A long-range attraction between aggregating 3T3 cells mediated by near-infrared light scattering.

abstract：:A decade ago it was discovered that mature birds are able to regenerate hair cells, the receptors for auditory perception. This surprising finding generated hope in the field of auditory neuroscience that new hair cells someday may be coaxed to form in another class of warm-blooded vertebrates, mammals. We have made c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stone JS,Rubel EW

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic gut inflammatory diseases are associated with disruption of intestinal epithelial barriers and impaired mucosal immunity. HIV-1 (HIV) causes depletion of mucosal CD4+ T cells early in infection and disruption of gut epithelium, resulting in chronic inflammation and immunodeficiency. Although antiretroviral the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crakes KR,Santos Rocha C,Grishina I,Hirao LA,Napoli E,Gaulke CA,Fenton A,Datta S,Arredondo J,Marco ML,Sankaran-Walters S,Cortopassi G,Giulivi C,Dandekar S

更新日期：2019-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Inactivating mutations in chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (CHD7) cause CHARGE syndrome, a severe multiorgan system disorder of which Isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency (IGD) is a minor feature. Recent reports have described predominantly missense CHD7 alleles in IGD patients, but it ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balasubramanian R,Choi JH,Francescatto L,Willer J,Horton ER,Asimacopoulos EP,Stankovic KM,Plummer L,Buck CL,Quinton R,Nebesio TD,Mericq V,Merino PM,Meyer BF,Monies D,Gusella JF,Al Tassan N,Katsanis N,Crowley WF Jr

更新日期：2014-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In rodent models of Parkinson disease in which transplants of dissociated rodent and human embryonic mesencephalic tissue, rich in dopamine neurons, have been studied, only 5-20% of the dopamine neurons survive the implantation procedure. We have investigated the effects of inhibiting free radical generation with two ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakao N,Frodl EM,Duan WM,Widner H,Brundin P

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A single mutation altering the transmembrane domain of the receptor-like p185 protein encoded by the rat neu gene converts the normal neu gene into a potent oncogene. The biochemical consequences of this mutation were studied by examining phosphorylation of the normal and transforming p185 molecules in membrane prepar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bargmann CI,Weinberg RA

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Silicate melts at the top of the transition zone and the core-mantle boundary have significant influences on the dynamics and properties of Earth's interior. MgSiO3-rich silicate melts were among the primary components of the magma ocean and thus played essential roles in the chemical differentiation of the early Eart...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee SK,Lin JF,Cai YQ,Hiraoka N,Eng PJ,Okuchi T,Mao HK,Meng Y,Hu MY,Chow P,Shu J,Li B,Fukui H,Lee BH,Kim HN,Yoo CS

更新日期：2008-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular cloning has established the primary structures of two precursors of the human pancreas growth hormone-releasing factor (hpGRF-44), somatocrinin. Both polypeptides contain the sequence of hpGRF-44 flanked by basic processing sites. Furthermore, the precursors include a putative signal sequence and a carboxyl-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gubler U,Monahan JJ,Lomedico PT,Bhatt RS,Collier KJ,Hoffman BJ,Böhlen P,Esch F,Ling N,Zeytin F,Brazeau P,Poonian MS,Gage LP

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome duplication followed by massive gene loss has permanently shaped the genomes of many higher eukaryotes, particularly angiosperms. It has long been believed that a primary advantage of genome duplication is the opportunity for the evolution of genes with new functions by modification of duplicated genes. If so, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chapman BA,Bowers JE,Feltus FA,Paterson AH

更新日期：2006-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthesis of a photosensitive blocking group for the carboxyl function of neurotransmitters, in this case glycine, is reported. The compound, 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl glycine ester (caged glycine), is photolyzed by a laser pulse at 308 or 337 nm within 3 microseconds and with a product quantum yield of 0.2. The com...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramesh D,Wieboldt R,Niu L,Carpenter BK,Hess GP

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in protein function can lead to changes in the selection acting on specific residues. This can often be detected as evolutionary rate changes at the sites in question. A maximum-likelihood method for detecting evolutionary rate shifts at specific protein positions is presented. The method determines significan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knudsen B,Miyamoto MM

更新日期：2001-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Mesenteric fat is known to undergo inflammatory changes after 2,4,6,-trinitrobenzensulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. Neurotensin (NT) and neurotensin receptor 1 (NTR1) have been shown to play a major role in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation. This led us to explore whether NT and NTR1 are expressed in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koon HW,Kim YS,Xu H,Kumar A,Zhao D,Karagiannides I,Dobner PR,Pothoulakis C

更新日期：2009-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The planarity of peptide bonds is an assumption that underlies decades of theoretical modeling of proteins. Peptide bonds strongly deviating from planarity are considered very rare features of protein structure that occur for functional reasons. Here, empirical analyses of atomic-resolution protein structures reveal t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berkholz DS,Driggers CM,Shapovalov MV,Dunbrack RL Jr,Karplus PA

更新日期：2012-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:It is suggested that active transport, muscle contraction, and ribosomal translocation may all make use of a common allosteric mechanism in which ATP or GTP serves as both the effector and substrate and in which a conformational change in a protein (enzyme) moves or exerts a force on a second ligand. The enzymatic spl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hill TL

更新日期：1969-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian SWI/SNF [also called BAF (Brg/Brahma-associated factors)] ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes are essential for formation of the totipotent and pluripotent cells of the early embryo. In addition, subunits of this complex have been recovered in screens for genes required for nuclear reprogramming in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ho L,Ronan JL,Wu J,Staahl BT,Chen L,Kuo A,Lessard J,Nesvizhskii AI,Ranish J,Crabtree GR

