Abstract：
:Dopamine neurons have been suggested to use glutamate as a cotransmitter. To identify the basis of such a phenotype, we have examined the expression of the three recently identified vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT1-3) in postnatal rat dopamine neurons in culture. We found that the majority of isolated dopamine neurons express VGLUT2, but not VGLUT1 or 3. In comparison, serotonin neurons express only VGLUT3. Single-cell RT-PCR experiments confirmed the presence of VGLUT2 mRNA in dopamine neurons. Arguing for phenotypic heterogeneity among axon terminals, we find that only a proportion of terminals established by dopamine neurons are VGLUT2-positive. Taken together, our results provide a basis for the ability of dopamine neurons to release glutamate as a cotransmitter. A detailed analysis of the conditions under which DA neurons gain or loose a glutamatergic phenotype may provide novel insight into pathophysiological processes that underlie diseases such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and drug dependence.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Dal Bo G,St-Gelais F,Danik M,Williams S,Cotton M,Trudeau LEdoi
10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02277.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-01 00:00:00pages
1398-405issue
6eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159pii
2277journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Neuropeptide Y (NPY) elicits a plethora of physiological effects by interacting with several distinct G protein-coupled receptors. Activation of one of these receptors, the NPY Y5 receptor, is thought to result in increased food intake, anticonvulsant effects, attenuation of opiate withdrawal, inhibition of neuronal a...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730913.x
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fresh myelin, isolated from brainstems of adult rats, was incubated in the presence of Cu2+ and H2O2. Electrophoretic analysis of the reisolated myelin membrane revealed a gradual loss of the protein moiety from the characteristic pattern and an increase in aggregated material appearing at the origin of the gel. The a...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05530.x
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effectiveness of intranasal drug administration to stimulate central neuronal systems is well known from drug addiction and has also been considered as an alternative pharmacokinetic approach to treat brain disorders such as Parkinson's disease. In the present study, the possible neurochemical effects of intranasa...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68010233.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cellular prion protein (PrP(c)) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored plasma membrane protein whose conformational altered forms (PrP(sc)) are known to cause neurodegenerative diseases in mammals. In order to investigate the intracellular traffic of mammalian PrP(c) in living cells, we have generated a ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00529.x
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphatidylserine (PS), which is synthesized in mammalian tissues by the exchange between free serine and the nitrogen bases present in membrane glycerophospholipids, is strictly required for protein kinase C (PKC) activity. PKC, as other molecules involved in signal transduction, is present in lipid rafts, considere...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04783.x
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fever is thought to be mediated by leukocytic pyrogen (LP), a polypeptide synthesized by phagocytic leukocytes and which is responsible for the upwards resetting of the hypothalamic thermostat. In an attempt to study the effects of LP directly on brain tissue, purified human LP was incubated with rabbit brain slices i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb12544.x
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work in this laboratory has shown that adrenal medullary transplants into the spinal cord subarachnoid space can reduce pain sensitivity. This analgesia most likely results from the release of neuroactive substances, particularly catecholamines and opioid peptides, from the transplanted cells into the CSF of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08195.x
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The exact molecular mechanism of ischemic neuronal death still remains unclear from rodents to primates. A number of studies using lower species animals have suggested implication of apoptosis cascade, while using monkeys the authors recently claimed necrosis cascade by calpain-induced leakage of lysosomal cathepsins ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00679.x
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70041712.x
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the retina of the white perch (Roccus americanus). Both dopamine and the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol stimulate cyclic AMP accumulation in this retina, but serotonin, an indoleamine, and phenylephrine, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, had no effect...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb11801.x
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium-activated neutral proteases (calpains) are regulated by specific endogenous protein inhibitors, the calpastatins, which are widely distributed in mammalian tissues. Calpastatins from different species or in various tissues from the same species exhibit considerable size heterogeneity on sodium dodecyl sulfate ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64020859.x
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adenosine has several functions within the CNS that involve an inhibitory tone of neurotransmission and neuroprotective actions in pathological conditions. The understanding of adenosine production and release in the brain is therefore of fundamental importance and has been extensively studied. Conflicting results are...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00607.x
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intracerebroventricular injection of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, 0.125-1.25 mumol/rat) causes epileptic seizures (4 min leads to 1 min) that are preventable or reversible by GABA (1 mumol/rat), by muscimol (0.025 mumol/rat), or by diazepam (1.75 mumol/rat). At the peak of PLP-induced convulsions, the activities of G...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb02401.x
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amino acid and monoamine concentrations were examined in tissue extracts of caudate nucleus of genetic substrains of BALB/c mice susceptible or resistant to audiogenic seizures. Amino acids [aspartate, glutamate, glycine, taurine, serine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)], monoamines, and related metabolites were separa...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03290.x
