Abstract：
:Nine participants performed a reciprocal precision aiming task under different experimental conditions. Due to the anisotropy of the work space, varying the direction of motion (from 0 degrees to 315 degrees in steps of 45 degrees ) allowed exploration of the effects of biomechanical constraints that were found to affect the duration of movement but not the shape of the kinematic pattern. Varying the size of the targets to be attained (W: 2.5, 1.25, and 0.625 cm, for a constant intertarget distance of 10 cm) and the nature (linear or non-linear) of the mapping between effector space (motion of a handheld stylus on a graphics tablet) and task space (motion of a pointer between targets on a computer screen) also led to changes in movement duration. However, the latter type of constraint gave rise to systematic changes in the pattern of movement, with progressively more difficult tasks being characterized by progressively less harmonic motion patterns. We conclude that in contrast to (biomechanical) constraints at the level of the effector, (informational) constraints at the level of the task affect the processes underlying movement organization. For the range of values studied, the effects of these two types of constraint can be considered to be independent.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Fernandez L,Bootsma RJdoi
10.1007/s00221-004-1964-4keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
458-66issue
4eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
159pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:Excitation of dorsal neck motoneurones evoked by electrical stimulation of primary trigeminal afferents in the Gasserian ganglion has been investigated with intracellular recording from alpha-motoneurones in the cat. Single stimulation in the Gasserian ganglion ipsi- and contralateral to the recording side evoked exci...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227964
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of the present investigation was to determine the time-course by which the motor system might resolve the context-dependent effects of a visual illusion [i.e., the Müller-Lyer (ML) figure]. Specifically, we asked participants to scale their grip aperture (GA) to the perceived size of an object embedded within...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-004-1988-9
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decision times involved in selecting visual targets with saccadic eye movements in rhesus monkeys were studied for three tasks in which single targets, paired targets with varied asynchronies, and multiple targets requiring a discrimination were presented. Probability of target choice in the paired-target task was str...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1653-8
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to assess the effects of [K+]o on the passive membrane properties of neostriatal neurons, the cable properties of these cells were determined at two extracellular potassium concentrations (6.25 and 3.0 mM). The effect of tetraethylammonium (TEA) on cable properties was also studied at 6.25 [K+]o. At 6.25 mM [...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00250260
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence suggests that Parkinson's disease (PD) patients produce large spatial errors when reaching to proprioceptively defined targets. Here, we examined whether these movement inaccuracies result mainly from impaired use of proprioceptive inputs for movement planning mechanisms or from on-line movement guidance. Med...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4343-4
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An experiment using reciprocal arm and wrist aiming movements with an amplitude of 16(o) and target width of .5° (ID = 6) was conducted to determine the impact of adding external loads. We predicted that wrist and arm performance may be differentially impacted by the added mass. Participants were asked to flex/extend ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3303-5
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular focal synaptic potentials (FSPs) were recorded in forelimb segments of cats in the region where corticospinal volleys (pyramidal stimulation) gave a maximal FSP. No FSP was recorded in this region on stimulation of the medial part of the lateral reticular nucleus (LRN), provided that ventral spinal pathw...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235897
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An economical method of computing the source densities underlying human scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) is used to investigate the topography of "evaluation potentials" elicited when a subject assess the outcome of a goal-directed activity. No sign of a generative focus was observed in frontal locations...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235821
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the effects of mental set on predictive capabilities using a saccade square-wave tracking paradigm with ten normal subjects, comparing three amplitudes (10, 20, and 40 degrees ) and five inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) (400, 500, 625, 1000, and 2000 ms). Subjects were instructed simply to "follow ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-2317-7
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The retinal projections of the "non-image forming" system to the hypothalamus, anterodorsal thalamus and basal telencephalon were visualized in adult mink using the anterograde transport of cholera toxin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase injected intraocularly. A major and nearly symmetrical bilateral input of labe...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228253
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The developing lateral geniculate complex was excised from fetal albino rats at 18 days of gestation and implanted into the occipital cortex of host animals at 5 days of postnatal age. Groups of host animals were sacrificed at 10, 20 and 30 days following this procedure. The transplant tissue of selected animals was s...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235864
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The latencies of visually-evoked responses from X- and Y-type neurons of the cat's dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus were measured in a manner that takes account of the inherent variability of discharge in these cells. Latencies measured in this way vary from trial to trial in one cell (and also between cells) by tens...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235998
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of arm weight support (WS) to optimize movement quality may be an avenue for improved upper limb stroke rehabilitation; however, the underlying neurophysiological effects of WS are not well understood. Rehabilitation exercises may be performed when sitting or standing, but the interaction of posture with WS ha...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4775-5
