Towards bridging the gap from molecular forces to the movement of organisms.

Abstract:

:Muscles are responsible for generating the forces required for the movement of multicellular organisms. Microscopically, these forces arise as a consequence of motor proteins (myosin) pulling and sliding along actin filaments. Current knowledge states that the molecular forces between actin and myosin are linear in nature [Huxley and Simmons (1971) Nature (London) 233, 533-538] and that the physiologically observed non-linearities (e.g. Hill's force-velocity relationship) are a consequence of non-linearities in the attachment/detachment ratios. However, this view has been disputed recently [Nielsen (2002) J. Theor. Biol. 219, 99-119], inspired by results from protein pulling experiments showing that proteins often have non-linear entropic force-extension profiles. Irrespective of the case, the present study aims at integrating such basic force-producing properties into large-scale simulations of muscle, which may accommodate macroscopic properties of muscles, e.g. the catch-like effect, the Henneman principle and accurate twitch force and motor unit size distributions. As a test of the underlying principles, a model of the biceps caput breve muscle is presented and compared with experimental data.

journal_name

Biochem Soc Trans

authors

Nielsen BG

doi

10.1042/BST0320694

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2004-11-01 00:00:00

pages

694-6

issue

Pt 5

eissn

0300-5127

issn

1470-8752

pii

BST0320694

journal_volume

32

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Assay of methylglyoxal-derived protein and nucleotide AGEs.

    abstract::Glyoxalase- and methylglyoxal-related research has required the development of quantitative and reliable techniques for the measurement of methylglyoxal-derived glycation adducts of protein and DNA. There are also other glycation adducts, oxidation adducts and nitration adducts of proteins and oxidation adducts of DNA...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST20140019

    authors: Rabbani N,Shaheen F,Anwar A,Masania J,Thornalley PJ

    更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00

  • Inhibition of recombinant GluN1/GluN2A and GluN1/GluN2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by single malt whiskies.

    abstract::NMDARs (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors) are considered to be a target for the inhibitory actions of ethanol. While profound inhibition of both native and recombinant NMDARs can be observed following the application of high concentrations of ethanol the levels of inhibition seen with lower concentrations of ethanol are...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST0371423

    authors: Otton HJ,Janssen A,Wyllie DJ

    更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00

  • Networking in the endoplasmic reticulum.

    abstract::The network of the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is set up by cytoskeletal control of the movement and remodelling of polygonal rings of tubules, bundles of tubules and cisternal regions. We have developed a new image analysis tool, persistency mapping, to understand the framework upon which the plant ER remodels. With t...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST0380747

    authors: Griffing LR

    更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00

  • The intestinal immunoendocrine axis: novel cross-talk between enteroendocrine cells and the immune system during infection and inflammatory disease.

    abstract::The intestinal epithelium represents one of our most important interfaces with the external environment. It must remain tightly balanced to allow nutrient absorption, but maintain barrier function and immune homoeostasis, a failure of which results in chronic infection or debilitating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)....

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST20150090

    authors: Worthington JJ

    更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00

  • Opportunities for bioprocess monitoring using FRET biosensors.

    abstract::Bioprocess monitoring is used to track the progress of a cell culture and ensure that the product quality is maintained. Current schemes for monitoring metabolism rely on offline measurements of samples of the extracellular medium. However, in the era of synthetic biology, it is now possible to design and implement bi...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST20130103

    authors: Constantinou A,Polizzi KM

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00

  • Inspired by lipids: the Morton Lecture Award Presentation.

    abstract::Lipids are key molecules for membranes, energy storage and signalling. I have been privileged to have worked in such a diverse field and in organisms from microbes to humans. Here I will describe some of those contrasting areas which range from environmental impacts to food production and on to human health. It has be...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST20160406

    authors: Harwood JL

    更新日期:2017-04-15 00:00:00

  • Probing the druggability of protein-protein interactions: targeting the Notch1 receptor ankyrin domain using a fragment-based approach.

    abstract::In order to achieve greater selectivity in drug discovery, researchers in both academia and industry are targeting cell regulatory systems. This often involves targeting the protein-protein interactions of regulatory multiprotein assemblies. Protein-protein interfaces are widely recognized to be challenging targets as...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST0391327

    authors: Abdel-Rahman N,Martinez-Arias A,Blundell TL

    更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00

  • Multiple glucose 6-phosphate pools or channelling of flux in diverse pathways?

    abstract::Glucose 6-phosphate is an intermediate of pathways of glucose utilization and production as well as a regulator of enzyme activity and gene expression. Studies on the latter functions are in part based on measurement of the glucose 6-phosphate content in a whole-cell extract. Several studies have suggested that there ...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/

    authors: Agius L,Centelles J,Cascante M

    更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00

  • Role of myristoylation in the intracellular targeting of neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) proteins.