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of L-DOPA is commonly used to treat Parkinson's disease, yet controversy continues as to whether the dopamine arising from it aggravates neuronal loss. Several authors have reported cytotoxic effects of L-DOPA and dopamine on cultured cells, but others have not. In this report using the rat pheochromocy...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00802.x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of chronic treatment with the specific, mechanism-based, irreversible inhibitors of 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19; GABA transaminase), ethanolamine O-sulphate (EOS), and 4-aminohexenoate [vigabatrin; gamma-vinyl-GABA (GVG)] on the extracellular concentrations of GABA in the hippocampus have...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64052256.x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tau is a microtubule-associated protein whose transcript undergoes complex regulated splicing in the mammalian nervous system. Exon 6 of the gene is an alternatively spliced cassette whose expression pattern and splicing regulation had not been previously analyzed in the human. The expression profile of exon 6 is comp...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70041346.x
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition caused by dominant loss-of-function mutations of the tumor suppressor gene NF1 that encodes neurofibromin, a negative regulator of RAS activity. Mutation analysis of NF1 located at 17q11.2 has been hampered by the large size of the gene, the hig...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13396
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A specific and sensitive gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay for measurement of normetanephrine (NMN) in different rat brain regions is presented. The results show that hypothalamus contains the highest concentrations of the norepinephrine metabolite. An increase of NMN concentrations has been detected in ani...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb06334.x
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well established that chronic nicotine treatment produces a dose-dependent increase in high-affinity L-[3H]nicotine binding. This increase may be due to chronic desensitization of the receptor. Sophisticated kinetic analyses of high-affinity nicotine binding to rat brain have demonstrated that the association ra...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62020574.x
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein kinase C γ (PKCγ) undergoes multistep activation and participates in various cellular processes in Purkinje cells. Perturbations in its phosphorylation state, conformation or localization can disrupt kinase signalling, such as in spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14) that is caused by missense mutations i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12491
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to establish whether the antioxidant and iron-chelating activities of R-apomorphine (R-APO), a D(1)-D(2) receptor agonist, may contribute to its neuroprotective property, its S-isomer, which is not a dopamine agonist, was studied. The neuroprotective property of R- and S-APO has been studied in the MPTP model...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.t01-1-00227.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeat within the coding region of several genes results in the production of proteins with expanded polyglutamine (PolyQ) stretch. The expression of these pathogenic proteins leads to PolyQ diseases, such as Huntington's disease or several types of spinocerebellar ataxias. This family o...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06302.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of thyroid hormones (THs) on the expression of actin gene during fetal human brain development and the period of sensitivity to the hormones have been investigated. Developmental profile of actin in the cytoskeletal (CSK) and noncytoskeletal (non-CSK) fractions in the fetal cerebra showed a pronounced rise ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69031170.x
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some data on the concentration range of response and the concentration for half-response (EC50) of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) for the GABAA receptor are reviewed and compared. An analysis of the 36Cl- flux assay demonstrates that both the EC50 and the slope of a Hill plot depend on the ion influx or efflux assay t...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb03110.x
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Aplysia, serotonin mediates behavioral sensitization by increasing the strength of the synapse between sensory and motor neurons, a process known as facilitation. The retention of long-term facilitation is blocked by rapamycin, an inhibitor of a specific translational pathway. One possible rapamycin-sensitive targe...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02634.x
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adaptor protein Disabled1 (Dab1) interacts with amyloid precursor protein (APP) and decreases its pathological processing, an effect mediated by Fyn tyrosine kinase. Fyn is highly enriched in lipid rafts, a major site of pathological APP processing. To investigate the role of Fyn in the localization and phosphoryl...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07296.x
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The myelin-deficient (mld) mouse is an autosomal recessive mutant characterized by hypomyelination of the CNS due to reduced expression of the myelin basic protein (MBP) gene. In the mld mutant, the MBP gene is duplicated in tandem. One gene is intact, but a large portion is inverted upstream of the other copy, and it...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08186.x
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acrolein is one of the most toxic byproducts of lipid peroxidation, and it has been shown to be associated with multiple pathological processes in trauma and diseases, including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, suppressing acrolein using acrolein scavengers has been suggested...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14025
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:[3H]Spiroperidol binding to homogenates of rat striatum is saturable and shows either monophasic or biphasic saturation isotherms under specified conditions. In poorly washed membrane fragment preparations, saturation isotherms of [3H]spiroperidol binding are monophasic, revealing an apparently homogeneous set of site...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb07865.x
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
