an N-myristoylated enzyme that contains a lipase/esterase catalytic motif and selectively hydrolyzes the sn-2 acetyl ester of PAF and other short-chain acyl groups attached to phosphoglycerides. However, the physiological role of this enzyme remains t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inoue T,Sugimoto A,Suzuki Y,Yamamoto M,Tsujimoto M,Inoue K,Aoki J,Arai H

更新日期：2004-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy is currently being pursued as a treatment for the monogenic disorder α-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency. Results from phase I and II studies have shown relatively stable and dose-dependent increases in transgene-derived wild-type AAT after local intramuscular vector adm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Calcedo R,Somanathan S,Qin Q,Betts MR,Rech AJ,Vonderheide RH,Mueller C,Flotte TR,Wilson JM

更新日期：2017-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Full-length 66-kDa estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) stimulates target gene transcription through two activation functions (AFs), AF-1 in the N-terminal domain and AF-2 in the ligand binding domain. Another physiologically expressed 46-kDa ERalpha isoform lacks the N-terminal A/B domains and is consequently devoid of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Billon-Galés A,Fontaine C,Filipe C,Douin-Echinard V,Fouque MJ,Flouriot G,Gourdy P,Lenfant F,Laurell H,Krust A,Chambon P,Arnal JF

更新日期：2009-02-10 00:00:00