    abstract::The control of the intracellular localization of NCS (neuronal calcium sensor) proteins is of importance for their ability to respond appropriately to differing calcium signals. We examine the localization of three NCS proteins: NCS-1, KChIP-1 (potassium-channel-interacting protein 1) and hippocalcin. Additionally, th...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/bst0310963

    authors: O'Callaghan DW,Burgoyne RD

    更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00

  • Model-based evolutionary analysis: the natural history of phage-shock stress response.

    abstract::The evolution of proteins is inseparably linked to their function. Because most biological processes involve a number of different proteins, it may become impossible to study the evolutionary properties of proteins in isolation. In the present article, we show how simple mechanistic models of biological processes can ...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST0370762

    authors: Huvet M,Toni T,Tan H,Jovanovic G,Engl C,Buck M,Stumpf MP

    更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00

  • Studying biomolecular complexes with pulsed electron-electron double resonance spectroscopy.

    abstract::The function of biomolecules is intrinsically linked to their structure and the complexes they form during function. Techniques for the determination of structures and dynamics of these nanometre assemblies are therefore important for an understanding on the molecular level. PELDOR (pulsed electron-electron double res...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST0390128

    authors: Reginsson GW,Schiemann O

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanisms of hormone-induced desensitization of adenylate cyclase.

    abstract::Luteinizing hormone (LH) interacts with its plasma membrane receptor to activate the formation of cyclic AMP via the regulatory GTP binding protein (Gs). This is followed by a desensitization of that same hormonal response which is caused by an uncoupling of the LH receptor from Gs. The coupling between Gs and the ade...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/bst0170633

    authors: Cooke BA,Platts EA,Abayasekera DR,Rose MP

    更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00

  • Immunostimulatory activity of Toll-like receptor 8 agonists towards human leucocytes: basic mechanisms and translational opportunities.

    abstract::TLR8 (Toll-like receptor 8) is activated by ssRNAs (single-stranded RNAs) and synthetic imidazoquinoline compounds that resemble purines and have immunostimulatory activity. TLR8 agonists are particularly effective at inducing Th1-polarizing responses from human monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells, with the magnitud...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST0351485

    authors: Philbin VJ,Levy O

    更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00

  • Cellular consequences of inositol depletion.

    abstract::The inositol-depletion hypothesis was suggested to explain the therapeutic mechanism of mood-stabilizing drugs. Focus was previously on the phosphatidylinositol signalling pathway and on the regulatory roles of Ins(3,4,5)P(3) and DAG (diacylglycerol). Recent findings indicate that inositol and inositol-containing mole...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST0371099

    authors: Deranieh RM,Greenberg ML

    更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • Covalent cofactor attachment to proteins: cytochrome c biogenesis.

    abstract::Haem (Fe-protoporphyrin IX) is a cofactor found in a wide variety of proteins. It confers diverse functions, including electron transfer, the binding and sensing of gases, and many types of catalysis. The majority of cofactors are non-covalently attached to proteins. There are, however, some proteins in which the cofa...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST0330792

    authors: Stevens JM,Uchida T,Daltrop O,Ferguson SJ

    更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00

  • Modelling the peroxisomal carbon leak during lipid mobilization in Arabidopsis.

    abstract::Mutation of the ACN1 (acetate non-utilizing 1) locus of Arabidopsis results in altered acetate assimilation into gluconeogenic sugars and anapleurotic amino acids and leads to an overall depression in primary metabolite levels by approx. 50% during seedling development. Levels of acetyl-CoA were higher in acn1 compare...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST0381230

    authors: Hooks MA,Allen E,Wattis JA

    更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00

  • Colicin M, a peptidoglycan lipid-II-degrading enzyme: potential use for antibacterial means?

    abstract::Colicins are proteins produced by some strains of Escherichia coli to kill competitors belonging to the same species. Among them, ColM (colicin M) is the only one that blocks the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, a specific bacterial cell-wall polymer essential for cell integrity. ColM acts in the periplasm by hydrolysin...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST20120189

    authors: Touzé T,Barreteau H,El Ghachi M,Bouhss A,Barnéoud-Arnoulet A,Patin D,Sacco E,Blanot D,Arthur M,Duché D,Lloubès R,Mengin-Lecreulx D

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • Regulation of large conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channels by S-palmitoylation.

    abstract::BK (large conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium) channels are important determinants of physiological control in the nervous, endocrine and vascular systems with channel dysfunction associated with major disorders ranging from epilepsy to hypertension and obesity. Thus the mechanisms that control channe...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST20120226

    authors: Shipston MJ

    更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00

  • Negative feedback in NO/cGMP signalling.

    abstract::Most of the effects of the signalling molecule nitric oxide (NO) are mediated by the stimulation of the NO-sensitive GC (guanylate cyclase) and the subsequent increase in cGMP formation. The enzyme contains a prosthetic haem group, which mediates NO stimulation. In addition to the physiological activator NO, NO-sensit...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST20051119

    authors: Koesling D,Mullershausen F,Lange A,Friebe A,Mergia E,Wagner C,Russwurm M