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as fatty alcohols and petroleum-derived alkanes have numerous applications in the chemical industry. In recent years, the renewable synthesis of aliphatic hydrocarbons has been made possible by engineering microbes to overaccumulate fatty acids. However, to generate end products with the de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akhtar MK,Turner NJ,Jones PR

更新日期：2013-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that requires preexisiting epithelial injury to cause acute infections. We report that P. aeruginosa inhibits mammalian cytokinesis in a type III secretion system and exotoxin T (ExoT)-dependent manner. ExoT is a bifunctional type III secretion system effector protei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shafikhani SH,Engel J

更新日期：2006-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated a protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that binds specifically to a nucleotide sequence associated with the autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) ARS120, located in the telomeric region of a yeast chromosome. "Footprinting" analysis revealed that a 26-base-pair DNA sequence, 5'-CAAGTGCCGTGCATAATGAT...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eisenberg S,Civalier C,Tye BK

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is described in which the interference of radiated second-harmonic electric fields generated by a pair of oriented molecules intercalated into double-stranded DNA is controlled and measured. The results show that the relative molecular orientation of the two molecules significantly changes the magnitude of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Doughty B,Rao Y,Kazer SW,Kwok SJ,Turro NJ,Eisenthal KB

更新日期：2013-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes neuronal apoptosis, inflammation, and reactive astrogliosis, which contribute to secondary tissue loss, impaired regeneration, and associated functional disabilities. Here, we show that up-regulation of cell cycle components is associated with caspase-mediated neuronal apoptosis and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Di Giovanni S,Movsesyan V,Ahmed F,Cernak I,Schinelli S,Stoica B,Faden AI

更新日期：2005-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In many cell-signaling pathways, information is transmitted by the diffusion of messenger molecules. Diffusion coefficients characterize the messenger's spatial range and the characteristic times of signal propagation. Inside cells, particles usually diffuse in the presence of immobile binding sites (or traps). It is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pando B,Dawson SP,Mak DO,Pearson JE

更新日期：2006-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:We have constructed and cloned, in bacteria, recombinant plasmids containing DNA complementary to mRNA coding for a pancreatic pre-prosomatostatin, a product of the cell-free translation of pancreatic islet mRNAs shown previously by immunoprecipitation to be a precursor of somatostatin. A clone containing a nearly ful...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goodman RH,Jacobs JW,Chin WW,Lund PK,Dee PC,Habener JF

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic copy number variations (CNVs) exist in the brain, but their genesis, prevalence, forms, and biological impact remain unclear, even within experimentally tractable animal models. We combined a transposase-based amplification (TbA) methodology for single-cell whole-genome sequencing with a bioinformatic approach...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rohrback S,April C,Kaper F,Rivera RR,Liu CS,Siddoway B,Chun J

更新日期：2018-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite structural knowledge of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (NMAbs) complexed to HIV-1 gp120 and gp41 envelope glycoproteins, virus inactivation mechanisms have been difficult to prove, in part because neutralization assays are complex and were previously not understood. Concordant with recent evidence ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Platt EJ,Gomes MM,Kabat D

更新日期：2012-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A gene's expression pattern provides clues to its role in normal physiology and disease. To provide quantitative expression levels on a genome-wide scale, the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project (CGAP) uses serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). Over 5 million transcript tags from more than 100 human cell types have bee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boon K,Osorio EC,Greenhut SF,Schaefer CF,Shoemaker J,Polyak K,Morin PJ,Buetow KH,Strausberg RL,De Souza SJ,Riggins GJ

更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of myelin by Schwann cells (SCs) occurs via a series of orchestrated molecular events. We previously used global expression profiling to examine peripheral nerve myelination and identified the NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase Sir-two-homolog 2 (Sirt2) as a protein likely to be involved in myelination. Here, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beirowski B,Gustin J,Armour SM,Yamamoto H,Viader A,North BJ,Michán S,Baloh RH,Golden JP,Schmidt RE,Sinclair DA,Auwerx J,Milbrandt J

更新日期：2011-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Ubiquitin is a highly conserved protein that is encoded by a multigene family. It is generally believed that this gene family is subject to concerted evolution, which homogenizes the member genes of the family. However, protein homogeneity can be attained also by strong purifying selection. We therefore studied the pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nei M,Rogozin IB,Piontkivska H

更新日期：2000-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Gold nanoparticles (NPs) wrapped in a membrane can be utilized as artificial virus nanoparticles (AVNs) that combine the large nonblinking or bleaching optical cross-section of the NP core with the biological surface properties and functionalities provided by a self-assembled lipid membrane. We used these hybrid nanom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu F,Bandara A,Akiyama H,Eshaghi B,Stelter D,Keyes T,Straub JE,Gummuluru S,Reinhard BM

更新日期：2018-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have generated a hybridoma cell line secreting a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the surfaces of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, the cells involved in myelin formation in the central and peripheral nervous systems, respectively. Binding studies using purified sphingolipids showed that this antibo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ranscht B,Clapshaw PA,Price J,Noble M,Seifert W

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diverse motivations for preserving nature both inspire and hinder its conservation. Optimal conservation strategies may differ radically depending on the objective. For example, creating nature reserves may prevent extinctions through protecting severely threatened species, whereas incentivizing farmland hedgerows may...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Karp DS,Mendenhall CD,Callaway E,Frishkoff LO,Kareiva PM,Ehrlich PR,Daily GC

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activating region I of GAL4 protein is a stretch of amino acids, positioned adjacent to the DNA-binding region, that activates transcription in yeast and, as we show here, in mammalian cells. Here we describe mutations located throughout a 65-amino acid region that increase the activation function of region I. Most of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gill G,Sadowski I,Ptashne M

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00