Nucleic acid transport through carbon nanotube membranes.

abstract：:Angiosperms are the largest and most successful clade of land plants with >250,000 species distributed in nearly every terrestrial habitat. Many phylogenetic studies have been based on DNA sequences of one to several genes, but, despite decades of intensive efforts, relationships among early diverging lineages and sev...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jansen RK,Cai Z,Raubeson LA,Daniell H,Depamphilis CW,Leebens-Mack J,Müller KF,Guisinger-Bellian M,Haberle RC,Hansen AK,Chumley TW,Lee SB,Peery R,McNeal JR,Kuehl JV,Boore JL

更新日期：2007-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:CCR5 (R5)-tropic, but not CXCR4 (X4)-tropic, HIV-1 is associated with primary HIV-1 infection and transmission. Recent studies have shown that IFN-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins, including IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3, restrict a broad range of viruses. Here, we demonstrate that an IFITM2 isoform (Δ20 IFITM2) la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu WL,Grotefend CR,Tsai MT,Wang YL,Radic V,Eoh H,Huang IC

更新日期：2017-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A human metallothionein (MT) gene was inserted into a bovine papillomavirus (BPV) vector. The chimeric vector (pMTII-BPV) transforms rodent fibroblasts to a cadmium-resistant phenotype. The resistance is due to the high level of expression of human MT-II in those cells. The vector is maintained in the cells as a free ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Karin M,Cathala G,Nguyen-Huu MC

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The c-myc oncogene has been implicated in a wide spectrum of B-cell neoplasias. In normal cells, the level of expression of the c-myc gene correlates with growth status. In the present study, we examined the effect of receptor-mediated inhibition of growth on c-myc expression in a B-cell lymphoma. The murine lymphoma ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McCormack JE,Pepe VH,Kent RB,Dean M,Marshak-Rothstein A,Sonenshein GE

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanical failure of soft tissues is characteristic of life-threatening diseases, including capillary stress failure, pulmonary emphysema, and vessel wall aneurysms. Failure occurs when mechanical forces are sufficiently high to rupture the enzymatically weakened extracellular matrix (ECM). Elastin, an important stru...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ritter MC,Jesudason R,Majumdar A,Stamenovic D,Buczek-Thomas JA,Stone PJ,Nugent MA,Suki B

更新日期：2009-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Because previous studies showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids can reduce the contraction rate of spontaneously beating heart cells and have antiarrhythmic effects, we examined the effects of the fatty acids on the electrophysiology of the cardiac cycle in isolated neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Exposure of cardiomy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kang JX,Xiao YF,Leaf A

更新日期：1995-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a physical and molecular genetic characterization of Drosophila melanogaster TFIIE (dTFIIE), a component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription apparatus. We have purified dTFIIE to near homogeneity from nuclear extracts of Drosophila embryos and found that it is composed of two subunits with apparent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang X,Hansen SK,Ratts R,Zhou S,Snook AJ,Zehring W

更新日期：1997-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The class II transactivator (CIITA) is the master integrator of expression of MHC class II genes. It interacts with variety of basal transcription factors to initiate and elongate transcription of these genes. Among others, it recruits positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to MHC class II promoters. In c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kohoutek J,Blazek D,Peterlin BM

更新日期：2006-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor hypoxia reduces the effectiveness of radiation therapy by limiting the biologically effective dose. An acute increase in tumor oxygenation before radiation treatment should therefore significantly improve the tumor cell kill after radiation. Efforts to increase oxygen delivery to the tumor have not shown positiv...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benej M,Hong X,Vibhute S,Scott S,Wu J,Graves E,Le QT,Koong AC,Giaccia AJ,Yu B,Chen CS,Papandreou I,Denko NC

更新日期：2018-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila is a syndrome of gonadal atrophy, sterility, and male recombination, and it occurs in the progeny of crosses between males that harbor certain transposable elements (TEs) and females that lack them. Known examples of hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster result from mobilization ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blumenstiel JP,Hartl DL

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Incorporation experiments with labeled sirohydrochlorin and trimethylisobacteriochlorin demonstrate that ring contraction in vivo to the corrin macrocycle of vitamin B12 liberates acetic acid. The C-20 atom of the precursors becomes the acetate carboxyl carbon. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Battersby AR,Bushell MJ,Jones C,Lewis NG,Pfenninger A

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated a cold-sensitive mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in which there is a deficit of 60S ribosomal subunits. Cold sensitivity and the assembly defect are recessive and cosegregate, defining a single essential gene that we designated DRS1 (deficiency of ribosomal subunits). The wild-type DRS1 gene was cl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ripmaster TL,Vaughn GP,Woolford JL Jr

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SLAM (signaling lymphocyte activation molecule)-associated protein (SAP) is a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing adaptor expressed in T cells and natural killer cells. Its essential role in immune responses is underscored by the recent finding that mutations in SAP result in a rare but fatal X-linked lymphoprolife...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gu C,Tangye SG,Sun X,Luo Y,Lin Z,Wu J

更新日期：2006-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The nerve growth factor protein was purified over 100-fold from adult mouse salivary glands. The first step was a gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 at pH 7.5 of the aqueous gland extract. After gel filtration, most of the NGF activity was eluted in the 80,000-90,000-molecular-weight region (G-100 pool). The G-100 pool ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bocchini V,Angeletti PU