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intermodal attention (IA) is assumed to allocate limited neural processing resources to input from one specific sensory modality. We investigated effects of sustained IA on the amplitude of a 40-Hz auditory (ASSR) and a 4.3-Hz visual steady-state response (VSSR). To this end, we concurrently presented amplitude-modula...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2667-2
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that visually guided reaching movements performed in the lower visual field (LVF) of peripersonal space are more effective and efficient than their upper visual field (UVF) counterparts (Danckert and Goodale 2001). In the present investigation we sought to determine whether this purported visual f...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0386-x
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied intermanual motor transfer for right-to-left or left-to-right direction of transfer between either proximal or distal upper extremity muscle groups. The influence of previously acquired motor engrams (original learning, OL) on learning efficiency of the contralateral side (transfer learning, TL) was examine...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228105
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Morphometric changes have been studied at the mouse neuromuscular junction (NMJ) as a function of the frequency of stimulation. In vivo stimulation was made at either 10, 25, 50 or 100 Hz. No significant change in the area of NMJ profiles is observed after stimulation. This indicates that stimulation does not change t...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237590
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared and contrasted the manifestation of neuropathic pain behaviors in several strains of rats. These included ACI, Brown-Norway, Fischer 344, Lewis, Long-Evans, Sprague-Dawley, and Wistar-Furth, all obtained from Harlan Sprague-Dawley Inc. Comparison was also made between two substrains of Sprague-Dawl...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050886
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The European Resuscitation Guidelines recommend that survivors of cardiac arrest (CA) be resuscitated with 100% O2 and undergo subsequent-post-return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)-reduction of O2 supply to prevent hyperoxia. Hyperoxia produces a "second neurotoxic hit," which, together with the initial ischemic in...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-020-05746-6
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated how neurons in the different motor areas of the frontal lobe reflect the movement dynamics, and how their neuronal activity undergoes plastic changes when monkeys adapt to perturbing forces (they learn new dynamics). Here we describe the results obtained in the dorsal premotor area (PMd) and ventral pr...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-0074-2
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present review examines the experimental evidence supporting the existence of central mechanisms able to modulate the synaptic effectiveness of sensory fibers ending in the spinal cord of vertebrates. The first section covers work on the mode of operation and the synaptic mechanisms of presynaptic inhibition, in p...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s002210050933
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has recently been shown that spatially uninformative sounds can cause a visual stimulus to pop out from an array of similar distractor stimuli when that sound is presented in temporal proximity to a feature change in the visual stimulus. Until now, this effect has predominantly been demonstrated by using stationary...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2797-6
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent morphological observations have suggested neurotransmitter specific degeneration of amongst others, the serotonergic system in the aged rat brain. However, morphological studies can only give a static picture of the events that take place over a period of several months. In the present study we used an experime...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230689
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has recently been suggested that time perception and motor timing are influenced by the presence of biological movements and animacy in the visual scene. Here, we investigated the interactions among timing, speed and animacy in two experiments. In Experiment 1, observers had to press a button in synchrony with the ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3338-7
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humans use a specific steering synergy, where the eyes and head lead rotation to the new direction, when executing a turn or change in direction. Increasing evidence suggests that eye movement is critical for turning control and that when the eyes are constrained, or participants have difficulties making eye movements...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-013-3466-8
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six cats were reared with surgically produced squint or atropinisation of one eye during the sensitive period of development. Five cats were reared without an ocular interference but in the same environment as the experimental cats. Four of these normally reared cats provided control data for perikaryal size. When the...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235784
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effect of the smoothness of motion on vection strength. The smoothness of stimulus motion was modulated by varying the number of frames comprising the movement. In this study, a horizontal grating translated through 360° of phase in 1 s divided into steps of 3, 4, 6, 12, 20, 30, or 60 frames. We hypoth...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-017-5122-1
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eye and head rotations are normally correlated with changes in walking direction; however, it is unknown whether they play a causal role in the control of steering. The objective of the present study was to answer two questions about the role of head rotations in steering control when walking to a goal. First, are hea...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3077-9
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to test the principle of motor abundance, which has been hypothesized as the principle by which the central nervous system controls the excessive degrees of freedom of the human movements, in contrast to the traditional negative view of motor redundancy. This study investigated the change...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-010-2486-x
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This longitudinal study, extending over 12 months, assessed the behavioural and biochemical effects of hippocampal sympathetic ingrowth (HSI) into the partially denervated hippocampus. Male Long-Evans rats received fimbria-fornix lesions (FIFO) or sham operations at 90 days of age. At the same time half of the rats fr...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230648
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
