Abstract:
:Cancer cells generally maintain their survival by suppressing apoptosis. Mitochondrial mechanisms are involved in most forms of apoptosis (referred to as mitochondrial apoptosis), and the Bcl-2 family controls apoptosis at the mitochondrion via a balance of the effects of pro- and antiapoptotic members. Antiapoptotic molecules such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) are often overexpressed in cancer cells and their inhibition is an attractive target for selective killing of tumor cells via induction of apoptosis. Reduction of the levels of these proteins with antisense molecules has shown encouraging experimental and clinical results and there has been some success in developing small-molecule inhibitors. These are likely to be the most productive drug development approaches in the near future. However, growing understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved has identified other potential targets. Cardiolipin is important for the proapoptotic activity of Bcl-2 family members such as Bid, Bax and Bak, and modulation of its metabolism and translocation in mitochondrial membranes could potentially have a strong influence on apoptosis. Post-translational modifications strongly influence the activity of Bcl-2 family members. Several molecules have been identified that bind to Bcl-2 family members and could be intracellular control mechanisms. These mechanisms may yield several drug development targets for the induction of apoptosis. Further research will qualify these targets and, in the longer term, could lead to a more specific means of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.
journal_name
Expert Rev Anticancer Therjournal_title
Expert review of anticancer therapyauthors
Gardner CRdoi
10.1586/14737140.4.6.1157keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
1157-77issue
6eissn
1473-7140issn
1744-8328pii
ERA040618journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Cancer immunotherapy aims at eliciting an immune response directed against tumor antigens to help fight off residual tumor cells and, thereby, improve the survival and quality of life of cancer patients. Different immunotherapeutic approaches share the use of dendritic cells (DCs) to present tumor-associated antigens ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.9.1.97
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Treatment outcome is better among patients who demonstrate sensitivity to salvage chemotherapy. Approximately half of the patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation will be cured a...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.7.3.297
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Head and neck cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the USA. Although there have been major improvements in surgical and radiation techniques, the overall survival has not changed significantly in the last decade. The major changes occurring in recent years have been in the ability to preserve organs and to improv...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.8.4.633
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Before the advent of rationally designed targeted antineoplastic therapies, cladribine was identified as a lymphocyte-specific cytotoxic agent. Cladribine is a purine nucleoside analogue that is resistant to cellular catabolism. Through diverse mechanisms, cladribine is equally toxic to dividing and nondividing cells,...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.8.4.535
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the developed world, and its incidence is increasing. Mortality from this cancer has not improved in recent decades and is primarily driven by high-grade carcinomas that are more likely to present at an advanced stage and ultimately are more l...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737140.2018.1491311
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The development of immune-checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) axis has transformed the treatment paradigm in non-small-cell lung cancer, bringing about unprecedented 5-year survival rates. Despite this dramatic improvement, roughly 70% of patients do not der...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737140.2020.1816173
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of clinical trials over the past 15 years demonstrate that the taxanes are among the most effective new class of cytotoxic drugs to treat breast cancer and other solid tumors. Moreover, the efficacy of the taxanes added further credence to the relevance of the microtubule as a tumor target. In spite of the sig...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.8.5.671
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positron emission tomography (PET) is a functional diagnostic imaging technique that provides very different information from that obtainable with other imaging modalities. The most widely used radiotracer is F-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), which is an analog of glucose. The FDG uptake in cells is directly propor...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.6.8.1241
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a distinct disease entity whose molecular phenotype predicts exquisite sensitivity to the reversible EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) gefitinib or erlotinib. However, primary or acquired resistance to these agents remain...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1586/era.11.34
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The therapeutic armamentarium for advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) has increased over the last few years. Doxorubicin monotherapy or in combination is now the established first line treatment. Beyond first line treatment, no standard therapy has been established. Novel drugs have reached the late-clinica...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737140.2017.1321989
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anemia in cancer patients is frequent but often under-recognized and under-treated. This may be related to misconceptions about the impact of anemia on cancer patients and ill-defined guidelines for treatment, as well as the inadequacies of current therapy. Darbepoetin alfa, a novel erythropoiesis-stimulating protein ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2.4.377
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Raloxifene is a member of a family of drugs known as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). Raloxifene is currently approved by the FDA for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. SERMs hold the potential to treat and prevent breast cancer, osteoporosis and coronary heart disease...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737140.1.3.334
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although a relatively uncommon disease, the treatment of vulvar cancer has changed considerably over the years and has been under considerable focus due to its past overtreatment and apparent increase in incidence. The purpose of this review is to describe the recommended management of the most commonly en...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737140.2019.1538797
