Applications of diffusion/perfusion magnetic resonance imaging in experimental and clinical aspects of stroke.

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review specifically summarises and reports terrestrial mammals of the gerbil subfamily, known as Israeli sand rats or Psammomys obesus (P. obesus) as a diet-controlled, unique, polygenic rodent model for research in the areas of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The animal mo...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Chaudhary R,Walder KR,Hagemeyer CE,Kanwar JR

更新日期：2018-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Exaggerated postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This metabolic abnormality is principally due to overproduction and/or decreased catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and is a consequence of pathogenic genetic variations and other coexistent medical conditions, ...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Chan DC,Pang J,Romic G,Watts GF

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant etiologic cause of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) that leads to disabling deficits as well as significant morbidity and mortality in this population. Approximately 25 % of AIS is considered to be cryptogenic with no etiology ascertained at the time of the index event. Recent adva...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Sangha RS,Bernstein R

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequently associated with obesity and overweight. It has a broad spectrum of clinical and histological presentations, such as steatosis, inflammation (known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. There is increasing evidence th...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Caravatto PP,Cohen R

更新日期：2017-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Aggressive lipid lowering was initially controversial due to evidence from epidemiologic studies that implied an increase in total mortality with low cholesterol levels combined with equivocal results from early trials utilizing bile acid resins or fibric acid derivatives. The advent of statin therapy allowed signific...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Todd J,Farmer JA

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review addresses normal and pathologic functions of serum amyloid A (SAA), an enigmatic biomarker of inflammation and protein precursor of AA amyloidosis, a life-threatening complication of chronic inflammation. SAA is a small, highly evolutionarily conserved acute-phase protein whose plasma leve...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Gursky O

更新日期：2020-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherosclerosis remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Atherothrombotic complications, including vascular occlusions and severe narrowing of nutrient blood vessels in the cerebral, coronary, or peripheral circulation, usually require invasive revascularization strategies. As molecular...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Janssens SP

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and a risk factor for both cardiovascular and hepatic related morbidity and mortality. The increasing prevalence of this disease requires novel therapeutic approaches to prevent disease progression. Farnesoid X receptors a...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Carr RM,Reid AE

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We will review the available data on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of microvascular coronary dysfunction (MCD). RECENT FINDINGS:The study of MCD was pioneered by the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) cohort. New techniques in the diagnosis of this condition, u...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Naderi S

更新日期：2018-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This review concerns the clinical impact of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis for patients with refractory hypercholesterolemia. We examine and provide examples of investigations that have demonstrated the clinical benefits of LDL apheresis. In addition to benefits derived from the stabilization or regression of...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Moriarty PM,Gibson CA

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most clinical trials on antioxidants using vitamin E or beta-carotene have failed to note any significant change in cardiovascular endpoints. The results of these studies have been interpreted as a setback for the oxidation hypothesis. An analysis of the hypothesis and the trials, however, points out major misconcepti...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Parthasarathy S,Khan-Merchant N,Penumetcha M,Khan BV,Santanam N

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injury of arterial endothelium by abnormal shear stress and other insults induces migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which in turn leads to intimal thickening, hypoxia, and vasa vasorum angiogenesis. The resultant new blood vessels extend from the tunica media into the outer intima, a...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Fong GH

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide range of structurally unrelated antioxidants inhibit atherosclerosis in animal models of hypercholesterolemia, implicating oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, most prospective, randomized trials of one proposed antioxidant, vitamin E, have failed to demons...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Heinecke JW

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease which may result in a higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and stroke. Tissue characterization and risk stratification of patients with rheumatoid arthritis are a challenging problem. Risk stratification of RA patients using tradition...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Khanna NN,Jamthikar AD,Gupta D,Piga M,Saba L,Carcassi C,Giannopoulos AA,Nicolaides A,Laird JR,Suri HS,Mavrogeni S,Protogerou AD,Sfikakis P,Kitas GD,Suri JS

更新日期：2019-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The thiazolidinediones, acting through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor chi (PPARchi), affect multiple areas of metabolism. Of increasing importance is the recognition that these agents affect lipoprotein metabolism and cause changes in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels. All three thiazolidinediones, includ...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Goldberg RB