    更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00

  • Modulation of signal-transduction pathways by chemopreventive agents.

    abstract::For a disease such as cancer, where a number of alterations to normal cell function accumulate over time, there are several opportunities to inhibit, slow down or even reverse the process. Many of the changes which drive the disease process occur in cell-signalling pathways that regulate proliferation and apoptosis. A...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/bst0280007

    authors: Manson MM,Holloway KA,Howells LM,Hudson EA,Plummer SM,Squires MS,Prigent SA

    更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00

  • Exploring the function of the JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) signalling pathway in physiological and pathological processes to design novel therapeutic strategies.

    abstract::JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) is a member of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) family that regulates a range of biological processes implicated in tumorigenesis and neurodegenerative disorders. For example, genetic studies have demonstrated that the removal of specific Jnk genes can reduce neuronal death ass...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST20110641

    authors: Davies C,Tournier C

    更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00

  • The third extracellular loop of G-protein-coupled receptors: more than just a linker between two important transmembrane helices.

    abstract::GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) are a large family of structurally related proteins, which mediate their effects by coupling with G-proteins. Despite responding to a range of very diverse stimuli, these receptors exhibit a conserved tertiary structure comprising a bundle of seven TM (transmembrane) helices linked ...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST0321048

    authors: Lawson Z,Wheatley M

    更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00

  • Role of p90(RSK) in regulating the Crabtree effect: implications for cancer.

    abstract::High glucose inhibits mitochondrial respiration, known as the 'Crabtree effect', in cancer cells and possibly other cell types. The upstream pathways regulating this phenomenon are poorly understood. In diabetes, where glucose levels are elevated, the p90(RSK) (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase) has received much attention as a...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST20120277

    authors: Redman EK,Brookes PS,Karcz MK

    更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00

  • New functions of the MHC class I-related Fc receptor, FcRn.

    abstract::FcRn was originally identified as the receptor responsible for IgG binding to the intestinal epithelium of neonatal rats and mice. FcRn transports IgG from milk across the intestinal epithelial cells of the suckling animal. Subsequently, FcRn was detected in tissues involved in the transmission of IgG from mother to f...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/bst0250481

    authors: Simister NE,Jacobowitz Israel E,Ahouse JC,Story CM

    更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00

  • The contribution of neurotrophins to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma.

    abstract::The neurotrophins nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, NT-3 (neurotrophin 3) and NT-4 are known for regulating neuron development, function and survival. Beyond this, neurotrophins were found to exert multiple effects on non-neuronal cells such as immune cells, smooth muscle and epithelial cells. In...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST0340594

    authors: Rochlitzer S,Nassenstein C,Braun A

    更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00

  • The effect of carbohydrates on the greening of plant cultures.

    abstract::Sugars that are readily respired by plant cells inhibit greening when dO2 and mu are relatively high. As sugar concentration in the batch culture medium is depleted and mu declines, greening is permitted. The mechanism of this effect has not been satisfactorily explained. ...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/bst0080475

    authors: Dalton C

    更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00

  • An additional glucose dehydrogenase from Sulfolobus solfataricus: fine-tuning of sugar degradation?

    abstract::Within the SulfoSYS (Sulfolobus Systems Biology) project, the effect of temperature on a metabolic network is investigated at the systems level. Sulfolobus solfataricus utilizes an unusual branched ED (Entner-Doudoroff) pathway for sugar degradation that is promiscuous for glucose and galactose. In the course of metab...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST0390077

    authors: Haferkamp P,Kutschki S,Treichel J,Hemeda H,Sewczyk K,Hoffmann D,Zaparty M,Siebers B

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Latherin and other biocompatible surfactant proteins.

    abstract::Horses and other equids are unusual in producing protein-rich sweat for thermoregulation, a major component of which is latherin, a highly surface-active, non-glycosylated protein that is a member of the PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone) family. Latherin produces a significant reduction in water surface ...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1042/BST0391017

    authors: Kennedy MW

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Computational studies of Family A and Family B GPCRs.

    abstract::A full picture of the similarities between Family A and Family B GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors) has been frustrated by the lack of clear homology between the respective sequences. Here, we review previous computational studies on GPCR dimerization in which the putative dimerization interfaces have been analysed u...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST0350749

    authors: Vohra S,Chintapalli SV,Illingworth CJ,Reeves PJ,Mullineaux PM,Clark HS,Dean MK,Upton GJ,Reynolds CA

    更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00

  • The role of Trim25 in development, disease and RNA metabolism.

    abstract::Trim25 is a member of the tripartite motif family of E3 ubiquitin ligases. It plays major roles in innate immunity and defence against viral infection, control of cell proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Recent work identified Trim25 as being able to bind to RNA and to regulate Lin28a-mediated uridylation of ...

    journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1042/BST20160077

    authors: Heikel G,Choudhury NR,Michlewski G

    更新日期:2016-08-15 00:00:00