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been used in the intravesical treatment of urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) for three decades. Despite its efficacy, intravesical BCG therapy is associated with some limitations such as side effects and BCG failure, which have inspired multiple ways to improve it. Recent advances have...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2015.961430
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ductal carcinoma-in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor for invasive breast cancer and concern exists regarding the potential for overdiagnosis and overtreatment as the natural history of DCIS progression to invasive breast cancer may never occur or take decades in some cases. Preoperative systemic therapy window ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2015.1043897
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the current status of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with outcome analysis. The published English literature (PubMed) database was searched extensively for major publications and large series on RARP. The search was carried out over the preceding 3-year period. Selected series were ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.10.35
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary factors and other naturally occurring substances may emerge as potent therapeutic or preventative agents in the battle against prostate cancer. Much of the current support for these agents is epidemiologically based, but new prospective studies are now underway which may support their use in conventional medic...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.3.2.203
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer has evolved greatly in the last 15 years, involving combined chemotherapy protocols and, in more recent times, new biologic agents. Clinical benefit from the use of targeted therapy with bevacizumab, aflibercept, cetuximab, panitumumab and regorafenib in the treatment of m...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2014.949678
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In breast cancer, estrogen receptor (ER) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are essential biomarkers to predict response to endocrine and anti-HER2 therapies, respectively. In metastatic breast cancer, the use of these receptors and targeted therapies present additional challenges: tempora...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737140.2019.1552138
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:To date, all efforts to fight gastrointestinal cancer, regardless of its origin and entity, have resulted in complex therapeutic regimens involving a combination of systemic therapy, radiation therapy and surgery. It is generally accepted across all disciplines that not one, but the combination and the pro...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737140.2021.1868991
更新日期:2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy with a peak incidence over the age of 55 years. AML of older patients is less curable with conventional chemotherapy, and, when it relapses, is almost uniformly fatal. Novel treatments hold the promise of improving the results of therapy, but have failed so far ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.8.5.785
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Immunotherapy has emerged as a major class in the therapeutic arsenal of multiple myeloma. Cell-based immunotherapy (CAR T-cells) and monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy (naked monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and bispecific T-cell engagers) are the two cornerstones of this novel approa...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737140.2021.1837627
更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Interview by Sophia Maprayil and Alexandra Hemsley, Commissioning Editors Chris Twelves is a medical oncologist and leads the Section of Oncology and Clinical Research at Cancer Research UK's Clinical Centre at St James's Hospital, Leeds. His particular interest lies in new drug development and clinical pharmacology; ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 面试
doi:10.1586/era.13.3
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since its introduction almost 40 years ago, intravesical BCG for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer remains one of the most successful cancer immunotherapies. However, up to 40% of patients will progress after BCG therapy and develop invasive bladder cancer. Despite its extensive clinical use, we are only beginning to...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.2015.1015419
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: The microbiota is recognized for its impact on both human health and disease. The human microbiota is made up of trillions of cells, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The largest population of microbes reside in the gut, prompting research for better understanding of the impact of gastrointestinal ...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14737140.2021.1844007
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder comprises a spectrum of illnesses ranging from nonmuscle-invasive to muscle-invasive to advanced/metastatic disease. Each of these clinical states is characterized by a unique pathogenesis, prognosis and approach to treatment. However, given the heterogeneity of urothelial carcinoma...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.12.141
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) recommendations on the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) have recently been updated. Imatinib 400 mg/day remains the standard first-line treatment for patients with metastatic GIST. Mutational analysis has received a strong recommendation for diagnosti...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/era.09.34
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent population-based study on 2000 adult patients with Burkitt lymphoma presented a novel score that takes into account age, race and clinical stage to prognosticate survival. The outcome of patients with Burkitt lymphoma has improved in the last decade, likely due to intensive chemotherapy regimens and anti-CD20...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737140.2014.866042
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::En bloc removal of the prostate has traditionally been an integral component of radical cystectomy for men with bladder cancer owing to a high incidence of occult prostatic malignancy. However, the risk of functional morbidity following this procedure is considerable and can delay patient acceptance of cystectomy, whi...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.7.7.1003
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 13,000 patients died from invasive bladder cancer in 2005 alone. Radical cystectomy is the most commonly prescribed treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, or for those with a nonmuscle-invasive disease that is refractory to intravesical therapy. Despite advances in surgical technique and...
journal_title:Expert review of anticancer therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737140.6.2.281
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00