更新日期：1969-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytoplasm and biomembranes in biological cells contain large numbers of proteins that cyclically change their shapes. They are molecular machines that can function as molecular motors or carry out various other tasks in the cell. Many enzymes also undergo conformational changes within their turnover cycles. We ana...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mikhailov AS,Kapral R

更新日期：2015-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Retrotransposons and retroviruses integrate nonrandomly into eukaryotic genomes. For the yeast retrotransposon Ty5, integration preferentially occurs within domains of heterochromatin. Targeting to these locations is determined by interactions between an amino acid sequence motif at the C terminus of Ty5 integrase (IN...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu Y,Dai J,Fuerst PG,Voytas DF

更新日期：2003-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Zea mays L. ssp. mays, or corn, one of the most important crops and a model for plant genetics, has a genome approximately 80% the size of the human genome. To gain global insight into the organization of its genome, we have sequenced the ends of large insert clones, yielding a cumulative length of one-eighth of the g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Messing J,Bharti AK,Karlowski WM,Gundlach H,Kim HR,Yu Y,Wei F,Fuks G,Soderlund CA,Mayer KF,Wing RA

更新日期：2004-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Reduced intake of nutrients [calorie restriction (CR)] extends longevity in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. Mutations affecting somatotropic, insulin, or homologous signaling pathways can increase life span in worms, flies, and mice, and there is considerable evidence that reduced secretion of insulin-like gr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonkowski MS,Rocha JS,Masternak MM,Al Regaiey KA,Bartke A

更新日期：2006-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The genome of a thermophilic fungus, Thermomyces lanuginosus, contains a tandemly arranged cluster of sequences that are approximately equal to 50% homologous with the cytoplasmic 5S RNA and that are selectable by hybridization techniques. Unlike typical pseudogenes, these sequences are not truncated; rather, they bea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wong WM,Abrahamson JL,Nazar RN

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rad51 is the primary eukaryotic recombinase responsible for initiating DNA strand exchange during homologous recombination. Although the subject of intense study for over a decade, many molecular details of the reactions promoted by Rad51 and related recombinases remain unknown. Using total internal reflection fluores...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Granéli A,Yeykal CC,Robertson RB,Greene EC

更新日期：2006-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Sr-bearing marine barite [(Ba x , Sr1-x )SO4] cycling has been widely used to reconstruct geochemical evolutions of paleoenvironments. However, an understanding of barite precipitation in the ocean, which is globally undersaturated with respect to barite, is missing. Moreo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Deng N,Stack AG,Weber J,Cao B,De Yoreo JJ,Hu Y

更新日期：2019-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of transformation by Rous sarcoma virus on the neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM was assessed by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence staining, and an in vitro cell-cell aggregation assay using highly specific antibodies to the adhesion molecule. Expression of N-CAM was found to be temperature dependent in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Greenberg ME,Brackenbury R,Edelman GM

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogenetic comparison of rRNA sequences has suggested that a pseudoknot structure exists in the central domain of small-subunit rRNA. In Escherichia coli 16S rRNA, this pseudoknot would form when positions 570 and 571 pair with positions 865 and 866. Mutations were introduced into this pseudoknot at the phylogenetic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vila A,Viril-Farley J,Tapprich WE

更新日期：1994-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans assess the credibility of information gained from others on a daily basis; this ongoing assessment is especially crucial for avoiding exploitation by others. We used a repeated, two-person bargaining game and a cognitive hierarchy model to test how subjects judge the information sent asymmetrically from one pla...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhatt MA,Lohrenz T,Camerer CF,Montague PR

更新日期：2012-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The virions of vesicular stomatitis virus contain an enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of ribonucleotides into RNA. The product of the reaction is mainly RNA complementary in base sequence to that of vesicular stomatitis virus RNA. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baltimore D,Huang AS,Stampfer M

更新日期：1970-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A central event in the eukaryotic cell cycle is the decision to commence DNA replication (S phase). Strict controls normally operate to prevent repeated rounds of DNA replication without intervening mitoses ("endoreplication") or initiation of mitosis before DNA is fully replicated ("mitotic catastrophe"). Some of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Novak B,Tyson JJ

更新日期：1997-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:China has experienced rapid urbanization and dramatic economic growth since its reform process started in late 1978. In this article, we present evidence for a significant urbanization effect on climate based on analysis of impacts of land-use changes on surface temperature in southeast China, where rapid urbanization...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou L,Dickinson RE,Tian Y,Fang J,Li Q,Kaufmann RK,Tucker CJ,Myneni RB

更新日期：2004-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular beacons are DNA probes that form a stem-and-loop structure and possess an internally quenched fluorophore. When they bind to complementary nucleic acids, they undergo a conformational transition that switches on their fluorescence. These probes recognize their targets with higher specificity than probes that...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonnet G,Tyagi S,Libchaber A,Kramer FR

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A 320-base-pair repeated sequence was observed when DNA samples from the filarial parasites Brugia malayi and Brugia pahangi were digested with the restriction endonuclease Hha I. A 640-base-pair dimer of the repeated sequence from B. malayi was inserted into the plasmid pBR322. When dot hybridization was used, the co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McReynolds LA,DeSimone SM,Williams SA

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe an algorithm to compute trisections of orientable four-manifolds using arbitrary triangulations as input. This results in explicit complexity bounds for the trisection genus of a 4-manifold in terms of the number of pentachora (4-simplices) in a triangulation. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bell M,Hass J,Rubinstein JH,Tillmann S

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00