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dyslipidemia is central to the process of atherosclerosis. Modification of the lipid profile by diet, exercise, or pharmacologic therapy has been demonstrated to reduce the risk from atherosclerosis in clinical studies in primary and secondary prevention. Nicotinic acid has been in clinical use for over 50 years. The ...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Farmer JA

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common problem in the United States, with estimates that 30 million men suffer with some degree of ED. Although causes include psychogenic, organic, and mixed forms, in middle-aged and older men one of the most common causes is vascular disease. Endothelial dysfunction, even without defi...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Kloner RA,Speakman M

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the dawn of civilization, carbohydrate has comprised the largest source of energy in the diet for most populations. The source of the carbohydrate has been from plants in the form of complex carbohydrate high in fiber. Only in affluent cultures has sugar contributed so much of the total energy. When carbohydrate...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Connor WE,Duell PB,Connor SL

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent randomized trials of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women are not consistent with the decrease in cardiovascular risk seen in observational studies of hormone therapy users compared with nonusers. Emerging evidence indicates that HRT use in some women with established coronary heart disease...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Duvernoy CS,Mosca L

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eicosanoids, including epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, and other oxylipins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids, have emerging roles in endothelial inflammation and subsequent atherosclerosis. Unlike eicosanoids in the prostanoid series, they are known to be esterified in cell lipids such...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Shearer GC,Newman JW

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preliminary evidence demonstrating that adding 0.5 mg of colchicine per day to statin and antiplatelet therapy reduced the risk of acute coronary events in patients with stable coronary artery disease has raised the hope that it may prove effective for the long-term secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The ...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Nidorf SM,Eikelboom JW,Thompson PL

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcification of atherosclerotic lesions was long thought to be an age - related, passive process, but increasingly data has revealed that atherosclerotic calcification is a more active process, involving complex signaling pathways and bone-like genetic programs. Initially, imaging of atherosclerotic calcification was...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Bailey G,Meadows J,Morrison AR

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Angioplasty and stenting for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) are a last resort for patients with high-grade intracranial stenosis with multiple ischemic events unresponsive to medical therapy. Medical management, consisting of aggressive risk factor control and dual antiplatelet therapy, is superior to an...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Chatterjee AR,Derdeyn CP

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The use of recreational drugs has increased globally, with the most commonly used recreational drug being cannabis. As of 2019, 10 states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis for recreational use, with more states potentially joining this movement. With the increased legalization of ca...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Ghosh M,Naderi S

更新日期：2019-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Raised plasma triglyceride (TG) levels are an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), and thus understanding the genetic and environmental determinants of TG levels are of major importance. TG metabolism is a process for delivering free fatty acids for energy storage or b-oxidation, and involves a n...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Talmud PJ

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in humans. One of its important features is the tendency to become more persistent over time, even in the absence of underlying progressive heart disease. Conversion and maintenance of sinus rhythm by pharmacological or electrical methods become increasing...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Piña PG,Chicos AB

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Acute stroke is a treatable disease. Nevertheless, only a minority of patients obtain guideline-adjusted therapy. One major reason is the small time window in which therapies have to be administered in order to reverse or mitigate brain injury and prevent disability. The Mobile Stroke Unit (MSU) conce...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Walter S,Grunwald IQ,Helwig SA,Ragoschke-Schumm A,Kettner M,Fousse M,Lesmeister M,Fassbender K

更新日期：2018-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a common but asymptomatic disease that has high susceptibility to rupture. Current therapeutic options are limited to surgical procedures because no pharmacological approaches have been proven to decrease either expansion or rupture of human AAAs. The current dearth of effective m...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Lu H,Rateri DL,Bruemmer D,Cassis LA,Daugherty A

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed, tested, and successfully implemented an affordable, evidence-based, comprehensive cardiovascular disease risk-reduction program for use in primary and secondary prevention settings. The program is administered at hospitals, physician practices, cardiac rehabilitation programs, work sites, shopping m...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Gordon NF,Salmon RD,Mitchell BS,Faircloth GC,Levinrad LI,Salmon S,Saxon WE,Reid KS

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Demonstration of a direct relationship between plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration and atherosclerosis has proven difficult due to confounding variables that accompany elevated plasma TG, such as other dyslipidemias, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. However, human genetic studies have provided evidence suggesting a ca...

journal_title：Current atherosclerosis reports

authors： Johansen CT,Hegele RA

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00