Abstract:
:The etiologic basis of Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, is unknown. Recent epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that exposure to environmental agents, including a number of agricultural chemicals, may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disorder. Animal models are important tools in experimental medical science for studying the pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention strategies of human diseases. Since many human disorders do not arise spontaneously in animals, characteristic functional changes have to be mimicked by neurotoxic agents. Recently, agricultural chemicals, when administrated systemically, have been shown to reproduce specific features of PD in rodents, thus opening new routes for the development of animal models for this disorder. In addition to a brief historical overview of the toxin-induced PD models, this study provides a detailed description of exiting models in which Parkinsonism is initiated via the exposure of animals to such agricultural chemicals as rotenone, paraquat, and maneb. Suggested neurotoxicity mechanisms of these chemicals are considered, and the major lessons learned from the analysis of pesticide-induced PD models are discussed.
journal_name
Cell Tissue Resjournal_title
Cell and tissue researchauthors
Uversky VNdoi
10.1007/s00441-004-0937-zkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-10-01 00:00:00pages
225-41issue
1eissn
0302-766Xissn
1432-0878journal_volume
318pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::By means of a preembedding immuno-electron-microscopic technique, a large number of nerve endings containing a substance related to human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF) have been demonstrated in the paraventricular nucleus of the guinea pig. They made synaptic contacts primarily with dendritic shafts: 80% of t...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01239984
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gelsolin-related protein was isolated from seminal vesicles of the annelid Lumbricus terrestris. Compared with the isoforms of the gelsolin-related protein previously found in the muscle of the annelid body wall, the isolated protein was assigned to the first isoform (EWAM-P1) because of its electrophoretic mobility...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
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abstract::Fueled by the discovery of head regeneration in triclads (planarians) two and a half centuries ago, flatworms have been the focus of regeneration research. But not all flatworms can regenerate equally well and to obtain a better picture of the characteristics and evolution of regeneration in flatworms other than plana...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
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doi:10.1007/s00441-020-03302-w
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abstract::Antisera to the neuropeptides corazonin (Crz) and crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) and to the diapause hormone (DH) react with small sets of neurones in the cephalic ganglia of the crickets Dianemobius nigrofasciatus and Allonemobius allardi. The distribution of their immunoreactivities is similar in the two spe...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-006-0339-5
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abstract::Previous light-microscopic and ultra-immunohistochemical tracer studies revealed the existence of an independent local immune response of the simian oral mucosa. This local response is attributed to the presence of minor salivary gland (MSG) duct-related lymphoid tissue. Semithin sections from a total of 263 Epon-embe...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00217578
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abstract::The fine structure of synapses, their distribution and arrangement in the ventral nerve cord of Peripatoides leuckarti (phylum Onychophora) is described. The asymmetric synaptic junctions show a well developed synaptic cleft (300 A) and pre- and subsynaptic electron dense apposition. They frequently show an array of p...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00224940
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journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00209211
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abstract::Dysfunction of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is one of the first effects of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with consequent blindness. Hence, patients affected by this retinal disorder could benefit from a cell-based transplantation strategy for RPE. Actually, an effective protocol to approach this...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-015-2185-9
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Light and electron microscopy of the hypothalamic ventricle in neonatal rats demonstrate morphological specializations of the ventricular wall at the level of the premammillary region of the third ventricle. The morphological features are: (1) A ventricular recess that we have called the "hypothalamic dorso-lateral re...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00214672
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of heat-shock protein 47 in intact and fibrotic liver and in hepatic constituent cells was investigated in mice. Immunohistochemical study of intact liver and Western blot analysis of the protein from isolated liver cells revealed that stellate cells and smooth muscle cells of interlobular vessels, but not ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004410050594
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00441-014-1812-1
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons displaying FMRFamide(Phe - Met - Arg - Phe - NH2)-like immunoreactivity have recently been implicated in neural plasticity in salmon. We now extend these findings by describing the extent of the FMRF-like immunoreactive (FMRF-IR) system in the brain, retina and olfactory system of sockeye salmon parr using the...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00313518
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A polyclonal antibody was raised against trypsin purified from the midgut of blood-fed Aedes aegypti. Using this antibody and our modification of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical reaction, strong activity was found in the lumen of the midgut at the light-microscopical level. The activity was localized ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00218082
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Placenta-derived stem cells (PDSCs) have gained interest as an alternative source of stem cells for regenerative medicine because of their potential for self-renewal and differentiation and their immunomodulatory properties. Although many studies have characterized various PDSCs biologically, the properties of the sel...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-011-1249-8
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ontogeny of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), serotonin (5-HT), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and calcitonin (CT) immunoreactivity was evaluated in small-granule endocrine cells of hamster laryngotracheal epithelium from fetal day 11 to adulthood. Two centrifugal (proximal-to-distal) patterns of differ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00305382
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the neurons regulating two separate functions of the pharyngeal retractor muscle (PRM), namely sustained contraction during body withdrawal and rhythmic phasic contractions during feeding, in the snail, Helix pomatia. The distribution of central neurons innervating the PRM is organized into two main units;...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-005-1144-2
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of the surface-connected canalicular system (SCCS) has been demonstrated in semithick sections of the frog thrombocytes by the use of a high voltage electron microscope. The SCCS of the thrombocytes in Rana catesbeiana and Rana nigromaculata consists of numerous canaliculi and vesicles with a diameter of...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237001
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) are proteins with diverse functions in development, repair, and metabolism. The human Fgf gene family with 22 members can be classified into three groups, canonical, intracellular, and hormone-like Fgf genes. In contrast to canonical and intracellular Fgfs identified in invertebrates a...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00441-010-1024-2
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some non-endocrine cells in the pituitary anterior lobe are responsible for providing stem/progenitor cells to maintain hormone-producing cells. In particular, cells expressing S100β protein, a calcium-binding protein, have been hypothesized to be a pituitary cell resource. Accumulating data have revealed that S100β-p...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-014-1890-0
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole pigs lenses were fixed, critical-point dried and fractured, and the internal surfaces examined with a scanning electron microscope. At various locations from the equator to the center of the lens four types of fibers can be distinguished. The superficial fibers have small interdigitations. Cortical lens fibers, ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00217281
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abstract::Retinal pigment epithelial cells from chicks at various stages of development were examined by transmission electron microscopy to determine how the adult form of the zonula adhaerens, composed of subunits termed zonula adhaerens complexes, is acquired. During early stages of development, between embryonic day 4 and e...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01740771
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-001-0503-x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vacuoles occurring in rat hepatocytes after intraportal injection of retinol (33 or 67 micrograms) were examined immunohistochemically using respective antibodies against rat albumin, human retinol-binding protein, human ceruloplasmin, human alpha 1-antitrypsin, human transferrin, and human prealbumin as represent...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::The localization of (Na+-K+) ATPase in the intact electrocyte of the electric organ of Electrophorus electricus (L.) and its subcellular fractions was investigated by biochemical and cytochemical methods. The distribution of AChE activity in the subcellular fractions was also comparatively analysed with this enzyme se...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00226673
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abstract::The otoliths of embryos and young animals of the lizard Podarcis s. sicula were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Two types of crystal that give different X-ray diffraction patterns were found in the membranous labyrinth of Podarcis. The crystals consist of calcite or aragonite and are eas...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00210342
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abstract::The enteric nervous system (ENS) controls gastrointestinal functions. In large mammals' intestine, it comprises an inner (ISP) and outer (OSP) submucous plexus and a myenteric plexus (MP). This study quantifies enteric neurons in the ISP, OSP, and MP of the pig ascending (AC) and descending colon (DC) using the HuC/D,...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-020-03286-7
更新日期:2020-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Testicular interstitial cells, from rats aged 35 days, were dispersed with collagenase and separated through Percoll into 5 fractions (I-V); fraction I being the least dense. Measurement of basal testosterone production, histo-enzymological staining for 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and electron microsc...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00222304
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abstract::Four forms of short neuropeptide F (sNPF1-4), derived from the gene snpf, have been identified in Drosophila and are known to act on a single G-protein-coupled receptor (sNPFR). Several functions have been suggested for sNPFs in Drosophila, including the regulation of feeding and growth in larvae, the control of insul...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-013-1660-4
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the pharmacological properties and distribution of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-sensitive calcium stores vary considerably among tissues, studies of its localization have been devoted mostly to the central nervous system. In this report we have analyzed the localization of IP3 receptors in diverse non-n...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004410050641
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research in mammals has established the existence of a neuronal network that lies within the hypothalamus and that regulates energy homeostasis. However, it is unknown whether this system has been evolutionarily conserved. The objective of the present study was therefore to examine the influence of the agouti-related ...
journal_title:Cell and tissue research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00441-003-0755-8
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00